The presence of a Hellenised Diana at Nemi should be related to the presence of the cult in Campania, as Diana Tifatina was appelled Trivia in an imperial age inscription which mentions a flamen Virbialis dedicated by eques C. Octavius Verus.

Domitian also revived the practice of the imperial cult, which had fallen somewhat out of use under Vespasian.

Later the imperial cult of Genghis Khan ( centered on the eight white gers and nine white banners in Ordos ) grew into a highly organized indigenous religion with Tengriist scriptures in the Mongolian script.

The theologians of civil theology are " the people ", asking how the gods relate to daily life and the state ( imperial cult ).

For example, Hamburg's memorial, unveiled in 1906, is considered one of the greatest expressions of imperial Germany's Bismarck cult and an important development in the history of German memorial art.

This was further solidified as the status quo following the installation of the Roman imperial cult of deification of sitting emperors, and Roman pluralism was not officially extended to Abrahamic monotheistic religions until Christianity ( which had been previously branded an atheistic religion by the state ) became the de facto official religion of the empire.

In addition to the normal government of the settlement, there were two mayors ( magistri ), and a six member college ( seviri Augustales ), which was entrusted with supporting the imperial cult.

Practice of the imperial cult was revived by Titus, though apparently it met with some difficulty as Vespasian was not deified until six months after his death.

File: Antinous imperial cult Louvre Ma1781. jpg | Antinous as a priest of the imperial cult ( Louvre )

History shows that the early church especially in Rome, was influenced by pagan rituals and beliefs from the Roman imperial cult, Hellenistic philosophy, notably Neoplatonism, and Gnosticism.

The imperial cult in the Latin West: studies in the ruler cult of the western provinces of the Roman Empire.

Imperial China ( see Mandate of Heaven ), ancient Egypt, Japan, the Inca, the Aztecs, Tibet, Thailand, and the Roman Empire ( see imperial cult ) are especially noted for redefining monarchs as god-kings.

The Roman civil religion later became centered on the person of the Emperor through the imperial cult, the worship of the genius of the Emperor.

An imperial cult is a form of state religion in which an emperor, or a dynasty of emperors ( or rulers of another title ), are worshipped as messiahs, demigods or deities.

Jade was used for the finest objects and cult figures, and for grave furnishings for high-ranking members of the imperial family.

Late Antiquity saw the rise of Christianity under Constantine I, finally ousting the Roman imperial cult with the Theodosian decrees of 393.

* 117 – 138 CE: Under Emperor Hadrian, Tripolis was granted the right of asylum and assigned a naval command ; it became an important religious center with a temple for imperial cult ; from numismatic evidence it must have had temples dedicated to Astarte, the Dioscuri and Zeus Haghios.

Many of the monuments on Mount Nemrud are ruins of the imperial cult of Commagene.

The Roman authorities persecuted it because, like Judaism, its monotheistic teachings were fundamentally foreign to the polytheistic traditions of the ancient world and a challenge to the imperial cult.

The upper-class did not always take part in the imperial cult, and some privately ridiculed the apotheosis of inept and feeble emperors, as in the satire The Pumpkinification of ( the Divine ) Claudius, usually attributed to Seneca.

To foster the worship of the imperial family, he erected a dynastic mausoleum on the site of Vespasian's former house on the Quirinal, and completed the Temple of Vespasian and Titus, a shrine dedicated to the worship of his deified father and brother.

Ronald Inden writes that by 8th century BCE symbols of Hindu gods replaced Buddha " replaced the Buddha at the imperial centre and pinnacle of the cosmo-political system, the image or symbol of the Hindu god comes to be housed in a monumental temple and given increasingly elaborate imperial-style puja worship ".

In an apocryphal anecdote in the collection of imperial biographies called the Augustan History, the spot on which he had built an oratory was claimed by tavern keepers, but Alexander Severus decided that the worship of any god was better than a tavern, hence the structure's name.

Fridell argues that scholars call the period 1868-1945 the " State Shinto period " because, " during these decades, Shinto elements came under a great deal of overt state influence and control as the Japanese government systematically utilized shrine worship as a major force for mobilizing imperial loyalties on behalf of modern nation-building.

The practice of Emperor worship was further spread by distributing imperial portraits for esoteric veneration.

The imperial cults in Ancient Egypt and elsewhere deified the ruling monarch, so that the state religion was dedicated to the worship of the ruler as a deity, or the incarnation of a deity.

His answer is dated from Stuttgart, 6 October 1510 ; in it he divides the books into six classes — apart from the Bible which no one proposed to destroy — and, going through each class, he shows that the books openly insulting to Christianity are very few and viewed as worthless by most Jews themselves, while the others are either works necessary to the Jewish worship, which was licensed by papal as well as imperial law, or contain matter of value and scholarly interest which ought not to be sacrificed because they are connected with another faith than that of the Christians.

While imperial worship of this god ( from Mount Miwa ) was " without effect ", Yamato-totohi-momoso later married him.

Sima Yan ( later known as Emperor Wu of Jin ) permitted him to retain imperial banners and wagons and to worship ancestors with imperial ceremonies.

The Heaven worship was the imperial belief system of most of the dynasties of China from the Shang and the Zhou until the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty.

However, by the end of the year, Hayes and six Chinese Christian teachers he had brought with him had resigned already over disagreements regarding the policy of mandatory Confucius worship for students of the imperial university.

Over time, this worship evolved into an official imperial rite and Mount Tai became one of the principal places where the emperor would pay homage to heaven ( on the summit ) and earth ( at the foot of the mountain ) in the Feng () and Shan () sacrifices respectively.

The daily chanting of the Canonical Hours has developed over the centuries into an intricate pattern of worship drawing on influences from the Temple in Jerusalem, classical poetry, Byzantine hymnography, monastic spirituality, and imperial court ritual.

During this period, Christianity began to succeed the imperial cult and the worship of Roman and Celtic deities as the favoured religion of the city.

The practice of emperor worship was further spread by distributing imperial portraits for esoteric veneration.

Emperor worship served as a way for subjects of Asia province to come to terms with imperial rule within the framework of their communities.

For example, the formerly Catholic imperial cities of Überlingen and Ravensburg had to accept Protestant citizens, and provide a place for Protestant worship ; similarly, formerly Protestant cities as Schwäbisch Hall had to offer Catholics a place of religious worship.

The form of rehabilitation by the imperial court sometimes culminated to their worship, their elevation to kami and thus dedication of shrines to those then deities, for example, as Prince Sawara and Sugawara no Michizane.

The five mountains are among the best-known natural landmarks in Chinese history, and since the early periods in Chinese history, they have been the ritual sites of imperial worship and sacrifice by various emperors.

In 688, fearing that Empress Dowager Wu was using a ceremony to worship the god of the Luo River ( 洛水, flowing near Luoyang ) as an excuse to summon them to Luoyang to slaughter them, the imperial princes considered rebellion, and one was launched by Emperor Ruizong's uncle Li Zhen the Prince of Yue and Li Zhen's son Li Chong the Prince of Langye, claiming that Emperor Ruizong was under arrest and needed to be rescued.

Until the dissolution of Holy Roman Empire and mediatization of smaller imperial fiefs by Napoleon, the evangelical Abbess of Quedlinburg was also per officio the head of that reichsunmittelbar state.

As a member of the imperial family, Agrippina was expected to display frugality, chastity and domesticity, all traditional virtues for a noble Roman woman.

Here his rampage continued until the eastern government appointed him magister militum per Illyricum, giving him the Roman command he had desired, as well as the authority to resupply his men from the imperial arsenals.

Alaric displayed similar wisdom in political affairs by appointing a commission to prepare an abstract of the Roman laws and imperial decrees, which would form the authoritative code for his Roman subjects.

Also, supporters of this view would characterize Luke ’ s portrayal of the Roman Empire as positive because they believe Luke “ glosses over negative aspects of the empire and presents imperial power positively .” For example, when Paul is before the council defending himself, Paul says that he is “ on trial concerning the hope of the resurrection of the dead ” ( Acts 23: 6 ).

In 1488 he was appointed Governor of the Netherlands ( until 1493 ) and marched with the imperial forces to free the Roman king Maximilian from his imprisonment at Bruges, and when, in 1489, the King returned to Germany, Albert was left as his representative to prosecute the war against the rebels.

During the final decades of imperial rule, the troops were supplied by Germanic chieftains employed by the Roman administration.

The city was later renamed Nova Roma by Constantine the Great, but popularly called Constantinople and briefly became the imperial residence of the classical Roman Empire.

The location of Byzantium attracted Roman Emperor Constantine I who, in 330 AD, refounded it as an imperial residence inspired by Rome itself.

In early 41 AD, Caligula became the first Roman emperor to be assassinated, the result of a conspiracy involving officers of the Praetorian Guard, as well as members of the Roman Senate and of the imperial court.

Accordingly, “ moved by the same purposes ” the fathers “ apportioned equal prerogatives to the most holy see of new Rome ” because “ the city which is honored by the imperial power and senate and enjoying privileges equaling older imperial Rome should also be elevated to her level in ecclesiastical affairs and take second place after her .” The framework for allocating ecclesiastical authority advocated by the council fathers mirrored the allocation of imperial authority in the later period of the Roman Empire.

** Imperial Diet ( Holy Roman Empire ), the imperial assembly of the princes of the Holy Roman Empire until 1806

In spite of his failures, Diocletian's reforms fundamentally changed the structure of Roman imperial government and helped stabilize the Empire economically and militarily, enabling the Empire to remain essentially intact for another hundred years despite having seemed near the brink of collapse in Diocletian's youth.

Weakened by illness, Diocletian left the imperial office on 1 May 305, and became the only Roman emperor to voluntarily abdicate the position.

Chaos ensued, leading to a year of brutal civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors, during which the four most influential generals in the Roman Empire — Galba, Otho, Vitellius and Vespasian — successively vied for imperial power.

In the Roman tradition a large variety in the meaning and importance of the imperial form of monarchy developed: in intention it was always the highest office, but it could as well fall down to a redundant title for nobility that had never been near to the " Empire " they were supposed to be reigning.

Of course, intrigue, murder and military force could also mingle in for appointing successors ; the Roman imperial tradition made no exception to other monarchical traditions in this respect.

With the size of his imperial realm significantly reduced, Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor became Francis I, Emperor of Austria.

The " Roman " component in the Bulgarian imperial title indicated both rulership over Greek speakers and the derivation of the imperial tradition from the Romans ( represented by the " Roman " Byzantines ).