In fact several Popes were suspected of having a strong interest or practicing alchemy and it was only with Pope John XXII, who was himself suspected of being a magician, that sorcery became another form of heresy and thus liable of persecution by the Inquisition.

His work in this period became the subject of controversy, and many scholars have thought that Ockham was summoned before the Papal court of Avignon in 1324 under charges of heresy.

After Luther's death he became the " theological leader of the German Reformation ," not indisputably, however ; for the Lutherans with Matthias Flacius at their head accused him and his followers of heresy and apostasy.

Eusebius, a layman who later became the bishop of the neighbouring Dorylaeum was the first to accuse Nestorius of heresy but his most forceful opponent however was Patriarch Cyril of Alexandria.

It was on his orders that Priscillian and 6 companions became the first people in the history of Christianity to be executed for heresy, in this case of Priscillianism, by other Christians ( though the civil charges were for the practice of magic ), and their property was confiscated.

Its destruction has been attributed by some authors to, among others, Julius Caesar, Augustus Caesar, and Catholic zealots during the purge of the Arian heresy, Not surprisingly, the Great Library became a symbol of knowledge itself, and its destruction was attributed to those who were portrayed as ignorant barbarians, often for purely political reasons.

Eusebius, a layman who later became the bishop of the neighbouring Dorylaeum was the first to accuse Nestorius of heresy but his most forceful opponent however was Patriarch Cyril of Alexandria.

This Gnostic heresy became prevalent again in the second century.

With this declaration Monothelitism became heresy, and Maximus was posthumously declared innocent of all charges against him.

Protestantism became identified as " a religion of rebels ", helping the Catholic Church to define heresy.

; Dave Cook became National Organiser in 1975 ; Pete Carter prominent in UCATT ; Beatrix Campbell and Judith Hunt active in National Women ’ s Advisory ; Jacques, on the EC since 1967 and replacing James Klugmann on Marxism Today in 1977 ; Sarah Benton was a " heresy " favouring editor of Comment ; critics from the past, like Eric Hobsbawm and Monty Johnstone, got more influence.

Education became a high priority to protect the beleaguered group, reduce heresy and maintain group solidarity.

Johan's oldest son, Diederik Wier, became a jurist and diplomat, who in 1566-7, while employed by Willem IV van den Bergh, was involved in the " petitions of grievances about the suppression of heresy " by the Dutch nobility to Philip II of Spain, the rejection of which led to the Eighty Years ' War.

There is some evidence of a visit to Geneva in 1547 / 48 in which he became involved in a heresy trial.

On the death of the latter in 1797 the exasperation of the Misnagdim became so great that they resolved to libel and denounce the leaders of the Hasidim to the Russian government as dangerous agitators and teachers of heresy.

Since he was leaning strongly towards the reformist circles ( especially Calvinian and Arian / Polish brethren ), he became in danger of being accused of heresy and was ultimately stripped of his ecclesiastical titles and offices.

He became popularly known because of his trial for heresy in the 1870s, following the publication of an article in the Encyclopædia Britannica.

The Foster group became increasingly aware of the heresy in their midst and quickly called another factional meeting, however.

According to the caption of this picture, Aubriot became one of the first prisoners at Bastille under the pretext of heresy.

Christophe Plantin ( ca 1520-1589 ) of Touraine, trained as a bookbinder, fled from Paris, where at least one printer had recently been burned at the stake for heresy, for Antwerp, where he bound books, became a citizen, and by 1555 began to print books, at first for distribution by other publishers.

Roper became a convert to the Lutheran doctrine of Justification by Faith and spoke so freely of his belief that he was summoned to appear before Cardinal Wolsey on an accusation of heresy.

Even the governor of the colony, Henry Vane was a strong admirer of Mrs. Hutchinson, but he was voted out of office, and when John Winthrop became the governor strong measures were taken to " stamp out heresy and drive out the heretics.

His heresy was declared manifest, and by order of the Inquisition his body was taken from the coffin, dragged through the streets of Rome, and publicly burnt in the Campo di Fiore, together with his works, on 21 December 1624.

Additionally, Elihu's first spoken words are a confession of his youthful status, being much younger than the three canonical friends, including a claim to be speaking because he cannot bear to remain silent ; it has been suggested that this interesting statement may have been symbolic of a " younger " ( that is to say, later and interpolating ) writer, who has written Elihu's sermon to respond to what he views as morally and theologically scandalous statements being made within the book of Job, and creating the literary device of Elihu to provide what seemed to be a faith-based response to further refute heresy and provide a counter-argument, a need partially provided by God's ambiguous and unspecific response to Job at the end of the book.

Armstrong alluding to Gnosticism being a Hellenic philosophical heresy of sorts, which later engaged Christianity and Neoplatonism.

Many later Dominicans battled heresy as part of their apostolate.

The execution of a number of Protestant preachers, most notably the Lutheran influenced Patrick Hamilton in 1528 and later the proto-Calvinist George Wishart in 1546 who was burnt at the stake in St. Andrews by Cardinal Beaton for heresy, did nothing to stem the growth of these ideas.

It started in 12th-century France to persecute heresy, and was later expanded to other European countries.

His letters to Calvin were presented as evidence of heresy, but he denied having written them, and later said he was not sure it was his handwriting.

The Medieval Inquisition is a series of Inquisitions ( Catholic Church bodies charged with suppressing heresy ) from around 1184, including the Episcopal Inquisition ( 1184-1230s ) and later the Papal Inquisition ( 1230s ).

Torture was undoubtedly used in the trial of the Templars, but is in fact not much found in heresy trials until the later fourteenth century.

Nestorius ' opponents found his teaching too close to the heresy of adoptionism – the idea that Christ had been born a man who had later been " adopted " as God's son.

* 1307 – Hundreds of Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into a " confession " of heresy.

He wrote his trinitarian formula after becoming a Montanist ; his ideas were at first rejected as heresy by the church at large, but later accepted as Christian orthodoxy.

* October 13 – Friday the 13th: All Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into " confessing " heresy.

Three months later Louis published a decree declaring " Jacque de Cahors " ( Pope John XXII ) deposed on grounds of heresy.

After a brief term as procurator of his order, he was attached to the Spanish legation headed by Ugo Cardinal Boncampagni ( later Pope Gregory XIII ) in 1565, which was sent to investigate a charge of heresy levelled against Bartolomé Carranza, Archbishop of Toledo.

A bill of attainder containing a long list of indictments, including treason, heresy, corruption, and plotting to marry Princess Mary, was introduced into the House of Lords a week later, and was passed on 29 June 1540.

Four years later, Photios was to respond on his own part by calling a Council and excommunicating the pope on grounds of heresy – over the question of the double procession of the Holy Spirit.

The manuals of the Roman Catholic Inquisition remained highly sceptical of the witch craze and of witch accusations, although there was sometimes an overlap between accusations of heresy and of witchcraft, particularly when, in the 13th century, the newly-formed Inquisition was commissioned to deal with the Manichaean Cathars of Southern France, whose teachings had an admixture of witchcraft and magic, and who had embarked upon campaigns of murder against their fellow citizens in France, not excluding prelates and ambassadors and whose ally, the Cathar King Pedro II of Aragon, later invaded Southern France with an army of 50, 000.

On Friday, 13 October 1307, hundreds of Templars in France were simultaneously arrested by agents of Philip the Fair, to be later tortured into admitting heresy in the Order.

Scholarios later defended Aristotle and convinced the Byzantine emperor Manuel II Palaiologos that Plethon's support for Plato amounted to heresy.

Priscillianism is a Christian doctrine developed in the Iberian Peninsula ( the Roman Hispania ) in the 4th century by Priscillian, derived from the Gnostic-Manichaean doctrines taught by Marcus, an Egyptian from Memphis, and later considered a heresy by the both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.

Supporting historical characters include the old Pharaoh Amenhotep III and his conniving favorite wife Tiy, the wife of Akhenaten Nefertiti, the listless young Tutankhamun ( King Tut ) who succeeded as Pharaoh after Akhenaten's downfall, and the two common-born successors who were, according to this author, integral parts of the rise and fall of the Amarna heresy of Akhenaten, the priest and later Pharaoh Ay, and the warrior-general and then finally Pharaoh Horemheb.

Some commentators like Anatolius and John S. Romanides argue that Dioscorus was not deposed for heresy but for " grave administrative errors " at Ephesus II, among which they mention his restoration of Eutyches, his attack on Flavian, and afterwards, his excommunication of Pope Leo I. Defenders of Dioscuros argue that Eutyches was orthodox at the time of his restoration and only later relapsed into heresy, that Flavian was a Nestorian and that Pope Leo had supported Nestorianism.