So when textbooks, like that of Baker set out drawings of the ' Ptolemaic System ', complete with earth in the center and the seven heavenly bodies epicyclically arranged on their several deferents, we have nothing but a misleading 20th-century idea of what never existed historically.

In the Rigveda, earth and sky are frequently addressed as a duality, often indicated by the idea of two complementary " half-shells.

He is best known as the author of Principles of Geology, which popularised James Hutton's concepts of uniformitarianism – the idea that the earth was shaped by the same processes still in operation today.

He was, along with the earlier John Playfair, the major advocate of James Hutton's idea of uniformitarianism, that the earth was shaped entirely by slow-moving forces still in operation today, acting over a very long period of time.

He puts forward the idea that when men have the opportunity to possess property and work on it, they will “ learn to love the very soil which yields in response to the labor of their hands, not only food to eat, but an abundance of the good things for themselves and those that are dear to them .” He states also that owning property is not only beneficial for a person and their family, but is in fact a right, due to God having “... given the earth for the use and enjoyment of the whole human race ”.

Chinese astronomers, many of them brilliant men by any standards, continued to think in flat-earth terms until the seventeenth century ; this surprising fact might be the starting-point for a re-examination of the apparent facility with which the idea of a spherical earth found acceptance in fifth-century B. C.

The idea of a subterranean realm is also mentioned in the Vedic texts such as the Puranas, according to one story in the Puranas there is an ancient city called Shamballa which is located inside the earth, the belief in Shamballa as a city inside the earth is also found in Tibetan Buddhism.

A book allegedly by a " Dr. Raymond Bernard " which appeared in 1964, The Hollow Earth, exemplifies the idea of UFOs coming from inside the earth.

The writer David Hatcher Childress authored Lost Continents and the Hollow Earth ( 1998 ) in which he reprinted the stories of Palmer and defended the hollow earth idea based on alleged tunnel systems beneath South America and central Asia.

However, a new translation of two stanzas of the Rig Veda indicate that the Brahmins may have had the idea, common among small-scale societies around the world, that an individual cycles back and forth between the earth and a heavenly realm of ancestors.

However, his mockery of the idea of a round earth was criticised by Copernicus as " childish ".

The US military studied the idea of what was referred to as the earth satellite vehicle when Secretary of Defense, James Forrestal, made a public announcement on December 29, 1948 that his office was coordinating that project between the various services.

The idea of a post-tribulation rapture can also be read into 2 Peter 3: 10-13 where Christ's return is equated with the " elements being melted " and " the earth also and the works therein shall be burned up.

Another feature of the pre-and mid-tribulation beliefs is the idea that after the Rapture, Christ will return for a third time ( when also counting the first coming ) to set up his kingdom on the earth.

Many UUs reject the idea of deities and instead speak of the " spirit of life " that binds all life on earth.

He drew his explanations from field studies conducted directly before he went to work on the founding geology text, and developed Hutton's idea that the earth was shaped entirely by slow-moving forces still in operation today, acting over a very long period of time.

* Vapor canopy, creationist idea that earth was surrounded by a " canopy " of water

Pyrrha is distraught at the idea of desecrating her mother ’ s honor by digging up her bones, but Deucalion correctly reasons that Themis is referring to great mother earth, as Themis would never advise someone to commit a crime.

The Church has always fought against this idea, beginning with its 1st and 2nd century controversies with the Gnostics of that day, including the assertion that Jesus is identified as an embodiment of the supreme being who became incarnate to bring gnōsis to the earth, as held by some Gnostic sects.

This idea is not limited to western practice: the ancient Chinese categorized instruments into eight categories of materials ( silk, bamboo, wood, gourd, earth, stone, metal, and skin ).

" which argued that the " Bible, alongside our senses, supported the idea that the earth was flat and immovable and this essential truth should not be set aside for a system based solely on human conjecture ".

His writings reflected a combination of what has been called meta-history ( ultimate redemption ) and history, including the idea that part of the problem on earth was dishonesty not only among individuals, but also among nations.

Accordingly, it is a fact, as far as I am informed, that England was, until we copied her, the only country on earth which ever, by a general law, gave a legal right to the exclusive use of an idea.

The senior policy officer may be moved to think hard about a problem by any of an infinite variety of stimuli: an idea in his own head, the suggestions of a colleague, a question from the Secretary or the President, a proposal by another department, a communication from a foreign government or an American ambassador abroad, the filing of an item for the agenda of the United Nations or of any other of dozens of international bodies, a news item read at the breakfast table, a question to the President or the Secretary at a news conference, a speech by a Senator or Congressman, an article in a periodical, a resolution from a national organization, a request for assistance from some private American interests abroad, et cetera, ad infinitum.

The Greek words " ida " ( οίδα: know ) and " idos " ( είδος: species ) have the same root as the word " idea " ( ιδέα ), indicating how the Greek mind moved from the gift of the senses, to the principles beyond the senses.

The animistic idea as the representation of the imaginative reality, is sanctified in the Homeric poems and in Greek myths, in stories of the god Hephaestus ( Phaistos ) and the mythic Daedalus ( the builder of the labyrinth ) that made images which moved of their own accord.

Princeton class of 1882 graduate Thomas Peebles moved to Minnesota in 1884, and transplanted the idea of organized crowds cheering at football games to the University of Minnesota.

Historical materialism builds upon the idea that became current in philosophy from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries that the development of human society has moved through a series of stages, from hunting and gathering, through pastoralism and cultivation, to commercial society.

Eisenstein's solution was to shun narrative structure by eliminating the individual protagonist and tell stories where the action is moved by the group and the story is told through a clash of one image against the next ( whether in composition, motion, or idea ) so that the audience is never lulled into believing that they are watching something that has not been worked over.

In 1981, Hall moved to a product planning position with Mazda USA and again met Yamamoto, now chairman of Mazda Motors, who remembered their conversation about a roadster and in 1982 gave Hall the go-ahead to research the idea further.

Even the idea and concept behind the Ampera was rooted in Opel with Frank Weber, the former " Global Vehicle Line Executive and Global Chief Engineer electric vehicle development ," being originally an Opel employee who was moved to the USA in order to advance the development of this concept in GM's home country instead of the German outpost that is Opel.

But Diller believed strongly in the concept, and so took his fourth-network idea with him when he moved to 20th Century Fox in 1984, where Fox's then freshly installed proprietor, Rupert Murdoch was a more interested listener.

DeMause and the psychohistorians respond that their detractors are not largely moved by evidence, but rather are unconsciously motivated to attack those who would challenge the idea of " good parenting " even in very primitive tribes or cultures.

* The replacement of the Aristotelian idea that heavy bodies, by their nature, moved straight down toward their natural places ; that light bodies, by their nature, moved straight up toward their natural place ; and that ethereal bodies, by their nature, moved in unchanging circular motions with the idea that all bodies are heavy and move according to the same physical laws

Fascinated by the idea of refusing to cooperate with an evil system, I was so deeply moved that I reread the work several times.

He abandoned this idea after being criticised in Welsh newspapers for bringing about the defeat of the Liberal Party in the 1895 election and when, at a meeting in Newport on 16 January 1896, the South Wales Liberal Federation, led by David Alfred Thomas and Robert Bird moved that he be not heard.

Gen. John Bell Hood moved forward against the troops of the Union V Corps, and Longstreet withdrew them at 8: 30 p. m., having a better idea of the terrain and enemy soldiers in the area.

To avoid a war with the Chiss, Leia suggests to " UnuThul " ( as Raynar was now known ) that the Killik nest be moved to a new planet, but makes him think it is his idea.

Following the successes of his trial-run games, Foster moved ahead with his idea for arena football.

Erech became temporarily viewed as the landing-place of Isildur and was consequently moved from the sources of Morthond, first in between the mouths of Anduin and Lamedui, then to north-west of the Cobas Haven, and finally returned to its original site with the abandonment of this idea.

Britten wrote Albert Herring for the English Opera Group in 1947, and it was while on tour that Pears came up with the idea of mounting a Festival in the small Suffolk seaside town of Aldeburgh, six miles from Snape, where Britten had now moved to a house on Crag Path.

On 25 January, the Joint Intelligence Committee expressed support for the idea, as it tied in with the ULTRA-based intelligence that dozens of German divisions which had been deployed in the west were being moved to reinforce the Eastern Front and that the interdiction of these troop movements should be given a high priority.