* 1722 – Robert Beverley, Jr., American historian ( b. 1673 )

* Business historian Robert Sobel wrote For Want of a Nail, a fictional history of an alternate North America which included hundreds of fictional footnotes and a bibliography listing over a hundred fictional histories and biographies.

Chess historian Edward Winter has questioned this, stating that the earliest known sources that support this story are an article by Robert Lewis Taylor in the June 15, 1940, issue of The New Yorker and Marshall's autobiography My 50 Years of Chess ( 1942 ).

Robert S. Wistrich, a historian specializing in the study of anti-Semitism, described Hezbollah's ideology concerning Jews: " The anti-Semitism of Hezbollah leaders and spokesmen combines the image of seemingly invincible Jewish power ... and cunning with the contempt normally reserved for weak and cowardly enemies.

The British historian Joseph Needham and the American historian Robert Temple write that the practice of inoculation for smallpox began in China during the 10th century.

* 1932 – Robert Osborne, American historian

Another well-known theory, first proposed by the historian L. V. D. Owen in 1936 and more recently floated by J. C. Holt and others, is that the original Robin Hood might be identified with an outlawed Robert Hood, or Hod, or Hobbehod, all apparently the same man, referred to in nine successive Yorkshire Pipe Rolls between 1226 and 1234.

Australian historian Robert Manne suggests " approximately 20, 000 to 25, 000 " were removed between 1910 and 1970, based on the Australian Bureau of Statistics report of 1994.

* January 28 – Robert von Dassanowsky, American cultural historian, writer, and producer

* March 21 – Robert Wodrow, Scottish historian ( b. 1679 )

* April 21 – Robert Beverley, Jr., historian of Colonial Virginia ( b. 1673 )

The historian Robert Mantran argues that from this point of view it was successful-from this point on, the Muslims were no longer primarily concerned with survival but with expansion and conquest.

Prominent among the candidates for the papacy were the great historian Baronius and the famous Jesuit controversialist Robert Bellarmine.

* The historian and naturalist, Robert Plot, publishes his Natural history of Staffordshire, a collection of illustrations and texts detailing the history of the county.

Architectural historian Robert L. Thorp points out the scarcity of Han-era archaeological remains, and claims that often unreliable Han-era literary and artistic sources are used by historians for clues about lost Han architecture.

According to historian Robert Nisbet Bain, it was one of Elizabeth ’ s “ chief glories that, so far as she was able, she put a stop to that mischievous contention of rival ambitions at Court, which had disgraced the reigns of Peter II, Anne and Ivan VI, and enabled foreign powers to freely interfere in the domestic affairs of Russia .” She was also deeply religious, passing several pieces of legislation that undid much of the work her father had done to limit the power of the church.

Film historian Robert Osborne notes that his makeup skills were so creative, that for most of his roles, " he transformed his appearance so completely, he was dubbed ' the New Lon Chaney.

According to historian Robert Brugger, "... the measure marked a notable departure from Old World oppression.

Military historian Robert W. Martin considers Tours " one of the most decisive battles in all of history.

* Robert Blake, Baron Blake ( 1916 – 2003 ), British historian

According to the historian and poet John Barbour, King Robert Bruce rebuked the folly of his brother, even though Dundee had probably fallen to the Scots through a similar arrangement in 1312.

In what historian Robert R. Russell calls the " Calhoun Doctrine ," Calhoun argued that the Federal Government's role in the territories was only that of the trustee or agent of the several sovereign states: it was obliged not to discriminate among the states and hence was incapable of forbidding the bringing into any territory of anything that was legal property in any state.

According to historian Robert Sobel, " Factory payrolls, construction contracts, and industrial production all increased sharply.

Noted historian Robert Remini wrote, " hey presumed that once the Indians adopted the practice of private property, built homes, farmed, educated their children, and embraced Christianity, these Native Americans would win acceptance from white Americans.

Leading historians of the period who testified as " experts " during the trial included Jean-Pierre Azéma, André Kaspi, Marc-Olivier Baruch, Henry Rousso, Denis Peschanski, Maurice Rajsfus, René Rémond, Jacques Delarue, Henri Amouroux, Michel Bergès, as well as US historian Robert Paxton and Swiss historian Philippe Burin.

* Robert Paxton ( born 1932 ), American historian

Mathematical historian Eric Temple Bell estimated that, had Gauss published all of his discoveries in a timely manner, he would have advanced mathematics by fifty years.

The historian David Boyle has estimated this sum as being equivalent to around £ 2 bn at 2011 prices.

Fred Graffen, military historian with the Canadian War Museum, estimated in Vietnam Magazine ( Perspectives ) that approximately 12, 000 of these personnel actually served in Vietnam.

A 2001 study by the Russian military historian G. F. Krivosheev estimated the total war dead at 2, 254, 369 ( Killed in action 1, 200, 000 ; missing and presumed dead 439, 369 ; died of wounds 240, 000, gassed 11, 000., died from disease 155, 000, POW deaths 190, 000, deaths due to accidents and other causes. 19, 000.

The historian Henri Lapeyre estimated that this affected 300, 000 out of an estimated total of 8 million inhabitants.

On September 10, 1960, he hit a ball left-handed that cleared the right-field roof at Tiger Stadium in Detroit and, based on where it was found, was estimated years later by historian Mark Gallagher to have traveled 643 feet ( 196 m ).

Australian architectural historian John James, who made a detailed study of the cathedral, has estimated that there were about 300 men working on the site at any one time, although it has to be acknowledged that our knowledge of working practices at this time is somewhat limited.

These changes in the church's practices and beliefs were very controversial, leading to the formation of breakaway churches such as the Remnant Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints ; in 1994, former church historian Richard P. Howard estimated that 25, 000 members had left to join such groups.

Des Arc was partly destroyed, and a historian estimated that there were not more than 15 horses left in the county when the war was over.

The historian Hernando del Pulgar, contemporary of Ferdinand and Isabella, estimated that the Spanish Inquisition had burned at the stake 2, 000 people by 1490 ( just one decade after the Inquisition began ).

Dr. Sybil Milton, a historian at the U. S. Holocaust Memorial Research Institute, estimated the number of lives lost as " something between a half-million and a million-and-a-half ".

Although the LDS church held considerable real estate, estimated at approximately $ 60, 000 in equity by historian Larry T. Wimmer, it also needed liquidity to repay outstanding loans.

The exact number of killed, wounded and captured is unknown, although historian Carlo D ' Este estimated well over 400 Rangers became POWs.

Art historian Ralph Nicholson Wornum estimated that Stothard's designs number five thousand and, of these, about three thousand were engraved.

The German Army historian Dr. Rüdiger Overmans published a study in 2000 that estimated German military dead and missing at 5. 3 million.

One historian has estimated the actual strength of the organization in 1900 at approximately 50 functioning branches with an active membership of around 1, 000.

Canadian historian James Bacque estimated the total number of deaths to approximately one million, and a mortality rate of 30 %.

Other estimates are higher: Arab historian Aref al Aref estimated 400, and Nimr al Khatib 1700.

Economic historian Álvaro Pereira estimated that of Lisbon's population of approximately 200, 000 people, some 30, 000 – 40, 000 were killed.

According to historian Michael Kort, " During 1919 and 1920, out of a population of approximately 1. 5 million Don Cossacks, the Bolshevik regime killed or deported an estimated 300, 000 to 500, 000 ".

In 1770, there were an estimated 500 Lake Miwok, 1, 500 Coast Miwok, and 9, 000 Plains and Sierra Miwok, totaling about 11, 000 people, according to historian Alfred L. Kroeber, although this may be a serious undercount ; for example, he did not identify the Bay Miwok.

It is estimated that roughly half the pieces of the Buddhas can be put back together according to Bert Praxenthaler, a German art historian and sculptor involved in the restoration.

The historian Carol Wilson documented 300 such cases in Freedom at Risk ( 1994 ) and estimated there were likely thousands more.