Usually the work studied offers us a special or even an individualized rendering or treatment of the ideas in question, so that the student finds it necessary to distinguish carefully between the several expressions of an `` -ism '' or mode of thought.

From the date of his Censorship ( 184 BC ) to his death in 149 BC, Cato held no public office, but continued to distinguish himself in the senate as the persistent opponent of the new ideas.

If modern mathematical practices are what distinguish modern professional mathematicians from older ideas of folk mathematics.

His discussions with the lady had convinced him that to clear up such questions it was necessary to study our senses separately, to distinguish precisely what ideas we owe to each sense, to observe how the senses are trained, and how one sense aids another.

The special symbol for English r is not used, for it is not meaningful to distinguish it from a rolled r. The differences in the letter e reflect claims as to what the essential difference is between the vowels of pretzel and pray ; there are half a dozen ideas in the literature as to what this may be.

:" The birth of the modern Romanian state must distinguish two main currents-one exuberant but superficial, based on liberal ideas which depart from Paris to Bucharest and Iași.

His ideas were influenced by the Chinese intellectual Wang Yangming ( Ō Yōmei in Japanese ), who had argued for innate knowing, that mankind had a naturally intuitive ( as opposed to rational ) ability to distinguish good and evil.

Gerrard Winstanley and 14 others published a pamphlet in which they called themselves the True Levellers to distinguish their ideas from those of the Levellers.

These revolutionizing ideas of Wang Yangming would later inspire prominent Japanese thinkers like Motoori Norinaga, who argued that because of the Shinto deities, Japanese people alone had the intuitive ability to distinguish good and evil without complex rationalization.

It explains methods to help distinguish between ideas that are considered valid science, and ideas that can be considered pseudoscience.

From the secularists ’ point of view it was possible to distinguish between political ideas and structures that were religious and those that were not, but Catholic theologians in the mainstream argued, following St. Thomas Aquinas, that such a distinction was not possible, inasmuch as all aspects of society were to be organized with the final goal of Heaven in mind.

Yrigoyen ( he signed that way to distinguish himself from Bernardo de Irigoyen's political ideas ) was popularly known as " el peludo " ( the hairy armadillo ) due to his introverted character and aversion to being seen in public.

In his article in ComputerWoche, Ulrich Kampffmeyer distilled ECM to three key ideas that distinguish such solutions from Web content management:

Ethiopianist refers to those who adhered to the ideas of Ethiopianism, to distinguish them from those who live in Ethiopia, or who belong to the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church.

James Sharpe, in The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft: the Western Tradition, states: " Folklorists began their investigations in the 19th Century found that familiars figured prominently in ideas about witchcraft.

In this sense, Bakhtin's " dialogic " is analogous to T. S. Eliot's ideas in " Tradition and the Individual Talent ," where he holds that " the past should be altered by the present as much as the present is directed by the past.

The Northern Sudanians developed religious ideas strikingly different from the nontheistic beliefs we attributed ( in chapter 2 ) to their ancestors in the earlier Middle Nile Tradition.

Tradition within the Tracy family suggests that he assisted Samuel F. B. Morse with the development of the Morse code when in New York, despite Morse's well-known unorthodox ideas.

Tradition originating from The History of Gruffydd ap Cynan attributes Gruffydd I as reforming the orders of bards and musicians ; Welsh literature demonstrated " vigor and a sense of commitment " as new ideas reached Wales, even in " the wake of the invaders ", according to historian John Davies.

Albert Einstein, in 1922, said regarding contemporary theories of superconductivity that “ with our far-reaching ignorance of the quantum mechanics of composite systems we are very far from being able to compose a theory out of these vague ideas ”

According to Jacques Ellul, “ the aim is not to even modify people ’ s ideas on a given subject, rather, it is to achieve conformity in the way that people act.

Locke first speculated, “ truth and knowledge … are out of observation and experience rather than manipulation of accepted or given ideas “ ( Locke as cited in Hayes, 2007, p. 2 ).

While some people prefer to link the two ideas of “ open source software ” and “ free software ” together, it is important to understand the difference because they offer two separate ideas and values.

Janet Bergstrom ’ s article “ Enunciation and Sexual Difference ” ( 1979 ) uses Sigmund Freud ’ s ideas of bisexual responses, arguing that women are capable of identifying with male characters and men with women characters, either successively or simultaneously.

Rimlinger, one cannot speak of “ fascist social policy ” as a single concept with logical and internally consistent ideas and common identifiable goals.

In 1989, the Garland Publishing Company brought out a 15-volume collection of major works on Berkeley ; Pappas ' paper “ Abstract ideas and the ' esse is percipi ' thesis ” was included in the third volume, as it was considered to be a significant contribution to Berkeley scholarship.

The five pieces in Chants d ' Espagne, ( Songs of Spain, published in 1892 ) are a solid example of the compositional ideas he was exploring in the “ middle period ” of his life.

A. Hobson identifies this justification: “ It is desirable that the earth should be peopled, governed, and developed, as far as possible, by the races which can do this work best, i. e. by the races of highest ' social efficiency '.” This is clearly the racial argument, which pays heed to other ideas such as the “ White Man ’ s Burden ” prevalent at the turn of the twentieth century.

Punch historian M. H. Spielmann, who knew Tenniel, understood that the political clout contained in his Punch cartoons was capable of “ swaying parties and people, too … ( the cartoons ) exercised great influence ” on the ideas of popular reform skirting throughout the British public.

The first university in modern India was setup by the British in Calcutta in 1861 as a means of spreading western philosophical thought among the elite in India and to create in the words of Lord Macaulcay, “ a class of Indians who would be Indian in blood and colour but western in thought and ideas .” This initiative was furthered by the passing of the Universities Act of 1904.

Thus, in Bakunin ’ s words: “ All that individuals can do is to clarify, propagate, and work out ideas corresponding to the popular instinct ”.

He goes on, in subsequent Critiques and other works, to demonstrate his model for the proper use of concepts like “ God ” “ the Good ,” and “ the beautiful ,” effecting the most radical re-evaluation of these ideas since Plato, and changing forever the course of western philosophy.

Two similar ideas are " Functional Overlapping Competing Jurisdictions " ( FOCJ ) advocated by Swiss economists Bruno Frey and Reiner Eichenberger and “ multigovernment ” advocated by Le Grand E. Day and others.

By exploring ideas about Roman loyalty, Greek deceit, and differences in ethnicity, “ Plautus in a sense surpassed his model .” He was not content to rest solely on a loyal adaptation that, while amusing, was not new or engaging for Rome.

He wanted to show ideas of humanism and thought that cannot be seen by the eye, but “ must be digested by the mind ”.

Del Centina states that “ after almost two hundred years her ideas were still central ”, but ultimately her method did not work.

It has been claimed that Paley was not a very original thinker and that the philosophical part of his treatise on ethics is “ an assemblage of ideas developed by others and is presented to be learned by students rather than debated by colleagues .” Nevertheless, his book The Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy ( 1785 ) was a required text at Cambridge and Smith says that Paley ’ s writings were “ once as well known in American colleges as were the readers and spellers of William McGuffey and Noah Webster in the elementary schools .” Although now largely missing from the philosophical canon, Schneewind writes that " utilitarianism first became widely known in England through the work of William Paley.

)… all this will be futile and of little consequence if the ideas conveyed by these words themselves are not witty or elegant to the requirements of the situation ” ( Graham 49 ).

Later on when Foucault went to Iran “ to be there at the birth of a new form of ideas ,” he wrote that the new “ Muslim ” style of politics could signal the beginning of a new form of “ political spirituality ,” not just for the Middle East, but also for Europe, which had adopted the practice of secular politics ever since the French Revolution.

However, the discipline of intellectual history as it is now understood emerged only in the immediate postwar period, in its earlier incarnation as “ the history of ideas ” under the leadership of Arthur Lovejoy, the founder of the Journal of the History of Ideas.

Since that time, Lovejoy ’ s formulation of “ unit-ideas ” has been discredited and replaced by more nuanced and more historically sensitive accounts of intellectual activity, and this shift is reflected in the replacement of the phrase history of ideas by intellectual history.

With colleagues Norman Mineta, Leon Panetta and Dick Gephardt, he was part of “ The Gang of Four ” on the House Budget Committee challenging the budget process with bipartisan budget ideas, and developing a high technology and alternative budget in 1982.

Lem himself observed that neither feature movie much depicts the extraordinary physical and psychological “ alienness ” of the Solaris ocean: “ I only wanted to create a vision of a human encounter with something that certainly exists, in a mighty manner perhaps, but cannot be reduced to human concepts, ideas or images ”.

The New York writer Paul Goodman, who was co-founder with Fritz Perls of the Gestalt method of psychotherapy, one of the most popular in the world today, and one that makes Otto Rank's " here-and-now " central to its approach, described Rank ’ s post-Freudian ideas on art and creativity as “ beyond praise ” in Gestalt Therapy ( Perls, Goodman and Hefferline, 1951, p. 395 ).

According to Rank ( 1932 / 1989 ), unlearning or breaking out of our shell from the inside is “ a separation is so hard, not only because it involves persons and ideas that one reveres, but because the victory is always, at bottom, and in some form, won over a part of one ’ s ego ” ( p. 375 ).

Out of ideas, Delirium and Dream use a “ Fun House ” maze to walk the labyrinths into the garden of Destiny.

Hapgood's unorthodox interpretations such as “ Earth Crustal Displacement ” were never accepted as valid competing scientific hypotheses, yet his ideas have found popularity in alternative circles.

And it now suggests a “ market fundamentalism ” closer to the laissez-faire principles of the “ paleoliberals ” than to the ideas of the original neoliberals who attended the colloquium.