The jarldom, without a clear Norse line nor the political support or mechanism for that line to continue, were given over to Scottish lords.

He remained devoted to his former parliamentary constituency, and was buried on Orkney.

A smaller part of the former coke bunker-for carbon production-for the aluminium reduction works, was transformed in 2002 into Atlas Brewery which, together with Orkney Brewery, was taken over in 2006 to form Sinclair Brewery Ltd. Atlas was closed in July 2010 and its production transferred to Orkney.

These holdings mainly comprised former ecclesiastical land ( following the abolition of the episcopacy in 1689 ) in Caithness and Orkney, and ancient royal possession in Stirling and Edinburgh, and feudal dues.

* The Orkney and Shetland Movement, a former electoral coalition

File: Former Flag of Orkney. svg |< center > The former ( unofficial ) flag of Orkney .</ br > Likely flag of the Kalmar Union ( 1397 – 1523 )</ center >

Evie is a former parish and village on The Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

The island has evidence from every stage in the history of Orkney, with a Neolithic settlement at Rinyo, Bronze Age burnt mounds, Iron Age crannogs and brochs ( the highest density anywhere in Scotland: three within of coastline ), Viking boat burials, remains of a medieval church and the stately home at Trumland.

Viking navigators opened the road to new lands to the north, west and east, resulting in the foundation of independent settlements in the Shetland, Orkney, and Faroe Islands ; Iceland ; Greenland ; and L ' Anse aux Meadows, a short-lived settlement in Newfoundland, circa 1000 A. D.

* Sigurd the Stout, Viking earl in Orkney

The reasons for the waves of immigration were complex and bound to the political situation in Scandinavia at that time ; moreover, they occurred when Viking settlers were also establishing their presence in the Hebrides, Orkney, the Faroe Islands, Ireland, Iceland, Greenland, France ( Normandy ), Russia and Ukraine ( see Kievan Rus ').

The Viking expeditions to Orkney are recorded in detail in the 11th century Orkneyinga sagas and later texts such as the Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar.

* The Scar boat burial-a Viking burial found on Sanday, one the Orkney Islands

The Battle of Clontarf () took place on 23 April 1014 between the forces of Brian Boru and the forces led by the King of Leinster, Máel Mórda mac Murchada: composed mainly of his own men, Viking mercenaries from Dublin and the Orkney Islands led by his cousin Sigtrygg, as well as the one rebellious king from the province of Ulster.

Meanwhile Gormlaith contacted Sigurd Lodvesson, the Viking earl of the Orkney Isles, to come to her aid.

The Duchy of Normandy stems from various Danish, Norwegian, Hiberno-Norse, Orkney Viking and Anglo-Danish ( from the Danelaw ) invasions of West Francia in the 9th century.

Viking settlers comprehensively occupied Orkney, and Mainland became a possession of Norway until being given to Scotland during the 15th century as part of a dowry settlement.

Hausakluif was the 7th Viking Earl of Orkney sometime around 950 AD.

A member of Orkney Islands Council, who was a Shetlander, offered his full Viking regalia and himself to provide a suitable Skullsplitter image.

The famous Danish archaeologist Professor Jens Jacob Asmussen Worsaae ( 1821 – 85 ) promoted the attribution to St Magnus of Orkney during his visit to the British Isles in 1846-7, when he was formulating the concept of the ' Viking Age ', and a history of London written in 1901 concluded that " the Danes, on their second invasion ... added at least two churches with Danish names, Olaf and Magnus ".

The findings showed that the Viking invasion of Britain was predominately from Danish Vikings while the Orkney Islands were settled by Norwegian Vikings.

The Orkneyinga saga records another Viking raid, by Sweyn Asleifsson, and Margad Grimsson, after they had been expelled from Orkney by Earl Rögnvald, that they went raiding on the eastern seaboard of Scotland:

It offers a history of Caithness as a part of the Norwegian earldom of Orkney from circa 885 to 1266, and a guide to Viking Caithness.

At Pierowall in Orkney a Viking cemetery was dug up and found was a Celtic penannular brooch.

One summer, Sigurd, Björn and Illugi went a Viking expedition to Scotland and Orkney.

It was named after York Factory, the headquarters of the HBC, and modeled after the Orkney yole ( itself a descendant of the Viking longship ).

The Earldom of Orkney was a Norwegian dignity in Scotland which had its origins in the Viking period.

" Viking Orkney: A Survey.

As in World War I, Scapa Flow in Orkney served as an important Royal Navy base.

Douglas's absence from his power base in the Lothians and the Scottish marches encouraged Henry Sinclair, Earl of Orkney and Sir David Fleming of Biggar, both firm supporters of Robert III, to take full advantage to become the principal political force in the area.

The haste with which the Danes resumed their attack on Norse Dublin before consolidating their control of Saxon England indicates that the entire Danish invasion was not primarily aimed at the conquest of Saxon England, but to secure a North Sea base of operations to use as a springboard in the conflict with the Norwegians, who controlled an extensive trade network in the Orkney Islands, the Hebrides, the Isle of Man, the Isle of Wight, and Ireland, which exported goods as the Danes did, from the British Isles south-east through Kievan Rus as far as Constantinople and Baghdad, following the Dniepr from the Baltic to the Black Sea.

However, a number of later sagas such as the Separate Saga of St. Olaf ( c. 1225 ), Heimskringla, Egils saga and Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta assert that Eirik sailed directly to Orkney, where he took the joint jarls into vassalage, collected forces and so set up a base which enabled him to organise several expeditions on overseas territory.

* 14 October 1939, the British battleship is sunk in the main British fleet base at Scapa Flow, Orkney ( north of mainland Scotland ) by.

During World War I, back in Scotland, he was in charge of the construction of the Invergordon naval base and for defences at Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands.

Orkney was the site of a navy base at Scapa Flow, which played a major role in World War I.

As part of his technical work he was a frequent visitor to the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers ( REME ) base on the Orkney mainland, and after his Commanding Officer finally lost patience with the operating officer Heslop-Harrison was offered a position as operator of the complex and a promotion to captain, which he accepted.

From this base, he worked to spread Christianity in Norway, Orkney, Shetland, the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland.

On 10 April, the Fleet Air Arm made a long range attack from their base at Hatston in the Orkney Islands against German warships in Bergen harbour.

De Wiart arrived back at the British naval base of Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands on 5 May 1940.

The movements are: I-PROLOGUE :" Orkney Summer "( SONNET I ), the text by Robert Rendall ; II SONG 1: " Cataface " ( the Scots for the short-eared owl ), to text by Harriet Campbell ; III-LAMENT :" The Brig o ' Waithe ", the text by Ann Scott-Moncrieff describing the civilian casualty in World War II Britain when a German aircraft returning to base after attempting to attack Scapa Flow randomly released its bombs over Orkney ; IV-SONG 2 " Sleep!

In 1906, Argentina communicated to the international community the establishment of a permanent base on South Orkney Islands.

It was the second research base on the South Orkney Islands islands ( after the Argentine Orcadas Base in 1903 ).

In the course of the Second World War Italian prisoners of war were kept on Orkney Mainland ; they improvised a chapel with elaborate architecture out of corrugated iron and other base materials, which is now a tourist attraction.