The isolation of Antarctica by the current is credited by many researchers with causing the glaciation of Antarctica and global cooling in the Eocene epoch.

:" The occurrence on Seymour Island of sudamericids, that had become extinct in South America in the Paleocene, also indicates that isolation may have allowed extended survival of this Gondwanan group in the Eocene of Antarctica and the factors that caused their extinction did not affect this continent.

The ancestral Lobodontini likely diverged from its sister clade, the Mirounga ( elephant seals ) in the late Miocene to early Pliocene, when they migrated southward and diversified rapidly in relative isolation around Antarctica.

The ancestral Lobodontini likely diverged from its sister clade, the Mirounga ( elephant seals ) in the late Miocene to early Pliocene, when they migrated southward and diversified rapidly to form four distinct genera in relative isolation around Antarctica.

The thermal isolation of Antarctica and formation of the Antarctic ice sheet has largely been attributed to the opening of the Drake Passage.

The ancestral Lobodontini likely diverged from its sister clade, Mirounga ( elephant seals ) in the late Miocene to early Pliocene, when they migrated southward and diversified rapidly in relative isolation around Antarctica.

The isolation threshold should be at Heinjoki to the east of Vyborg, where the Baltic Sea and Ladoga were connected by a strait or a river outlet at least until the formation of the River Neva, and possibly even much later, until 12th century AD or so.

This type of isolation may result in the formation of race or even speciation, as the inbreeding first removes many deleterious genes, and allows expression of genes that allow a population to adapt to an ecosystem.

Here her ' cataloguing of regression, repression, reaction formation, isolation, undoing, projection, introjection, turning against the self, reversal and sublimation ' helped establish the importance of the ego functions and the concept of defense mechanisms, continuing the greater emphasis on the ego of her father — ' We should like to learn more about the ego ' — during his final decades.

Several major geoclimatic events have greatly influenced the biogeographic distribution of organisms in this area, including the isolation and reconnection of South America, the uplift of the Andes, an extensive Amazonian floodbasin system during the Miocene, the formation of Orinoco and Amazon drainages, and dry − wet climate cycles throughout the Pliocene to Pleistocene epochs.

This division soon spread to other associations brought on by requests sent to them from the Union Association, resulting in the isolation of the Mud River Association and the formation of the Bethel Association.

His other work included the isolation of glycolic acid from unripe grapes ( 1864 ), synthesis of sodium oxalate by heating sodium formate ( 1868 ), hydrolysis of ether to alcohol ( 1858 ), synthesis of phenyl-lactic acid ( 1880 ), preparation of pyruvic acid by the distillation of tartaric acid ( 1881 ) and the formation of carbostyril from quinoline ( 1885 ).

In addition to the isolation of HIV-1 and HIV-2, in the recent past researchers at the Pasteur Institute have developed a test for the early detection of colon cancer, produced a genetically engineered vaccine against hepatitis B and a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of the Helicobacter pylori bacterium which is implicated in the formation of stomach ulcers.

Although the deal did not lead to the immediate end of the sporting isolation, it paved the way for the formation of the unified body, the South African Rugby Football Union ( SARFU ) in 1992, with Craven as its first chairman, until he died in 1993, having served for an unbroken 37 years at the head of the sport.

If archeological evidence indicates cultural spread and formation of regionally isolated populations then this must be reflected in the isolation of subsequent genetic mutations in this region.

Sibuyan has been dubbed by some local and international natural scientists as " the Galapagos of Asia ", because it has remained in isolation from the rest of the world since its formation.

It is also apparent in the differences in levels of prezygotic isolation ( by factors that prevent formation of a viable zygote ) in both sympatric and allopatric populations.

After tens of millions of years of relative isolation, Africa-Arabia collided with Eurasia, and the formation of the Isthmus of Panama linked South America and North America, facilitating the distribution of mammals seen today.

The isolation of Cyprus from the rest of the Greek-speaking world assisted the formation of a separate Cypriot dialect.

Expansion in the western direction sharpened Russia's awareness of its separation from much of the rest of Europe and shattered the isolation in which the initial stages of expansion had occurred.

If the hybrids are infertile, or fertile but less fit than their ancestors, then there will be further reproductive isolation and speciation has essentially occurred ( e. g., as in horses and donkeys.

If a hybrid isolation model is assumed, it can be estimated that the hypothetical admixture event occurred about 126 generations ago, or 2520 years ago assuming 20 years per generation.

Combining fossil evidence ( Miller & Bowman, 1956 ) and paleobiogeographical considerations with the molecular data indicates that the Yellow-billed Magpie's ancestors became isolated in California quite soon after the ancestral magpies colonized North America ( which probably happened some 3-4 mya ) due to early ice ages and the ongoing uplift of the Sierra Nevada, but that during interglacials there occurred some gene flow between the Yellow-and Black-billed magpies until reproductive isolation was fully achieved in the Pleistocene.

Alternatively, when they were already distinct species, significant hybridization has occurred between them, though not enough to fully overcome their present reproductive isolation.

A temporary isolation indicator / fault indicator indicates that the system has been isolated with the temporary isolation switch or a fault has occurred with the TPWS.

It is believed that the range of the ancestral form extended into Asia but that isolation between an eastern and western type occurred as a result of greater aridity and desertification in the Middle East during the Middle Miocene.

However, to some people in small-enough communities, conflict may have occurred between them too often to find common ground, and isolation from each other is the only path toward healing and a healthy relationship.

To replace the ' responsibility void ' left by lack of a Prefect system, Onslow College has championed the ' Peer Mediation ' system, where trained students talk to their peers about incidents that have occurred at school, such as bullying, isolation or drug use.

The first isolation of echoviruses occurred from the faeces of asymptomatic children early in the 1950s, just after cell culturing had been developed.

No significant reform of healthcare occurred in this time and the Catholic Church still retained effective control through the ownership of hospitals and schools, whilst family doctors still largely practiced in isolation of other medical professionals.

* In September of 2012 scientists writing in the journal PLOS Pathogens reported the isolation of a member of the Rhabdoviridae responsible for 2 fatal and 2 non-fatal cases of hemorrhagic fever in the Bas-Congo district in 2009. The non-fatal cases occurred in healthcare workers involved in the treatment of the other two, suggesting the possibility of person-to-person transmission.

Alternatively, when they were already well distinct species, significant hybridization has occurred between them, though not enough to fully overcome their reproductive isolation.

In Latest Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic times, when the tremendous proliferation of diverse metazoa occurred, isolation of marine environments resulted from the breakup of Pannotia.

Historical evidence indicates that isolation caused the divergence of the North and South Devon into physically distinct types, though occasional crossing between the two breeds occurred until the mid-19th century.

The trait also occurred and died out in Cornwall ( peninsular England ), but became fixed in the Isle of Man population where outbreeding was not frequent due to isolation.

Thus, the Church was born and because of its intrinsic character was soon identified as a conservative institution, determined to resist the forces of change, to identify itself with the political rulers, and to maintain a kind of splendid isolation from the masses.

Optic ataxia is usually part of Balint's syndrome, but can be seen in isolation with injuries to the superior parietal lobule, as it represents a disconnection between visual-association cortex and the frontal premotor and motor cortex, and ataxic respiration ( lack of coordination in respiratory movements, usually due to dysfunction of the respiratory centres in the medulla oblongata ).

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and genocide claims for 1915 – 1918 events made impossible relations with Azerbaijan and Turkey, thus increased an isolation of the country.

The German poet Unica Zürn, who made extensive use of anagram techniques, came to regard obsession with anagrams as a " dangerous fever ", because it created isolation of the author.

Signs and symptoms of the depressive phase of bipolar disorder include persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, guilt, anger, isolation, or hopelessness ; disturbances in sleep and appetite ; fatigue and loss of interest in usually enjoyable activities ; problems concentrating ; loneliness, self-loathing, apathy or indifference ; depersonalization ; loss of interest in sexual activity ; shyness or social anxiety ; irritability, chronic pain ( with or without a known cause ); lack of motivation ; and morbid suicidal ideation.

The prosecution tried to present the poster to the jury in isolation for consideration as obscene material, but Judge Susan Isacoff ruled that the poster must be considered along with the music and lyrics.

According to a supposition, the peculiarities of this language may be the result of a supposed long isolation from other Eskimo groups, being in contact only with speakers of unrelated languages for many centuries.

Fiber optic variants of Ethernet offer high performance, electrical isolation and distance ( tens of kilometers with some versions ).

It also dealt with the theme of empiricism through the story of a feral child on a desert island, but departed from its predecessor by depicting the development of the protagonist's mind through contact with society rather than in isolation from society.

After World War II and a period of international isolation, Franco's regime normalized relations with Western powers in the Cold War, until Franco's death in 1975 and the transformation of Spain into a liberal democracy.

EOKA-B and the Turkish Resistance Organization ( TMT ) were responsible for many atrocities which resulted in cementing tensions and led to total isolation of the communities with Turkish Cypriots withdrawn into enclaves.

Lessing advocated that dramaturgs should carry their work out working directly with theatre companies rather than in isolation.

The Wanderer, found in many Gothic tales, is the epitome of isolation as he wanders the earth in perpetual exile, usually a form of divine punishment .” Below are classified different stock characters of the Gothic Novel along with examples from popular fiction in the genre.

Other types of infectious / transmissible / communicable diseases with more specialized routes of infection, such as vector transmission or sexual transmission, are usually not regarded as " contagious ," and often do not require medical isolation ( sometimes loosely called quarantine ) of victims.

Since there has been a lot of cross-fertilization between these styles, with many practitioners training or competing under the rules of more than one style, the history of the individual styles cannot be seen in isolation from one another.

Here, they combined Wright's interest in ceramic typology in the best Albright tradition with Kenyon's methods of excavation, which allowed the isolation of clear, stratigraphically determined pottery assemblages ".

This political isolation became more pronounced when Lithuania and Poland both became members of the European Union and NATO, as well as entering the Schengen Zone, which means that the oblast is surrounded by territories affiliated with these institutions as well.

Laos ' emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other nations such as Australia, France, Japan, Sweden, and India.

Critics argue that average students learning in isolation perform significantly lower than those learning with collaboration and mediation.

New Zealand considers its own national defence needs to be modest, due to its geographical isolation and benign relationships with neighbours.

They would typically be perceived as either lacking confidence or being indifferent or oblivious to the negative perceptions held of them by others, with the result that they become frequent objects of scorn, ridicule, bullying, and social isolation.

Bismarck was also horrified by Prussia's isolation during the Crimean War of the mid-1850s ( in which Austria sided with Britain and France against Russia ; Prussia was almost not invited to the peace talks in Paris ).