This measurement was obtained by W. Blumberg of the University of California, Berkeley, by observing the breadth of the free induction decay signal.

Berkeley DB is redistributed under the Sleepycat Public License, which is an OSI-approved open source license as well as an FSF-approved free software licence.

Berkeley DB provides the underlying storage and retrieval system of several LDAP servers, database systems, and many other proprietary and free / open source applications.

* Bogofilter – A free / open source spam filter that saves its wordlists using Berkeley DB.

* Citadel – A free / open source groupware platform that keeps all of its data stores, including the message base, in Berkeley DB.

* Evolution-A free / open source mail client ; contacts are stored in addressbook. db using Berkeley DB

BIND was first released with Berkeley Software Distribution 4. 3BSD, and as such, it is free and open source software.

* CyArk Digital Nineveh Archives, publicly accessible, free depository of the data from the previously-linked UC Berkeley Nineveh Archives project, fully linked and georeferenced in a UC Berkeley / CyArk research partnership to develop the archive for open web use.

There was also an emerging music scene of folk clubs, coffee houses and independent radio stations catering to a population of students at nearby Berkeley, and to free thinkers that had gravitated to the city.

Ian Mortimer, focusing more on contemporary documents from 1327 itself, argues that Roger de Mortimer engineered a fake " escape " for Edward from Berkeley Castle ; after this Edward was kept in Ireland, believing he was really evading Mortimer, before finally finding himself free, but politically unwelcome, after the fall of Isabella and Mortimer.

Only in 1989, however, could UC Berkeley release versions of its operating system and networking library free from the licensing constraints of AT & T's proprietary Unix.

Admission is free for UC Berkeley students, staff, and faculty, one dollar for seniors, Cal Alumni Association members, and persons age 18 and under, and two dollars for everyone else.

After completing a bachelor of arts in 1955, he pursued studies in philosophy and logic from 1956 to 1960 at the University of California, first in Berkeley and then in Los Angeles ( UCLA ), and in 1960 moved to Stockholm, Sweden, to specialize in theoretical philosophy at Stockholm University with a particular interest in free logic, logic free of existence assumptions.

Magic continues to be popular because it is free ( Berkeley open-source license ), easy to use, and easy to expand for specialized tasks.

The " Fish Cheer " evolved into the " Fuck Cheer " after the Berkeley free speech movement.

In 1894, Burgess lost his job at Berkeley as a result of his involvement in an attack on one of San Francisco's three Cogswell fountains, free water fountains named after the pro-temperance advocate Henry Cogswell who had donated them to the city in 1883.

Dr. Kenneth E. Train of UC Berkeley, who conducted the study, stated that given a typical retail price of $ 21, 000 for a RAV4 SUV, " Toyota would have to give the average consumer a free RAV4-EV plus a check for approximately $ 7, 000.

The publishers of the Palo Alto Daily News ( Aspen Times Daily founding editor Dave Price, and Vail Daily founder Jim Pavelich ) have since launched successful free dailies in San Mateo, California ( 2000 ), Redwood City, California ( 2000 ), Burlingame, California ( 2000 ), Los Gatos, California ( 2002 ), Denver, Colorado ( 2002 ), and Berkeley, California ( 2006 ).

* 1999: A free daily starts in Berkeley, California known as the Berkeley Daily Planet on April 7.

Later in the year, on May 20, Palo Alto Daily News spawns another free daily in Berkeley, called the East Bay Daily News.

This service has since been replaced by Bear Transit " Perimeter " shuttles, as well as a multitude of AC Transit routes ( which many UC Berkeley students can ride for free by flashing special decals on their IDs ).

Software that is not distributed can use the Sleepycat License, as can free and open source software.

Most important of these is Software in the Public Interest, the owner of the Debian trademark and umbrella organization for various other community free software projects.

The Free Software Foundation advises people to " avoid using terms like ' give away ' or ' for free ,' because those terms imply that the issue is about price, not freedom.

Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to provide the organizational structure to advance his free software ideas.

The FSF recommends using the term " free software " rather than " open source software " because, as they state in a paper on Free Software philosophy, the latter term and the associated marketing campaign focuses on the technical issues of software development, avoiding the issue of user freedoms.

Members of the free software movement believe that all users of software should have the freedoms listed in The Free Software Definition.

The Free Software Foundation also believes all software needs free documentation, in particular because conscientious programmers should be able to update manuals to reflect modification that they made to the software ), but deems the freedom to modify less important for other types of written works.

Margaret S. Elliot, a researcher in the Institute for Software at the University of California Irvine, not only outlines many benefits that could come from a free software movement, she claims that it is inherently necessary to give every person equal opportunity to utilize the internet, assuming that the computer is globally accessible.

Some free software advocates use the term Free and Open Source Software ( FOSS ) as an inclusive compromise, drawing on both philosophies to bring both free software advocates and open source software advocates together to work on projects with more cohesion.

On the other hand, the Free Software movement views non-free software as a social issue and free software as the solution to the problem.

* Free Software Foundation, non-profit corporation to support the free software movement, and in particular the GNU Project

The Free Software Definition, written by Richard Stallman and published by Free Software Foundation ( FSF ), defines free software as a matter of liberty, not price.

Despite the fundamental philosophical differences between the free software movement and the open source movement, the official definitions of free software by the Free Software Foundation and of open source software by the Open Source Initiative basically refer to the same software licences, with a few minor exceptions.

* The Free Software Definition, often called " the four freedoms " within the free software community

According to the Free Software Foundation, " freeware " is a loosely defined category and it has no clear accepted definition, although FSF says it must be distinguished from free software ( libre ).

The GNU Lesser General Public License ( formerly the GNU Library General Public License ) or LGPL is a free software license published by the Free Software Foundation ( FSF ).

People primarily known for their contributions to the consciousness of the programmer subculture of hackers include Richard Stallman, the founder of the free software movement and the GNU project, president of the Free Software Foundation and author of the famous Emacs text editor as well as the GNU Compiler Collection ( GCC ), and Eric S. Raymond, one of the founders of the Open Source Initiative and writer of the famous text The Cathedral and the Bazaar and many other essays, maintainer of the Jargon File ( which was previously maintained by Guy L. Steele, Jr .).

The first libre definition was the free software definition published by the Free Software Foundation in 1986.

Freedoms 1 and 3 require free file formats and free software as defined by the Free Software Foundation

Several major computer-related organizations have originated at MIT since the 1980s: Richard Stallman's GNU Project and the subsequent Free Software Foundation were founded in the mid-1980s at the AI Lab ; the MIT Media Lab was founded in 1985 by Nicholas Negroponte and Jerome Wiesner to promote research into novel uses of computer technology ; the World Wide Web Consortium standards organization was founded at the Laboratory for Computer Science in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee ; the OpenCourseWare project has made course materials for over 2, 000 MIT classes available online free of charge since 2002 ; and the One Laptop per Child initiative to expand computer education and connectivity to children worldwide was launched in 2005.