The four left the Labour Party as a result of policy changes enacted at the January 1981 Wembley conference which committed the party to unilateral nuclear disarmament and withdrawal from the European Economic Community.

Under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean that led to general European awareness of the American continents.

It was almost certainly written within three or four years of Columba's death and is the earliest vernacular poem in European history.

By the 19th century, European cavalry fell into four main categories:

The name " Cheddar cheese " is widely used and has no Protected Designation of Origin ( PDO ) within the European Union, but only Cheddar produced from local milk within four counties of South West England may use the name " West Country Farmhouse Cheddar.

Along with the three or four estates in various European countries, another outcast layer existed below the bottom layer of the hierarchical society, a layer that had no rights and was there to serve the upper layers.

Other prominent European pop and disco groups were Luv ' from the Netherlands and Boney M, a group of four West Indian singers and dancers masterminded by West German record producer Frank Farian.

In most western countries, to become a qualified dentist one must usually complete at least four years of postgraduate study ; within the European Union the education has to be at least five years.

Dragons can have a variable number of legs: none, two, four, or more when it comes to early European literature.

The first European university, the University of Bologna, was founded as a school of law by four famous legal scholars in the 12th century who were students of the glossator school in Bologna.

The European Free Trade Association ( or EFTA ) is a free trade organisation between four European countries that operates parallel to, and is linked to, the European Union ( EU ).

In the 2004 European Parliament election the EFA was reduced to four MEPs two of the SNP ( Ian Hudghton and Alyn Smith ), one of PC ( Jill Evans ) and one of the Republican Left of Catalonia ( ERC ; Bernat Joan i Mari, replaced at the mid-term by MEP Mikel Irujo of Basque EA ) plus two affiliate members ( Tatjana Ždanoka of For Human Rights in United Latvia ( PCTVL ) and László Tőkés, independent MEP and former member of the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania ( UMDR ).

The Statute provides four ways of forming a European limited company: merger, formation of a holding company, formation of a joint subsidiary, or conversion of a public limited company previously formed under national law.

In addition to the presidential and parliamentary elections, there are European Parliament elections every five years, and local municipal elections ( held simultaneously in every municipality ) every four years.

At 2009 European Parliament election held on the same day as the Local elections, which saw a reduction in the number seats from 13 to 12 for Ireland, the party won four seats, retaining the largest number of seats of an Irish party in the European Parliament.

Further, Menelik had spent much of the previous four years building up a supply of modern weapons and ammunition, acquired from the French, British, and the Italians themselves, as the European colonial powers sought to keep each other's North African aspirations in check.

England reached the last four of the 1968 European Championships where they lost to Yugoslavia in Florence.

The project partners are 32 European NRENs, DANTE and TERENA ; plus an additional four Associate NRENs.

This contract between the project partners and the European Commission provides total funding from the EC of 93 million Euro for four years from 1 April 2009.

The GÉANT project is a collaboration between 34 project partners: 32 European NRENs, DANTE and TERENA ; and four Associate NRENs.

Although several different styles of gin have evolved, it is legally differentiated into four categories in the European Union, with two of those four ( Distilled Gin and Compound Gin ) being officially recognised in the United States.

Even in the neighborhood of the Earth, where information has been obtained both directly and indirectly, the derived flux values vary by at least four orders of magnitude.

they had orders to that effect straight from President Kennedy, who thought at first, as did most others, that it was four followers of Cuba's Fidel Castro who had taken over the 707.

Therefore, four loose families of more-efficient light transport modelling techniques have emerged: rasterization, including scanline rendering, geometrically projects objects in the scene to an image plane, without advanced optical effects ; ray casting considers the scene as observed from a specific point-of-view, calculating the observed image based only on geometry and very basic optical laws of reflection intensity, and perhaps using Monte Carlo techniques to reduce artifacts ; and ray tracing is similar to ray casting, but employs more advanced optical simulation, and usually uses Monte Carlo techniques to obtain more realistic results at a speed that is often orders of magnitude slower.

With a height that is only four to eight times its diameter, the columns are the most squat of all orders.

The Corinthian order is the most ornate of the Greek orders, characterized by a slender fluted column having an ornate capital decorated with two rows of acanthus leaves and four scrolls.

Beetles are by far the largest orders of insects, with 350, 000 – 400, 000 species in four suborders ( Adephaga, Archostemata, Myxophaga, and Polyphaga ), making up about 40 % of all insect species described.

Elijah now orders that the altar of Yahweh be drenched with water from " four large jars " poured three times ().

Out of this two, indium-115 makes up 95. 7 % of all indium but it is radioactive, decaying to tin-115 via beta decay with half-life of 4. 41 years, four orders of magnitude larger than the age of the universe and nearly 50, 000 times longer than that of natural thorium.

The ordinances defined four orders of ministerial function: pastors to preach and to administer the sacraments ; doctors to instruct believers in the faith ; elders to provide discipline ; and deacons to care for the poor and needy.

In 1274 he accompanied Gregory X to the Council of Lyon, where it was established that only four mendicant orders were to be tolerated: Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians and Carmelites.

While crystals, according to the classical crystallographic restriction theorem, can possess only two, three, four, and six-fold rotational symmetries, the Bragg diffraction pattern of quasicrystals shows sharp peaks with other symmetry orders, for instance five-fold.

Experimentally, the aperiodicity is revealed in the unusual symmetry of the diffraction pattern, that is, symmetry of orders other than two, three, four, or six.

On July 17, 1918, Bolshevik authorities acting on Yakov Sverdlov orders in Moscow and led locally by Filip Goloschekin and Yakov Yurovsky, shot Nicholas II, his immediate family, and four servants in the cellar of the Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg, Russia.

Napoleon issued orders that exempted San Marino's citizens from any type of taxation and gifted them with 1, 000 quintals ( over 2, 200 lb or 1, 000 kg ) of wheat and four cannons, which, for reasons unknown, never arrived.

Santiago gives its name to one of the four military orders of Spain: Santiago, Calatrava, Alcantara and Montesa.

There are currently orders for four new vessels which are being built and would be handed over mid to late 2010. They have now arrived named: Carnival Runner, Calypso sprinter, Paria Bullet and the Trini Flash

Canellales is the botanical name for an order of flowering plants, one of the four orders of the magnoliids.

He immediately orders every county magistrate to set up four granaries, and halts government taxation on books.

Otophysi contains four other orders, Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, and Gymnotiformes.

In the Latin Church before 1972, tonsure admitted someone to the clerical state, after which he could receive the four minor orders ( ostiary, lectorate, order of exorcists, order of acolytes ) and then the major orders of subdiaconate, diaconate, presbyterate, and finally the episcopate, which Catholic doctrine sees as " the fullness of Holy Orders ".

When they arrive they and their families are 70 in number, but within four generations they have increased to 600, 000 men of fighting age, and the Pharaoh of Egypt, alarmed, first enslaves them and then orders the death of all male Hebrew children.

Myliobatiformes is one of the four orders of batoids, cartilaginous fishes related to sharks.

When General Matsui arrived in the city four days after the massacre had begun, he issued strict orders that resulted in the eventual end of the massacre.

On December 29, 1890, five hundred troops of the U. S. 7th Cavalry, supported by four Hotchkiss guns ( a lightweight artillery piece capable of rapid fire ), surrounded an encampment of the Lakota bands of the Miniconjou and Hunkpapa with orders to escort them to the railroad for transport to Omaha, Nebraska.