Although Goodyear is often credited with its invention, modern evidence has proven that the Mesoamericans used stabilized rubber for balls and other objects as early as 1600 BC.

Devices for shaking materials along with hard balls might be old, but it was not until the industrial revolution and the invention of steam power that a machine could be built.

Hence the invention of tchoukball, which combines elements of handball ( it is played with hands, and the balls used are similar ), volleyball ( as the defending team must prevent the ball from falling ) and squash ( since there is a bounce ).

Perhaps the best-known Mesoamerican invention was rubber, which was used to create rubber bands, rubber bindings, balls, syringes, ' raincoats ,' boots, and waterproof insulation on containers and flasks.

Its invention is attributed to Andrei Sychra, who also wrote a method for the guitar, as well as over one thousand compositions, seventy-five of which were republished in the 1840s by Stellovsky, and then again in the 1880s by Gutheil.

The ability for a single dispatcher to issue train orders was enabled by the invention of the electric telegraph in the 1840s.

The invention of the Russian guitar is attributed to Andrei Sychra, who also wrote a method for the instrument, as well as over one thousand compositions, seventy-five of which were republished in the 1840s by Stellovsky, and then again in the 1880s by Gutheil.

In 1847, Nicephore Niépce's cousin, the chemist Niépce St. Victor published his invention of a process for making glass plates with an albumen emulsion ; the Langenheim brothers of Philadelphia and John Whipple of Boston also invented workable negative-on-glass processes in the mid 1840s.

The problem was solved with the invention of the marine chronometer.

Their problem was solved by Wheeler's invention of the almost black patent malt in 1817.

The invention of integrated circuit Read-only memory ( ROM ) of various types solved the paradox by allowing computers to be shipped with a start up program that could not be erased, but growth in the size of ROM has allowed ever more elaborate start up procedures to be implemented.

Frege wanted to show that mathematics grows out of logic, but in so doing, he devised techniques that took him far beyond the Aristotelian syllogistic and Stoic propositional logic that had come down to him in the logical tradition. Title page to Begriffsschrift ( 1879 ) In effect, Frege invented axiomatic predicate logic, in large part thanks to his invention of quantified variables, which eventually became ubiquitous in mathematics and logic, and which solved the problem of multiple generality.

This has been interpreted to mean that any invention which makes a non-obvious " technical contribution " or solves a " technical problem " in a non-obvious way is patentable even if that technical problem is solved by running a computer program.

Any of the subject-matter listed in Article 52 ( 2 ) EPC may comprise an invention if it has technical character or contributes to it ( in particular because a technical problem is solved by using technical means or a technical effect is achieved, technical interactions occur or technical adaptations are effected, in other words: if such subject-matter lends itself to a technical application ).

During the postwar years, there was a serious housing crisis, solved by the invention of high-rise apartments.

The safety and litter problems were both eventually solved later in the 1970s with the invention of the non-removing " pop-tab ".

Unfortunately, the mystery of the sandwich's invention will probably not be solved due to a lack of information and observable evidence.

Sundback finally solved the pulling-apart problem in 1913, with his invention of the first version not based on the hook-and-eye principle, the " Hookless Fastener No. 1 ".

This problem was solved by the invention of the 74HCT family of devices that uses CMOS technology but TTL input logic levels.

In the 1990s, however, the invention of faster, more efficient computers, compact discs and the Internet solved such problems.

He solved the problem of flying actors in low height situations ( such as little theatres and tent shows ) with his invention of the Floating Pulley in 1958.

The invention of banknotes by Palmstruch eventually caused more problems than it solved.

The invention solved this problem by using embedded thermocouples to constantly check the temperature, and then feeding the measured values into a computer.

This invention solved the rapid deployment problem with ram-air designs.

From around 1750 rifles began to be used by skirmishers ( Frederick the Great raised a Jager unit in 1744, from game-keepers and foresters, armed with rifles ) but the very slow rate of fire of muzzle-loading rifles restricted their use until the invention of the Minié ball.

The concept of slow motion may have existed before the invention of the motion picture: the Japanese theatrical form Noh employs very slow movements.

In 1997 he won the Nobel Prize in Physics ( together with Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and Steven Chu ) for his contributions to laser cooling ( and especially for his invention of the Zeeman slower ), a technique to slow the movement of gaseous atoms in order to better study them, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

The invention of corned powder, the slow match, and the serpentine around the mid-15th century led to much more effective firearms and eventually to increased adoption.

As it has been suggested, " is equals sign was an invention that, while slow in becoming universally adopted, is still perhaps the most fundamental thing ever invented by a person from Wales " ().

While the magnetic recording system proved too slow for business data, Devol's invention was re-purposed as a machine control that would eventually become the " brains " of the Unimate robot.

Butteridge's invention is a major breakthrough in heavier-than-air flight, being highly manoeuvrable, capable of both very fast and very slow flight, and requiring only a small area to take off and land ; it appears to combine the advantages of the helicopter and the aeroplane in a manner superior to modern real-world V / STOL craft.

Prior to the invention of digital transcription aids, musicians would slow down a record or a tape recording to be able to hear the melodic lines and chords.

It also traces the scientists ' slow progress in understanding the science behind their invention.

Despite the legal disputes surrounding this invention, it is unquestionable that Campbell was the first to actually construct a telephone circuit using loading coils.

The development of breech loading had the greatest effect on naval warfare, for the first time since the Middle Ages altering the way weapons are mounted on warships, and therefore naval tactics, now divorced from the reliance on sails with the invention of the internal combustion.

Since the invention of the Technical Friend ( which replaces the original one-piece machined alloy shaft with a brazed assembly incorporating a length of thick stainless-steel cable, which is better able to cope with loading over an edge ), there has been a great deal of development of the SLCD by a variety of manufacturers.

The invention of loading coils extended the range to Denver in 1911, again reaching a technological limit.

Achieving highly precise longitude remained a problem in geography until the invention of the marine chronometer at the end of the 18th century.

The invention of the Chop-O-Matic caused a problem that marked the entrance of Ron Popeil into television.

" Lagrange's comment that a solution to the problem would require the invention of a new branch of analysis deterred all but two contestants, Denis Poisson and Germain.

This problem was surmounted in 1999 with the invention of the stratified continuous ( inner ) lumen, and the kinetic acoustic mechanism in 2002.

The invention of the " equipotential cathode " reduced this problem, with the filaments being powered by a balanced AC power transformer winding having a grounded center tap.

One disadvantage of AC, the fact that the arc must be re-ignited after every zero crossing, has been addressed with the invention of special power units that produce a square wave pattern instead of the normal sine wave, making rapid zero crossings possible and minimizing the effects of the problem.

In most of the five series, each book focuses on Tom's latest invention, and its role either in solving a problem or mystery, or in assisting Tom in feats of exploration or rescue.

Nevertheless, the fact that an invention is useful in business does not mean it is not patentable if it also solves a technical problem.

The problem of finding the area under a curve, known as integration in calculus, or quadrature in numerical analysis, was known as squaring before the invention of calculus.

Torricelli's chief invention was the mercury barometer, which arose from solving a practical problem.

One interpretation, which is followed by the Boards of Appeal of the EPO, is that an invention is patentable if it provides a new and non-obvious " technical " solution to a technical problem.

" From this general invention principle, the following idea might solve the problem: Taking a high-resolution image of the machined ball.

The problem was that ( possibly to distance his invention from the Fleming valve ) De Forest's original patents specified that low-pressure gas inside the Audion was essential to its operation ( Audion being a contraction of " Audio-Ion "), and in fact early Audions had severe reliability problems due to this gas being absorbed by the metal electrodes.

Inventing is a special kind of creative problem solving in which the created solution qualifies as an invention because it is a useful new object, substance, process, software, or other kind of marketable entity.

The littering problem was also addressed by the invention of the " push-tab ".

Despite cultural taboos on such material, circulation of erotic literature was not seen as a major problem before the invention of printing, as the costs of producing individual manuscripts limited distribution to a very small group of readers.

One disadvantage of AC, the fact that the arc must be re-ignited after every zero crossing, has been addressed with the invention of special power units that produce a square wave pattern instead of the normal sine wave, eliminating low-voltage time after the zero crossings and minimizing the effects of the problem.

The synchronization problem was overcome with the invention of phase-locked synchronization circuits.