" the Great Schism, and the failure of conciliar reformism.

A credulousness, a distaste for documentation, an uncritical reliance on contemporary accounts, and a proneness to assume a theory as true before adequate proof was provided were all evidences of his failure to comprehend the use of the scientific method or to evaluate the responsibilities of the historian to his reading public.

This process of gradual build-up of strain and stress punctuated by occasional sudden earthquake failure is referred to as the elastic-rebound theory.

A form of attribution theory developed by Bernard Weiner describes how students ' beliefs about the causes of academic success or failure affect their emotions and motivations.

For these developments, it was essential that the solution of the Dirac equation for the hydrogen atom could be worked out exactly, such that any experimentally observed deviation had to be taken seriously as a signal of failure of the theory.

* Lambda denotes the failure rate of devices and systems in reliability theory, and it is measured in failure events per hour.

Market failure in positive economics ( microeconomics ) is limited in implications without mixing the belief of the economist and their theory.

Many consumer products, such as automobiles and consumer electronics, use reliability theory in product design to reduce the probability of failure.

But although experiments can sometimes work best when they ‘ fail ’ because they refute a theory, often, as here, the failure of a single specific design does not refute every possible instantiation of a principle: Velociraptor might not have applied the major force parallel to the skin initially ; once through the skin, the blade dynamic needn ’ t have slashed the hide to cause extensive damage beneath ; and when the hide was cut, it would have been through stretching and pulling out, avoiding rumpling.

While the spread of the word in science publications can be attributed to the influence of feminism, its use as a euphemism for sex is attributed to the failure to grasp the distinction made in feminist theory, and the distinction has sometimes become blurred with the theory itself.

Einstein later referred to his failure to predict the expansion of the universe from theory, before it was proven by observation of the cosmological red shift, as the " biggest blunder " of his life.

This theory draws its roots from two almost diametrically opposed ideas: the hard money policies that dominated monetary thinking in the late 19th century, and the monetary theories of John Maynard Keynes, who, working in the inter-war period during the failure of the restored gold standard, proposed a demand-driven model for money which was the foundation of macroeconomics.

* Economists and political scientists often associate the term with approaches using rational choice assumptions, especially game theory and social choice theory, in explaining phenomena beyond economics ' standard remit, such as corruption, government failure and complex decision-making in which context the term " positive political economy " is common.

Although in theory the term " cardiomyopathy " could apply to almost any disease affecting the heart, in practice it is usually reserved for " severe myocardial disease leading to heart failure ".

Another theory is that the CFTR protein failure leads to a paradoxical increase in sodium and chloride uptake, which, by leading to increased water reabsorption, creates dehydrated and thick mucus.

In public choice theory, such scenarios of inefficient government policies are referred to as government failure — a term akin to market failure from earlier theoretical welfare economics.

More generally, James Buchanan has suggested that public choice theory be interpreted as " politics without romance ," a critical approach to a pervasive earlier notion of idealized politics set against market failure.

: The discrepancy between the faith that practitioners place in rational choice theory and its failure to deliver empirically warrants closer inspection of rational choice theorizing as a scientific enterprise.

According to this view, famines are a result of entitlements, the theory being proposed is called the " failure of exchange entitlements " or FEE.

This conclusion has been challenged by Valentini who argues that the entirety of such objections arises from a failure to interpret de Broglie-Bohm theory on its own terms.

According to Holland, failure to appreciate key points of the de Broglie – Bohm theory has led to confusion, the key point being " that the trajectories of a many-body quantum system are correlated not because the particles exert a direct force on one another ( à la Coulomb ) but because all are acted upon by an entity – mathematically described by the wavefunction or functions of it – that lies beyond them.

This move was largely motivated by Fulham's failure thus far to gain promotion to the top division of English football.

The success or failure of a belligerent's efforts to gain air supremacy hinges on several factors including the skill of its pilots, the tactical soundness of its doctrine for deploying its fighters and the numbers and performance of those fighters.

In private, he was discouraged by the failure of his and Speer ’ s campaign to gain control of the home front.

Unfortunately, due to the failure to gain rights to the title they wanted, id designers were forced to fall back on the project's nickname of " Quake II.

The failure of imperial resistance in 365 allowed Procopius to gain control of the dioceses of Thrace and Asiana by year's end.

In response his failure to gain control over Saxony, Henry II promise to hold future peace negotiations and then headed for the Duchy of Bavaria.

The failure to gain improved rights for uitlanders became a pretext for war and a justification for a major military buildup in the Cape Colony.

In casual usage, the label " prisoner's dilemma " may be applied to situations not strictly matching the formal criteria of the classic or iterative games: for instance, those in which two entities could gain important benefits from cooperating or suffer from the failure to do so, but find it merely difficult or expensive, not necessarily impossible, to coordinate their activities to achieve cooperation.

Failure to use good form during a training set can result in injury or a failure to meet training goals ; since the desired muscle group is not challenged sufficiently, the threshold of overload is never reached and the muscle does not gain in strength.

Cuomo subsequently dropped out and endorsed McCall, but his name remained on the Liberal party line and failed to gain 50, 000 votes, leading to the Liberal Party's failure to retain status and losing its automatic ballot line.

# Upekkha / Upeksha: equanimity, or learning to accept both loss and gain, praise and blame, success and failure with detachment, equally, for oneself and for others.

This extraordinary foreign policy failure saw France gain nothing while allowing Prussia's strength to increase greatly.

They can include failure to gain weight and grow at the expected rate ( failure to thrive ); diarrhea ; abnormal star-shaped red blood cells ( acanthocytosis ); and fatty, foul-smelling stools ( steatorrhea ).

At this crucial juncture, Friant committed his entire division and, despite the failure of a first attack, soon managed to gain a firm foothold on the escarpment, pushing towards the tower at Markgrafneusiedl, a sign that the battle in this sector was turning in favour of the French.

Inconsolable crying, refusing food, crying for food and then pulling off the bottle or breast only to cry for it again, failure to gain adequate weight, bad breath, and belching or burping are also common.

" After the failure of the attempt by the court to gain over Holles and others by offering them posts in the administration, he was one of the " five members " impeached by the king.

Other symptoms include failure to gain weight appropriately in infancy ( failure to thrive ) and low muscle tone.

" Other symptoms include a heart murmur which may range from almost imperceptible to very loud, difficulty in feeding, failure to gain weight, retarded growth and physical development, dyspnea on exertion, clubbing of the fingers and toes, and polycythemia.

A failure to do right ( FTDR ) is a 20-second penalty given for any illegal action taken specifically to gain a competitive advantage.

Yu and his cabinet resigned en masse following the pan-Green Coalition failure to gain a majority in the 2004 legislative elections.

After taking over the galaxy the Silent King ordered the Necrons to sleep, and then set off directionless on his ship in hopes of finding someway to gain atonement for his failure to his people.

The general election of 1965 was caused by the ruling Fianna Fáil party's failure to gain a seat in a by-election.