The key ingredient was Leon Neil Cooper's calculation of the bound states of electrons subject to an attractive force in his 1956 paper, " Bound Electron Pairs in a Degenerate Fermi Gas ".

Beef extract was eventually reintroduced as a key Bovril ingredient in 2006, after the European Commission lifted its ban on the export of Britain's beef products ; it was only at this point that the manufacturer stated explicitly that this had been the main reason for beef's removal.

Compost is a key ingredient in organic farming.

A key ingredient which differentiated " cocktails " from other drinks in this compendium was the use of bitters as an ingredient.

Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers that a key ingredient in kombu soup stock is monosodium glutamate ( MSG ), and patents a process for manufacturing it.

It can be used in fish dishes and is the key ingredient in lemon balm pesto.

Because water is a key ingredient in beer it will not alter the flavor.

Parsley is a key ingredient in several Middle Eastern salads such as tabbouleh.

Tourtière, a traditional meat-pie originating from Quebec and associated with French-Canadian culture, was so-named because tourte was historically a key ingredient.

Savory is also a key ingredient in sarmale, a stuffed cabbage dish in traditional Romanian cuisine.

In addition to the above listed foods, Acadian families were introduced to vegetables such as okra, which is a key ingredient in gumbos as well as many other Cajun and Creole dishes.

The key ingredient of the venom is a scorpion toxin protein.

At the time, molasses was the standard sweetener in the U. S. Molasses can also be fermented to produce rum and ethyl alcohol, the active ingredient in other alcoholic beverages and a key component in the manufacturing of munitions at the time.

A key ingredient that makes cigarettes more addictive is the inclusion of reconstituted tobacco, which has additives to make nicotine more volatile as the cigarette burns.

Betting has always been a key ingredient of greyhound racing, both through on-course bookmakers and the totalisator, first introduced in 1930.

Neem is a key ingredient in non-pesticidal management ( NPM ), providing a natural alternative to synthetic pesticides.

* Jasmine, a key ingredient of many perfumes, was brought to southern France by the Moors in the 16th century.

Since Roundup is a key ingredient in the multibillion-dollar aerial coca eradication campaign undertaken by the government of Colombia with U. S. financial and military backing known as Plan Colombia, increasing popularity of Boliviana negra amongst growers could have serious repurcussions for the War on Drugs.

Ground chiles, or paprika, hot or otherwise, are a key ingredient in chorizo, which is then called picante ( if hot chilli are added ) or dulce ( if otherwise ).

An industry was founded in Yorkshire to process the shale which contained the key ingredient, aluminium sulfate, and made an important contribution to the Industrial Revolution.

Crème pâtissière is a key ingredient in many French desserts including mille-feuille ( or Napoleons ) and filled tarts.

It is also a key ingredient in sweet lassi, a drink made from yogurt, sugar and various fruit juices, and is also used to make jallab.

It is a key ingredient in Mexican atole de anís or champurrado, which is similar to hot chocolate, and it is taken as a digestive after meals in India.

It is the key ingredient in the grilled Reuben sandwich, consisting of corned beef, Swiss cheese, sauerkraut, and Thousand Island or Russian dressing on rye bread.

This key result opened the way for a proof of the Weil conjectures, ultimately completed by his student Pierre Deligne.

As for other popular public key cryptosystems, no mathematical proof of security has been published for ECC.

In the United States, variances in the insanity defense between states, and in the federal court system, are attributable to differences with respect to three key issues: ( 1 ) Whether to provide the insanity defense, ( 2 ) how to define " insanity ," and ( 3 ) the burden of proof.

A central problem with the use of public-key cryptography is confidence ( ideally, proof ) that a particular public key is correct, and belongs to the person or entity claimed ( i. e. is " authentic "), and has not been tampered with, or replaced by, a malicious third party ( a " man-in-the-middle ").

Rather than transmitting a password, or transmitting the hash of the password, password-authenticated key agreement systems can perform a zero-knowledge password proof, which proves knowledge of the password without exposing it.

This " proof " was a key part of the US accusation that Iraq was restarting its nuclear weapons program.

One key point of proof was missing from the broadcast: the North Vietnamese Army, who had chemical warfare units stationed in southern Laos at the time, made no comment on what would have been a propaganda coup of gigantic proportions.

This allowed him to show a correspondence between statements about natural numbers and statements about the provability of theorems about natural numbers, the key observation of the proof.

According to the Home Office, the burden of proof that an accused person is in possession of a key rests on the prosecution ; moreover, the act contains a defence for operators who have lost or forgotten a key, and they are not liable if they are judged to have done what they can to recover a key.

Aside from Section 1519 ’ s 20-year maximum prison sentence ( no small benefit to the government in big-dollar fraud loss cases such as Wolff ), its primary appeal is that it uniquely removes certain key proof burdens from prosecutors ’ collective shoulders.

( The last inequality can be generalized to arbitrary curvature bound and is the key point in the proof of Gromov's compactness theorem.

( This theorem can also be used as the key step in the proof of existence and uniqueness of solutions to ordinary differential equations.

An alternate proof ( which works only in finite dimensions ) instead uses as the key tool the extreme value theorem for functions on a compact set.

A key tool used in the formulation and proof of the singularity theorems is the Raychaudhuri equation, which describes the divergence of a congruence ( family ) of geodesics.

A key component of the proof implicitly showed determinacy of parity games, which lie in the third level of the Borel hierarchy.

The Serre duality is also a key ingredient in the proof of the Riemann – Roch theorem.

Examples of more sophisticated challenge – response algorithms are zero-knowledge password proof and key agreement systems ( such as Secure Remote Password ( SRP )), CRAM-MD5, and ssh's challenge – response system based on RSA.

Voevodsky's Fields medal-winning proof of the Milnor conjecture uses these motives as a key ingredient.

Proposition 65 remained politically controversial for well over a decade after it passed, in large part because, in effect, it put the burden of proof on business instead of government to make a key scientific determination about safety levels for specific chemicals.

Dods felt that mesmerism would provide scientific proof for key aspects of religious faith.

Maturin tries everything he can to help Aubrey, using his colleagues in the government and hiring an investigator, but cannot secure enough proof to win an acquittal — Palmer, the key figure, having been murdered and mutilated, largely due to the excessive bounty Maturin had placed on his capture.

One of the key tools introduced in his proof is now known as