Usually asymptotic estimates are used because different implementations of the same algorithm may differ in efficiency.

There are many implementations, and the standard details areas in which they may validly differ.

Other implementations of Java 6 may differ.

Various recommendations exist as to good starting values for these parameters, and the meaning may differ between implementations.

Whereas parametric polymorphism provides the same structure for every type instantiation, type families provide ad-hoc polymorphism with implementations that can differ between instantiations.

While the client-to-server protocols are at least functionally similar, server-to-server protocols differ widely ( TS5, P10, and ND / CD server protocols are incompatible ), making it very difficult to " link " two separate implementations of the IRC server.

They differ greatly though in their implementations of determining where the rotations ( or in the case of scapegoat trees, rebalances ) take place.

* These Microsoft code pages differ to various degrees from some of the standards and other vendors ' implementations.

Applesoft was similar to ( and indeed had a common code base with ) Microsoft BASIC implementations on other 6502-based computers, such as Commodore BASIC: it used line numbers, and spaces were not necessary in lines.

The Common Language Infrastructure ( CLI ) is an open specification developed by Microsoft and standardized by ISO and ECMA that describes the executable code and runtime environment that form the core of the Microsoft. NET Framework and the free and open source implementations Mono and Portable. NET.

Two other groups contributed to the design of the language and developed implementations: Harlequin released a commercial IDE for Microsoft Windows and Carnegie Mellon University released an open source compiler for Unix systems.

Despite the age of this concept, file managers based on Norton Commander are actively developed, and dozens of implementations exist for DOS, Unix, and Microsoft Windows.

Microsoft Windows is not shipped with support for X, but many third-party implementations exist, as free and open source software such as Cygwin / X, Xming ( free up to 6. 9. 0. 31 ) and WeirdX ; freeware such as Mocha X Server ; and proprietary products such as Xmanager, Exceed, eXcursion ( Hewlett-Packard ), MKS X / Server, Reflection X, X-Win32 and Xming ( current versions ).

Use of these features is apparent in Windows XP's user interface and several of its applications such as Microsoft Paint, Windows Picture and Fax Viewer, Photo Printing Wizard, and My Pictures Slideshow screensaver, and their presence in the basic graphics layer greatly simplifies implementations of vector-graphics systems such as Flash or SVG.

* Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption ( MPPE ) works with the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol and in several compatible implementations on other platforms.

* Some implementations ( including older versions of Microsoft Cryptographic API, Network Security Services and GnuTLS ) stop reading any characters that follow the null character in the name field of the certificate, which can be exploited to fool the client into reading the certificate as if it were one that came from the authentic site, e. g. paypal.

( Microsoft did not supply implementations of Winsock 2 for Windows 3. x or Windows NT 3. x.

NBF protocol – apart from DOS and Unix implementations – is officially supported by Microsoft on almost every version of Windows up to Windows 2000, but its use has decreased quickly since the development of NBT.

DBD implementations exist for proprietary products such as IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle and for free-software databases such as SQLite, PostgreSQL, Firebird and MySQL.

In 2000, Bill Manning and Bill Woodcock described the Multicast Domain Name Service which spawned the implementations by Apple and Microsoft.

Curses is most commonly associated with Unix-like operating systems, although implementations for Microsoft Windows also exist.

* October 2005 – Interoperability with Microsoft implementations is addressed.

Cryptographic file system implementations for other operating systems are available, but the Microsoft EFS is not compatible with any of them.

DR-DOS and Microsoft Windows implementations also exist: within the SFU / SUA subsystem which provides a native implementation of a number of POSIX APIs, and also within third-party packages such as pthreads-w32, which implements pthreads on top of existing Windows API.

In a note posted on the Free Software Foundation's news website in June 2009, Richard Stallman warned that he believes " Microsoft is probably planning to force all free C # implementations underground some day using software patents " and recommended that developers avoid taking what he described as the " gratuitous risk " associated with " depend on the free C # implementations ", including Portable. NET.

Support for the legacy LAN Manager protocol continued in later versions of Windows for backward compatibility, but was recommended by Microsoft to be turned off by administrators ; as of Windows Vista, the protocol is disabled by default, but continues to be used by some non-Microsoft CIFS implementations.

Many legacy third party CIFS implementations have taken considerable time to add support for the stronger protocols that Microsoft has created to replace LM hashing because the open source communities supporting these libraries first had to reverse engineer the newer protocols — Samba took 5 years to add NTLMv2 support, while JCIFS took 10 years.

* Weblog post from a Microsoft employee detailing Mandatory Integrity Control and how it differs from MAC implementations.

The Sender ID proposal was the subject of controversy regarding intellectual property licensing issues: Microsoft holds patents on key parts of Sender ID and used to license those patents under terms that were not compatible with the GNU General Public License and which were considered problematic for free software implementations in general.

It is used as the foundation for the vast majority of MPI implementations including IBM MPI ( for Blue Gene ), Intel MPI, Cray MPI, Microsoft MPI, Myricom MPI, OSU MVAPICH / MVAPICH2, and many others.

How to design and implement a stripped-down version of an interpreter for the BASIC language was covered in articles by Allison in the first three quarterly issues of the People's Computer Company newsletter published in 1975 and implementations with source code published in Dr. Dobb's Journal of Tiny BASIC Calisthenics & Orthodontia: Running Light without Overbyte.

In November 1997, Borland acquired Visigenic, a middleware company that was focused on implementations of CORBA.

The idea was to integrate Borland's tools, Delphi, C ++ Builder, and JBuilder with enterprise environment software, including Visigenic's implementations of CORBA, Visibroker for C ++ and Java, and the new emerging product, Application Server.

In the 1970s, analysis of high level languages indicated some complex machine language implementations and it was determined that new instructions could improve performance.

The first highly ( or tightly ) pipelined x86 implementations, the 486 designs from Intel, AMD, Cyrix, and IBM, supported every instruction that their predecessors did, but achieved maximum efficiency only on a fairly simple x86 subset that was only a little more than a typical RISC instruction set ( i. e. without typical RISC load-store limitations ).

This gave the company two years of unrestricted leadership, and eventually 1450 " straight eight " machines were produced before it was replaced by newer implementations of the same basic design.

Clearly separating the three levels was a major feature of the relational database model implementations that dominate 21st century databases.

DHTML required extensions to the rudimentary document object that was available in the Legacy DOM implementations.

Although the Legacy DOM implementations were largely compatible since JScript was based on JavaScript, the DHTML DOM extensions were developed in parallel by each browser maker and remained incompatible.

Digital considered using a combined register file, but a split register file was determined to be better as it enabled two-chip implementations to have a register file located on each chip and integer-only implementations to omit the floating-point register file containing the floating point registers.

The Win32 API had three main implementations: one for Windows NT, one for Win32s ( which was a subset of Win32 which could be used on Windows 3. 1 systems ), and one for Chicago.

According to principal architect Stephen P. Morse, this was a result of a more software centric approach than in the design of earlier Intel processors ( the designers had experience working with compiler implementations ).

Two implementations of KRC were written: David Turner's original one in BCPL running on EMAS, and Simon Croft's later one in C under Unix, and KRC was the main language used for teaching functional programming at the University of Kent at Canterbury ( UK ) from 1982 to 1985.

It was one of the first Common Lisp implementations ever, and exposed a number of holes and mistakes in the specification that had gone unnoticed.

In practice, the concept was marred by proliferation of incompatible physical layer and network protocol implementations, and a plethora of methods of sharing resources.

This was based on their ISM product, but with influences from the other implementations.

The internal microarchitecture of Loongson microprocessors was designed independently by the Chinese, and early implementations of the family lacked four instructions patented by MIPS Technologies.

The " pad " part of the name comes from early implementations where the key material was distributed as a pad of paper, so the top sheet could be easily torn off and destroyed after use.

It was developed by David May and others at INMOS, advised by Tony Hoare, as the native programming language for their transputer microprocessors, but implementations for other platforms are available.

The first version of this system was generally known as a web of trust to contrast with the X. 509 system, which uses a hierarchical approach based on certificate authority and which was added to PGP implementations later.

Prolog was one of the first logic programming languages, and remains the most popular among such languages today, with many free and commercial implementations available.