According to the Jargon File, American hackers switched to what they later discovered to be the British quotation system because placing a period inside a quotation mark can change the meaning of data strings that are meant to be typed character-for-character.

The Signals and Power Subcommittee included most of the early TX-0 and PDP-1 computer hackers, and several people would later join the core of the MIT AI Lab staff.

Hours later, Anonymous hackers took down the f1-racers. net website after launching a distributed denial-of-service attack on it.

On the same day hackers carried through with their threats and took down the Orlando Chamber of Commerce site and a Universal Studios website in " Operation Orlando ," issuing a video statement later declaring a 48 hour cease fire on the condition that the city arrest no one for feeding the homeless, presumably on June 22.

The film begins with glimpses of Raymondo, a Linux IPO, Torvalds, the idea of Open Source, Perens, Stallman, then sets the historical stage in the early days of hackers and computer hobbyists when code was shared freely.

The club's members, who shared a passion to find out how things worked and then to master them, were among the first hackers.

However, since network news use of the term pertained primarily to the criminal activities despite this attempt by the technical community to preserve and distinguish the original meaning, the mainstream media and general public continue to describe computer criminals with all levels of technical sophistication as " hackers " and does not generally make use of the word in any of its non-criminal connotations.

* During the initial stages of the anti-Scientology campaign, Project Chanology, hackers and other members of an anonymous internet group Google-bombed the Church of Scientology's main website as the first match found when the term " Dangerous Cult " was searched.

On 15 June 2005 the hackers distributed the cracked code of the PSP on the internet.

One variant ( known as O ' Toole's Corollary of Finagle's Law ) favored among hackers is a takeoff on the second law of thermodynamics ( also known as entropy ):

Within the computer programmer subculture of hackers, the term hacker is also used for a programmer who reaches a goal by employing a series of modifications to extend existing code or resources.

There are some subtle overlaps, however, since basic knowledge about computer security is also common within the programmer subculture of hackers.

" Hello world " is also used by computer hackers as a proof of concept that arbitrary code can be executed through an exploit where the system designers did not intend code to be executed — for example, on Sony's PlayStation Portable.

However, Levy's hacker ethic also has often been quoted out of context and misunderstood to refer to hacking as in breaking into computers, and so many sources incorrectly imply that it is describing the ideals of white-hat hackers.

Levy also identified the " hardware hackers " ( the " second generation ", mostly centered in Silicon Valley ) and the " game hackers " ( or the " third generation ").

MIT hackers also used the PDP-1 for playing music in four-part harmony, using some special hardware — four flip-flops directly controlled by the processor ( the audio signal was filtered with simple RC filters ).

In Fourth Edition, with the setting change, deckers are replaced by hackers, who manipulate computer networks with augmented reality via ubiquitous commlinks ; they also tend to take over the rigger's role.

The term is also commonly used by hackers and programmers as a metasyntactic variable.

Not only securing the workstations connection to the server is important but also securing the files on the workstation ( client ) is important as it ensures that no hackers are able to reach the system.

Users may also be sharing their passwords in order to give the hackers access to confidential data ( Wilson, Lin, & Craske, 1999 ).

Anyone can be a Co-Founder, and an existing company can also be a Co-Founder, but frequently Co-Founders are entrepreneurs, hackers, venture capitalists, web developers, web designers and others involved in the ground level of a new, often high tech, venture.

Moreu also hung out with other young hackers being harassed by the government and began to figure out how it would translate into a film.

They also read a lot about computers and met with actual computer hackers.

He also wanted to present a more accurate view of hackers than the one most people had.

: Many of the hackers were also fascinated by the telephone companies and their exchange systems and would often go on tours the companies offered to learn as much about them as possible.

Many hackers were also anti-war, but they did not feel that what they were doing had any direct effect on the war.

The Stanford hackers could be just as eccentric however, and they also lived by the Hacker Ethic.

Pittman also wrote the essay “ Deus Ex Machina ” on the AI and hardware hackers and what tied them together.

Richard Stallman, also known as RMS as per his initials, was called by Levy the " last of the true hackers ".

It also sees occasional use as a metasyntactic variable by hackers.

Experts also believe that the worm was developed by a group who call themselves 29A, a group of international hackers, as a " proof of concept " worm in order to catch world attention.

" She also said, “ I would not rule out the possibility that this act was committed by the secret services, with the aid of hackers or pirates based in Tunisia or abroad.

This is the reason why some blackhat hackers do not publish their exploits but keep them private to themselves or other hackers.

As a result of these laws against computer criminality, white hat, grey hat and black hat hackers try to distinguish themselves from each other, depending on the legality of their activities.

People primarily known for their contributions to the consciousness of the programmer subculture of hackers include Richard Stallman, the founder of the free software movement and the GNU project, president of the Free Software Foundation and author of the famous Emacs text editor as well as the GNU Compiler Collection ( GCC ), and Eric S. Raymond, one of the founders of the Open Source Initiative and writer of the famous text The Cathedral and the Bazaar and many other essays, maintainer of the Jargon File ( which was previously maintained by Guy L. Steele, Jr .).

That is, people who apply the creative attitude of software hackers in fields other than computing.

This is because free and open source software allows hackers to get access to the source code used to create the software, to allow it to be improved or reused in other projects.

During the early days of computers and programming, the hackers at MIT would develop a program and share it with other computer users.

Other programs that could be built upon it and improved it were saved to tapes and added to a drawer of programs, readily accessible to all the other hackers.

In the second generation of hackers, sharing was about sharing with the general public in addition to sharing with other hackers.

In 1999, de Icaza, along with Nat Friedman, co-founded Helix Code, a GNOME-oriented free software company that employed a large number of other GNOME hackers.

The other was Lisp Machines, Inc., although Symbolics attracted most of the hackers, and more funding.

There are other meanings in other technical cultures ; among experimental physicists and hardware engineers it may designate any random object of unknown purpose ( similar to hackers ' use of frob ).

# Web Sit-ins: In this form of hacktivism, hackers attempt to send so much traffic to the site that the overwhelmed site becomes inaccessible to other users in a variation on a denial of service.

This, plus the investigation and prosecution of several hackers by the FBI, finally made the blue box and other phreaking equipment obsolete.

Cyberextortion is a form of cyberterrorism in which a website, e-mail server, or computer system is subjected to repeated denial of service or other attacks by malicious hackers, who demand money in return for promising to stop the attacks.

His program was further improved by the other hackers.

Just like many other hackers, he believed in the Hacker Ethic, and he would use any tools and make any modifications that he believed would improve the system.

ITS continued to be improved by Greenblatt and the other hackers in an open fashion.

While RMS was fighting to keep the Hacker Ethic going with the computers at MIT, Richard Greenblatt and other AI hackers came up with a LISP machine and sought to form a company to sell them.

Symbolics hired most of the lab hackers, and a schism was created between the two groups of hackers, to the point where some would not even talk to each other.