Crimes and Mercies met with far less hostility from historians, who acknowledge the deaths of hundreds of thousands of German soldiers and civilians held in Soviet captivity, and possibly up to two million civilians who died in the mass expulsions of Germans from East Prussia, eastern Brandenburg, Pomerania, western Poland, Silesia, the Sudetenland and Romania.

The high-handed imposition of land reforms in Poland aroused hostility among the landed nobles and a group of young radical intellectuals influenced by Karl Marx and the Russian liberal Alexander Herzen.

As a consequence, the excellent relations between the Empire and Poland marked by the Congress of Gniezno turned into a state of hostility that soon emerged into a German-Polish War which finally ended with the 1018 Peace of Bautzen.

After Poland ’ s liberation, the few surviving Mielezer Jews who returned found it impossible to rebuild their lives there due to hostility and threats of death from the Polish residents.

Seeckt saw Poland as the main enemy and the Soviet Union as a very useful ally against Poland, so he viewed Goltz's anti-Communist schemes with some hostility.

Władysław Gomułka saw it as clearly aimed at countering his propaganda, which saw West Germany as the main external enemy of Poland and hostility between Poland and West Germany as one of the main guarantees of social order in the Recovered Territories.

Jewish immigration to the United States peaked in the period 1880 – 1924, with the immigrants arriving from Russia and countries in Eastern Europe ; this was also a period of nativism ( hostility to immigrants ) in the United States.

Conservative Melbourne newspaper the Herald Sun reacted with hostility to a Premier from the socialist left, dubbing her " Mother Russia " and other pejorative names.

All parties recognised the hostility of public opinion to war or military preparations, and the difficulty of acting without a readiness on the part of America or Russia to play their part ( the Labour party was to oppose rearmament until well after Munich ).

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland first ignored Prussia's hostility, but when it joined the pro-French coalition of armed ' neutral ' powers such as Denmark-Norway and Russia, Britain started to capture Prussian sea vessels.

Lenin argued that Marxism's complexity and the hostility of the establishment ( the bourgeois state or, in the case of Imperial Russia, the feudal state ) required a close-knit group of individuals — the vanguard — to safeguard the revolutionary ideology.

Plekhanov left Russia again after the October Revolution due to his hostility to the Bolsheviks.

Demosthenes acts as a demagogue, stirring up hostility towards governments in the Second Warsaw Pact, especially Russia ; Locke, meanwhile, takes a more empathic and high-minded role, calling for communication between the two nations.

Billington describes Fomenko as ascribing the belief in past hostility between Russia and the Mongols to the influence of Western historians.

More recently, some Meskhetian Turks in Russia, especially those in Krasnodar, have faced hostility from the local population.

The hostility to Russia manifested by Poles was the base of German sympathy towards Polish aspiration during the initial phase of the Uprising.

Serbia received financial assistance ; a large consignment of arms was sent openly from St. Petersburg to the prince of Montenegro ; Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria became ostensibly reconciled with the Russian emperor, and his son Boris was received into the Eastern Orthodox Church ; the Russian embassy at Constantinople tried to bring about a reconciliation between the Bulgarian exarch and the ecumenical patriarch ; Bulgarians and Serbians professed, at the bidding of Russia, to lay aside their mutual hostility.

With rising German hostility and naval expansion, and the Dual Alliance between France and Russia the result was that Britain's politicians became more concerned with the international situation.

It is generally believed that the savage reprisal was prompted primarily by Elizaveta's personal jealousy of Lopukhina's beauty and hostility towards the Mons family, who had blocked the ascension of her mother Catherine I of Russia to the throne.

The hippie culture, which started in the latter half of the 1960s, waned by the early 1970s and faded towards the middle part of the decade, which involved opposition to the Vietnam War, opposition to nuclear weapons, the advocacy of world peace, and hostility to the authority of government and big business.

By late 1517 he had managed to earn the enduring hostility of the Queen Mother, a former ally, and in subsequent years became manifestly involved in political manoeuvring against the Regent Albany.

The expedition involved crossing of mountainous terrain lacking roads or bridges occupied by local people with a known history of hostility towards outsiders.

Cases of implacable hostility are increasingly being seen as domestic violence and as a human rights abuse if not recognised by agencies involved, although it is important not to classify hostility as implacable if it is itself justified by domestic violence perpetrated by the other parent.

In 1978 there was a first try with a Mini-Queima, with only a few faculties involved and having to stand fierce hostility.

The marriage encountered some hostility at the time, as it involved the marriage of an Aboriginal man to a European woman.

The Eóganacht Locha Léin were themselves often viewed by the " inner circle " with surprisingly vicious hostility, and this somehow involved a connection to the Picts of Scotland.

These conditions ( for instance, the laws of armed conflict ) are placed on war by those who fight it, and exist because the intelligence of the civilized nations involved exercises greater influence on their methods of fighting war than does their instinctive hostility.

First type includes adolescents who are overly aggressive: they tend to get into fights, get involved in antisocial activities, and are often involved in bullying ; second type includes adolescents who are withdrawn or timid and exceedingly shy and inhibited and who are more likely to be victims ; third-aggressive-withdrawn-type adolescents tend to have trouble controlling their hostility, but they are also very shy and nervous about initiating friendships.

Although he appears honestly to have accepted this judgment, the hostility of his opponents did not cease until at last ( 1806 ) he was compelled to accept a canonry at St Stephens, Vienna, which involved the resignation of his chair.

Landesco thought him `` just a superior sort of plugugly '' but he was, in fact, with his aggression and hostility, and nerveless indifference to risking or administering pain, a casebook psychopath.

This reflected Churchill's concern with security, and his distrust of and hostility to communism, even during the alliance imposed on him by the Nazi threat.

Constantius II is a particularly difficult figure to judge properly, mainly as a result of the hostility of most sources that mentions him.

The public role adopted by Sir John Kerr was curtailed considerably after the constitutional crisis of 1975 ; Sir William Deane's public statements on political issues produced some hostility towards him ; and some charities disassociated themselves from Peter Hollingworth after the issue of his management of sex abuse cases during his time as Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane became a matter of controversy.

A weak man who preferred to engage in activities like thatching and ditch-digging rather than jousting, hunting, or the usual entertainments of kings, he spent most of his reign trying in vain to control the nobility, who in return showed continual hostility to him.

The resulting inclination of these women to the monastic life and from the indulgent lasciviousness in Rome, and his unsparing criticism of the secular clergy of Rome, brought a growing hostility against him among the Roman clergy and their supporters.

The following year he founded the clandestine newspaper Sardegna libera (" Free Sardinia ") which attracted him the hostility of the Fascist regime.

There is little hint of native hostility ; the Celts and the Germans appear to have helped him, which suggests that the expedition was put forward as purely scientific.

In 1728 an overly aggressive Company governor united the Africans and Afro-Portuguese in hostility to him ; they burnt down the Bunce Island fort and it was not rebuilt until about 1750.

However, he aroused the hostility of Sparta by ordering Athens to be re-fortified, and his perceived arrogance began to alienate him from the Athenians.

At the age of 41, Chirac stood out as the very model of the jeunes loups (" young wolves ") of French politics, but he was faced with the hostility of the " Barons of Gaullism " who considered him a traitor for his role during the previous presidential campaign.

He is accepted by the Roman Senate, but taxes the rich aristocracy heavily and engenders such hostility among them that they plot against him.

Early strife with his aunt and grandmother left him with a permanent, uncompromising hostility toward religious solutions to everyday problems.

This however earned him the hostility of reformers working for the re-establishment of traditional chant in liturgy.

It brought the poet in his own time the hostility of its victims and their sympathizers, who pursued him implacably from then on with a few damaging truths and a host of slanders and lies ...".

The Rabbis, playing on the name Balaam, call him " Belo ' Am " ( without people ; that is, without a share with the people in the world to come ), or " Billa ' ' Am " ( one that ruined a people ); and this hostility against his memory finds its climax in the dictum that whenever one discovers a feature of wickedness or disgrace in his life, one should preach about it ( Sanh.

His support for Greece and hostility to the Turks during the World War had gained him an appointment to the Koraes Chair of Modern Greek and Byzantine History at the University of London.

Whilst Frederick's seeming bloodless recovery of Jerusalem for the cross brought him great prestige in some European circles, his decision to complete the crusade while excommunicated provoked Church hostility.

However, he attracted the hostility of the other monks at the abbey, prompting him to move to Arezzo, a town which had no abbey, but which did have a large group of cathedral singers, whose training Bishop Tedald invited him to conduct.

Hayes himself is portrayed as a man who is very taken aback by his wife's hostility towards Sarah, and keeps making the same speech over and over again, even when there is no one there to listen to him.

The impartiality of his censures, which he directed not only against the prevailing sins of the laity, but also against heresy, simony, avarice, and impurity among the secular and regular clergy, provoked the hostility of the clergy, and accusations of heterodoxy were brought against him.

Though Buffy is disgusted by this, her hostility towards him fades considerably when she learns that Spike refused, even under intense torture, to reveal the identity of The Key to Glory, nearly laying down his life to protect Buffy's sister Dawn.