The heated filament, or cathode, was capable of thermionic emission of electrons that would flow to the plate ( or anode ) when it was at a higher voltage.

As the voltage applied to the so-called control grid ( or simply " grid ") was lowered from the cathode's voltage to somewhat more negative voltages, the amount of current from the filament to the plate would be reduced.

Making tubes smaller reduced the voltage that they could work at, and also the power of the filament.

A superior solution, and one which allowed each cathode to " float " at a different voltage, was that of the indirectly-heated cathode: a cylinder of oxide-coated nickel acted as electron-emitting cathode, and was electrically isolated from the filament inside it.

He found that the current emitted by the hot filament increased rapidly with increasing voltage, and filed a patent application for a voltage-regulating device using the effect on November 15, 1883 ( U. S. patent 307, 031, the first US patent for an electronic device ).

This usually happens when the voltage drops, but in some cases occurs when the heated gas rises, stretching out and then breaking the filament of ionized gas.

The voltage level was chosen for convenience in lamp manufacture ; high-resistance carbon filament lamps could be constructed to withstand 100 volts, and to provide lighting performance economically competitive with gas lighting.

Emission may usually be restored by raising filament voltage.

Hydrogen ( and deuterium ) can be stored in the tube in the form of a metal hydride, heated with an auxiliary filament ; releasing hydrogen by heating such storage element can be used to replenish cleaned-up gas, and even to adjust the pressure as needed for a thyratron operation at a given voltage.

Tube-based transmitters must have power applied in the proper sequence, with the filament voltage applied before the anode voltage, otherwise the tubes can be damaged.

These changes to the regulation permitted automakers to implement a less costly DRL, such as by connecting the high beam filaments in series to supply each filament with half its rated voltage, or by burning the front turn signals full time except when they are actually flashing as turn indicators.

Like the tungsten filament of an ordinary incandescent lamp, if current increases, the ballast resistor gets hotter, its resistance goes up, and its voltage drop increases.

The 25120 required a 6. 3 VAC V < sub > ff </ sub > ( vacuum tube filament ) supply, a + 10 V < sub > cc </ sub > ( double the V < sub > cc </ sub > of standard TTL logic of the day ), and V < sub > dd </ sub > of zero volts ( i. e. ground ), ± 2 %.

Modern vacuum tubes use thermionic emission, in which the cathode is made of a thin wire filament which is heated by a separate electric current passing through it.

The helical nature of the individual flagellar filament is critical for this movement to occur.

As such, the protein that makes up the flagellar filament, flagellin, is quite similar among all flagellated bacteria.

A very long filament cavity is visible across the Sun's southern hemisphere.

A vacuum tube diode, now used only in some high-power technologies and by enthusiasts, is a vacuum tube with two electrodes, a plate ( anode ) and filament ( cathode ).

Further purification is effected by a chemical transport reaction developed by Arkel and de Boer: In a closed vessel, hafnium reacts with iodine at temperatures of 500 ° C, forming hafnium ( IV ) iodide ; at a tungsten filament of 1700 ° C the reverse reaction happens, and the iodine and hafnium are set free.

Rock wool is made from molten rock, basalt or ' slag ' that is spun into bundles of single filament fibres, and bonded into a medium capable of capillary action, and is, in effect, protected from most common microbiological degradation.

In this type of gauge, a wire filament is heated by running current through it.

This temperature is dependent on the rate at which the filament loses heat to the surrounding gas, and therefore on the thermal conductivity.

A common variant is the Pirani gauge, which uses a single platinum filament as both the heated element and RTD.

A hot-cathode ionization gauge is composed mainly of three electrodes acting together as a triode, wherein the cathode is the filament.

The number of these ions is proportional to the gaseous molecule density multiplied by the electron current emitted from the filament, and these ions pour into the collector to form an ion current.

A magnetic field parallel to the filament is imposed by a permanent magnet.

In a typical SEM, an electron beam is thermionically emitted from an electron gun fitted with a tungsten filament cathode.

Other types of electron emitters include lanthanum hexaboride () cathodes, which can be used in a standard tungsten filament SEM if the vacuum system is upgraded and field emission guns ( FEG ), which may be of the cold-cathode type using tungsten single crystal emitters or the thermally assisted Schottky type, using emitters of zirconium oxide.

When the bulb's filament is heated white-hot, electrons are boiled off its surface and into the vacuum inside the bulb.

If the extra electrode ( also called a " plate " or " anode ") is made more positive than the hot filament, a direct current flows through the vacuum to the anode ( a demonstration of the Edison effect ).

If a signal is applied to the grid, it modulates the current flowing from the filament to the plate.

One domain of classification of vacuum tubes uses the number of active electrodes, neglecting the filament or heater in devices with indirectly-heated cathodes ( where the heater is electrically separate from the cathode ).

Heating is usually achieved by sending electricity through a resistor consisting of a hot incandescent filament, with the expanded gas expelled through a conventional nozzle.

The rotor alone can operate at 6, 000 to 17, 000 rpm, but with the flagellar filament attached usually only reaches 200 to 1000 rpm.

* Division 10: Bulbocodium Daffodil Cultivars Characteristics of Section Bulbocodium clearly evident: usually one flower to a stem ; perianth segments insignificant compared with the dominant corona ; anthers dorsifixed ( i. e., attached more or less centrally to the filament ); filament and style usually curved.

Electrons are usually generated in an electron microscope by a process known as thermionic emission from a filament, usually tungsten, in the same manner as a light bulb, or alternatively by field electron emission.

To prevent thermal shock, there is often a delay enforced in the application of current to the tip, to prevent thermal gradients from damaging the filament, the delay is usually a few seconds for LaB < sub > 6 </ sub >, and significantly lower for tungsten.

The beam is usually bent through an angle of 270 ° in order to ensure that the gun filament is not directly exposed to the evaporant flux.

Zari is basically a brocade of tinsel thread meant for weaving and embroidery. It is manufactured by winding or wrapping ( covering ) a flattened metallic strip made from pure gold, silver or slitted metallised polyester film, on a core yarn, usually of pure silk, art silk, viscose, cotton, nylon, polyester, P. P., mono / multi filament, wire, etc.

Crookes tubes are cold cathode tubes, meaning that they do not have a heated filament in them that releases electrons like the later electronic vacuum tubes usually do.

The stamen is the male reproductive organ of a flower where it usually has a filament and, at least, an anther.

A filament is usually thin short or elongated stalk of the stamen that carries the anther at the upper end ; whereas the anther is the part of the stamen that bear the pollen.

The OIS type is usually mounted directly to the vacuum chamber, exposing the filament wire and anode wire cage to the surrounding vacuum chamber, allowing all molecules in the vacuum chamber to move easily through the ion source.

Breaks in the filament usually occur where dead cells ( necridia ) are present.