Dutch law allows associations ( verenigingen ) and foundations ( stichtingen ) to bring a so-called collective action on behalf of other persons, provided they can represent the interests of such persons according to their by-laws ( statuten ) ( section 3: 305a Dutch Civil Code ).

Courses typically taught only in college are being reformatted so that they can be taught to any level of student, whereby elementary school students may learn the foundations of any topic they desire.

Today the foundations of their barracks can still be seen, as well as the remains of pillboxes.

In logic and the foundations of mathematics, formal languages are used to represent the syntax of axiomatic systems, and mathematical formalism is the philosophy that all of mathematics can be reduced to the syntactic manipulation of formal languages in this way.

Ground movement beneath a structure's foundations can occur due to shrinkage or swell of expansive soils due to climatic changes, frost expansion of soil, melting of permafrost, slope instability, or other causes.

Slab foundations can be either slab-on-grade foundations or embedded foundations, typically in buildings with basements.

While shallow foundations rely solely on the bearing capacity of the soil beneath them, deep foundations can rely on end bearing resistance, frictional resistance along their length, or both in developing the required capacity.

This can be seen in the Toutswemogala Hill settlements with stone foundations and stone walls, north of the highveld and south of the Vaal River.

Contemporary work in the foundations of mathematics often focuses on establishing which parts of mathematics can be formalized in particular formal systems ( as in reverse mathematics ) rather than trying to find theories in which all of mathematics can be developed.

Few Roman remains are visible today ; a fragment of the old city wall can be seen near the casino and the foundations of the amphitheatre are traced in the paving of the present-day Rembrandtstraat.

While shallow foundations rely solely on the bearing capacity of the soil beneath them, deep foundations can rely on end bearing resistance, frictional resistance along their length, or both in developing the required capacity.

According to Stephen Metcalf, Nozick expresses serious misgivings about capitalist libertarianism, going so far as to reject much of the foundations of the theory on the grounds that personal freedom can sometimes only be fully actualized via a collectivist politics and that wealth is at times justly redistributed via taxation to protect the freedom of the many from the potential tyranny of an overly selfish and powerful few.

) by an appropriate huge natural number — unambiguity of both representation and interpretation can be established by number theoretical foundations of these techniques.

It can also be defined as the branch of economics which studies its own foundations and morality.

The four foundations ( light rectangles in the upper right of the figure ) are built up by suit from Ace ( low in this game ) to King, and the tableau piles can be built down by alternate colors, and partial or complete piles can be moved if they are built down by alternate colors also.

The number of " unwinnable " games is therefore between 8. 5-18 %, but there are also " unplayable " games in which no cards can be moved to the foundations even at the start of the game, which occur in only 0. 25 % of hands dealt.

An F5 or EF5 tornado, the strongest category, rips buildings off their foundations and can deform large skyscrapers.

An EF0 tornado will probably damage trees but not substantial structures, whereas an EF5 tornado can rip buildings off their foundations leaving them bare and even deform large skyscrapers.

This temple of Athena Polias was built upon the Doerpfeld foundations, between the Erechtheion and the still – standing Parthenon.

Often referred to as fonds, meaning " foundations ", these base sauces, espagnole, velouté, and béchamel, are still known today.

According to Jaspers, this is the era of history when " the spiritual foundations of humanity were laid simultaneously and independently ... And these are the foundations upon which humanity still subsists today ".

However, professional editors still have to be paid, and PLoS still relies heavily on donations from foundations to cover the majority of its operating costs ; smaller journals do not often have access to such resources.

There are some vestiges of the Alans in Portugal, namely in Alenquer ( whose name may be Germanic for the Temple of the Alans, from " Alan Kerk ", and whose castle may have been established by them ; the Alaunt is still represented in that city's coat of arms ), in the construction of the castles of Torres Vedras and Almourol, and in the city walls of Lisbon, where vestiges of their presence may be found under the foundations of the Church of Santa Luzia.

The existing port at Porto Torres, which is almost wholly artificial, is based in great part on Roman foundations ; and there exist also the remains of a temple ( which, as we learn from an inscription, was dedicated to Fortune, and restored in the reign of Philip ), of thermae, of a basilica and an aqueduct, as well as a bridge over the adjoining small river, still called the Fiume Turritano.

The chief monuments, of which the ruins are still extant within the circuit of the walls, are: the theatre, of which the remains are in imperfect condition, but sufficient to show that it was not of large size, and apparently of Roman construction, or at least, like that of Tauromenium, rebuilt in Roman times upon the Greek foundations ; a large edifice with two handsome stone arches, commonly called a Gymnasium, but the real purpose of which is very difficult to determine ; several other edifices of Roman times, but of wholly uncertain character, a mosaic pavement, and some Roman tombs.

Also, because human societies have always made use of water, sometimes the remains of structures that these societies built underwater still exist ( such as the foundations of crannogs, bridges and harbours ) when traces on dry land have been lost.

Many hofjes are still owned by the original foundations, and are still mainly used for single elderly women.

Her books are still considered to be foundations for contemporary American Holistic graphology.

Colossal foundations of a temple dedicated to the Emperor Hadrian are still visible: the columns were 21. 35 metres high ( about 70 feet ), while the highest known elsewhere, those at Baalbek in Syria are only 19. 35 metres ( about 63 feet ).

While his work in natural philosophy is probably overshadowed by Aristotle, it still helped lay the foundations for much of the progress that was made in the later centuries.

The original parish church alongside the abbey was demolished, though the foundations are still visible.

The remains of the villages are still under water: foundations, walls of houses, churches wells, etc.

The foundations of the travertine church can still be seen in the crypt of the present building.

The architecture of the old section of town reflects its long history ; walls and foundations from the Roman Empire are still common, together with a wealth of Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque structures, often artistically decorated, showing centuries of stability and prosperity.

So, like other propositional attitudes, belief implies the existence of mental states and intentionality, both of which are hotly debated topics in the philosophy of mind, whose foundations and relation to brain states are still controversial.

At the top of Bradshaw, along the American River, close to the oak tree that marked the northwest boundary of the Spanish Land Grant, Rancho Rio De Los Americanos, there are still some remains of foundations.

Even though they are visibly contorted the houses are still habitable as the owners have reinforced them to withstand the dislocation of their foundations.

The foundations of 21 buildings of the original gunpowder factory complex ( originally 200 buildings ) can still be found near the Scantic River within Scantic River State Park.

These results might be weaker than, equivalent to, or stronger than the axiom of choice, depending on the strength of the technical foundations.

In the early 19th century the foundations for the extensive collection of sculpture began to be laid and Greek, Roman and Egyptian artefacts dominated the antiquities displays.

In particular, the Unicode standard provides foundations for complete BiDi support, with detailed rules as to how mixtures of left-to-right and right-to-left scripts are to be encoded and displayed.

Music was much simplified ; and a radical distinction developed between, on the one hand, parish worship where only the metrical psalms of Sternhold and Hopkins might be sung ; and on the other hand, worship in churches with organs and surviving choral foundations, where the music of John Marbeck and others was developed into a rich choral tradition.

Virgilio Canio Corbo, a Franciscan priest and archaeologist, who was present at the excavations, estimated from the archaeological evidence that the western retaining wall, of the temple itself, would have passed extremely close to the east side of the supposed tomb ; if the wall had been any further west any tomb would have been crushed under the weight of the wall ( which would be immediately above it ) if it had not already been destroyed when foundations for the wall were made.

This allows tunnels to be built without collapsing, bridges and skyscrapers to be built with sturdy foundations, and buildings to be built that will not settle in clay and mud.

I. E. S. Edwards discusses Strabo's mention that the pyramid " a little way up one side has a stone that may be taken out, which being raised up there is a sloping passage to the foundations.

A geotechnical engineer then determines and designs the type of foundations, earthworks, and / or pavement subgrades required for the intended man-made structures to be built.

All these factors must be considered during design of foundations.

Slab-on-grade foundations must be designed to allow for potential ground movement due to changing soil conditions.

Greek mathematician Archimedes, famous for his ideas regarding fluid mechanics and buoyancyIn the 3rd century BCE, the Greek mathematician Archimedes of Syracuse ( ( 287 BCE-212 BCE )-generally considered to be the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time-laid the foundations of hydrostatics, statics and calculated the underlying mathematics of the lever.

The establishment of the International Committee of the Red Cross, the 1864 Lieber Code and the first of the Geneva Conventions in 1864 laid the foundations of International humanitarian law, to be further developed following the two World Wars.

Several mathematicians, including Maclaurin and d ' Alembert, attempted to prove the soundness of using limits, but it would be 150 years later, through the work of Augustin Louis Cauchy and Karl Weierstrass, where a means was finally found to avoid mere " notions " of infinitely small quantities, that the foundations of differential and integral calculus were made firm.

The field of study combines two main branches: the law of nations ( jus gentium ) and international agreements and conventions ( jus inter gentes ), which have different foundations and should not be confused.

It said the Fathers saw foreshadowings of Mary's " wondrous abundance of divine gifts and original innocence " " in that ark of Noah, which was built by divine command and escaped entirely safe and sound from the common shipwreck of the whole world ; in the ladder which Jacob saw reaching from the earth to heaven, by whose rungs the angels of God ascended and descended, and on whose top the Lord himself leaned ; in that bush which Moses saw in the holy place burning on all sides, which was not consumed or injured in any way but grew green and blossomed beautifully ; in that impregnable tower before the enemy, from which hung a thousand bucklers and all the armor of the strong ; in that garden enclosed on all sides, which cannot be violated or corrupted by any deceitful plots ; in that resplendent city of God, which has its foundations on the holy mountains ; in that most august temple of God, which, radiant with divine splendours, is full of the glory of God ; and in very many other biblical types of this kind.