The two major aspects of a hadith are the text of the report ( the matn ), which contains the actual narrative, and the chain of narrators ( the isnad ), which documents the route by which the report has been transmitted.

Evaluating the narrators of hadith began in the generation following that of the Companions based upon the statement of Muhammad Ibn Sirin, “ They did not previously inquire about the isnad.

The isnad ( chain of narrators ) of this hadith is good.

Reports that pass through many reliable transmitters at each point in the isnad up until their collection and transcription are known as mutawātir.

The silsilah chain created from the passing of the khirqa that confirms authenticity of many hadiths is known as the isnad.

It examines verses from a total of 83 different suras, with the majority of asbāb as traditional hadith reports with isnad chains of transmission.

Ibn ʻAdī ( d. 976 CE ) stated: "... this isnad ( chain of reporters ) is not narrated on authority of Mujalid but by Muhammad ibn al-Hajjaj al-Lakhmi and they all ( other reporters in the chain ) accuse Muhammad Ibn Al-Hajjaj of forging it ".

Some suggest that the discipline of isnad, which developed to validate hadith made it relatively easy to record and validate also the rulings of jurists.

Together the sira and hadith constitute the sunnah and are validated by isnad (" backing ") to determine the likely truth of the report of any given saying of Muhammad.

Late in the first millennium, Islamic scholars developed their practice of isnad, or " backing ", which established the validity of sayings of Muhammad in the hadith.

This has led in the past to institutions that sort through anecdotes to decide which of them are true, e. g. isnad in Islam by which the hadith are validated.

In hadith studies, ibn Isḥaq's hadith is generally thought to be " good " ( ḥasan ) ( assuming an accurate and trustworthy isnad, or chain of transmission ) and himself having a reputation of being " sincere " or " trustworthy " ( ṣadūq ).

Any tradition ( hadith ) is usually made up of two parts: a header ( called isnad or sanad ) and the main text or narration itself ( called matn ).

It was not until the late eleventh and twelfth centuries that the Sufi tradition began accepting this form of isnad as a means to transmit mystical knowledge and blessings.

Scholars who studied the narrations according to their context ( matn ) as well as their transmission ( isnad ) in order to discriminate between them were influential in the development of early Muslim philosophy.

Burton, in his rejection of the authenticity of the story, sided with L. Caetani, who wrote that the story was to be rejected not only on the basis of isnad, but because " had these hadiths even a degree of historical basis, Muhammad's reported conduct on this occasion would have given the lie to the whole of his previous prophetic activity.

Some of the significant achievements of early Muslim philosophers included the development of a strict science of citation, the isnad or " backing "; the development of a method of open inquiry to disprove claims, the ijtihad, which could be generally applied to many types of questions ( although which to apply it to is an ethical question ); the willingness to both accept and challenge authority within the same process ; recognition that science and philosophy are both subordinate to morality, and that moral choices are prior to any investigation or concern with either ; the separation of theology ( kalam ) and law ( shariah ) during the early Abbasid period, a precursor to secularism ; the distinction between religion and philosophy, marking the beginning of secular thought ; the beginning of a peer review process ; early ideas on evolution ; the beginnings of the scientific method, an important contribution to the philosophy of science ; the introduction of temporal modal logic and inductive logic ; the beginning of social philosophy, including the formulation of theories on social cohesion and social conflict ; the beginning of the philosophy of history ; the development of the philosophical novel and the concepts of empiricism and tabula rasa ; and distinguishing between essence and existence.

These scholars influenced methods of research and editing, due in part to the Islamic practice of isnad which emphasized fidelity to written record, checking sources, and skeptical inquiry.

Muslims regard the Hadith Qudsi as the words of God ( Arabic: Allah ), repeated by Muhammad and recorded on the condition of an isnad.

Uri Rubin asserts that there exists a complete version of the isnad continuing to ibn ‘ Abbās, but this only survives in a few sources.

He claims that the name of ibn ‘ Abbās was part of the original isnad, and was removed so that the incident could be deprived of its sahih isnad and discredited.

Other important developments in early Islamic philosophy include the development of a strict science of citation, the isnad or " backing ", and the development of a scientific method of open inquiry to disprove claims, the ijtihad, which could be generally applied to many types of questions.

His akhbār also contain chains of transmissions, or isnad.

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The main Macross production consists of ( in chronological release order ):

The stylistic development of Classical Chinese poetry consists of both literary and oral cultural processes, which may be and usually are divided into certain standard periods or eras, in terms both of specific poems as well as styles characteristic of those eras, generally corresponding with Chinese Dynastic Eras, which were the traditional chronological process for Chinese historical events.

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AMORC uses traditional history, consisting of tales and legends represented as having been passed down for centuries by word of mouth as well as the conventional chronological history, which consists of verifiable fact.

# Sura 96, first in the chronological sequence, consists of 19 verses.

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One proposed chronological order consists of 86 suras, as follows:

The Forerunner series consists of the 101, 201, 301, 205, 305, 50, 405, 60, 405CX, 310XT, 110, 210, 410, 610 and 910XT ( listed in chronological order by release date ).

If flashbacks are extensive and in chronological order, one can say that these form the present of the story, while the rest of the story consists of flash forwards.

Because our records for this period are imperfect, all authentic records about Kandalanu consists of date formulae and one damaged chronological inscription.

** The Politburo Standing Committee, which currently consists of nine members ; see current members of the Politburo Standing Committee for a complete list.

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The total bird list for the Chagos Archipelago, including Diego Garcia, consists of 91 species, with large breeding populations of 16 species.

The list of partners consists of: Deloitte, KPMG, Microsoft, Oracle Corporation, PricewaterhouseCoopers, SAP, and Symantec.

In computer science, linear search or sequential search is a method for finding a particular value in a list, that consists of checking every one of its elements, one at a time and in sequence, until the desired one is found.

* The copper can be used to produce " sliced HAM ", or S-HAM, this consists of building a copper list that switches the palette on every scanline, improving the choice of base colours in Hold And Modify mode graphics.

His bibliography consists of more than 1240 publications, though this list continues to grow.

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As of the 2010 – 2011 season, the list consists solely of the 40 theaters located in the vicinity of Times Square in New York City and Lincoln Center's Vivian Beaumont Theatre.

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The list consists of 31 books used to conduct cathedral services, 24 other ecclesiastical works, and 11 works that were secular.

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The following list consists of the schools located within the district:

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The following list consists of notable concepts that are derived from both Islamic and Arab tradition, which are expressed as words in the Arabic language.

The event consists mainly of an extensive march past, with army bands playing live music, each year following the list of the Traditional Music of Remembrance ( see below ).

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The record of the remainder of Savigny's life consists of little else than a list of the merited honours which he received at the hands of his sovereign, and of the works which he published with indefatigable activity.

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