In linguistics, creaky voice ( sometimes called laryngealisation, pulse phonation, vocal fry, or glottal fry ), is a special kind of phonation in which the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx are drawn together ; as a result, the vocal folds are compressed rather tightly, becoming relatively slack and compact.

For instance, Tecumseh Fitch has argued that the descended larynx is not unique to humans.

A goitre or goiter ( Latin gutteria, struma ), is a swelling of the thyroid gland, which can lead to a swelling of the neck or larynx ( voice box ).

The full name of the specialty is otorhinolaryngology from neoclassical Greek and modern Greek: ωτο ( ρ ) ρινολαρυγγολογία from ῥινο -, rhino-( root of ῥίς ) " nose ", ὠτ -, ot-( root of οὖς ) " ear ", λαρυγγ -, laryng-( root of λάρυγξ ) " larynx / throat ", and the suffix-logy " study "; thus, the term literally means " the study of ear and throat ".

The larynx or voice box is a cylindrical framework of cartilage that serves to anchor the vocal folds.

Unlike the passive articulation, which is a continuum, there are five discrete active articulators: the lip ( labial consonants ), the flexible front of the tongue ( coronal consonants: laminal, apical, and subapical ), the middle – back of the tongue ( dorsal consonants ), the root of the tongue together with the epiglottis ( radical consonants ), and the larynx ( laryngeal consonants ).

Other phoneticians, though, call this process quasi-periodic vibration voicing, and they use the term phonation to refer to any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream, of which voicing is just one example.

The phonatory process, or voicing, occurs when air is expelled from the lungs through the glottis, creating a pressure drop across the larynx.

The oscillation of the vocal folds serves to modulate the pressure and flow of the air through the larynx, and this modulated airflow is the main component of the sound of most voiced phones.

The sound that the larynx produces is a harmonic series.

The vocal folds will not oscillate if they are not sufficiently close to one another, are not under sufficient tension or under too much tension, or if the pressure drop across the larynx is not sufficiently large.

Smaller changes in tension can be effected by contraction of the thyroarytenoid muscle or changes in the relative position of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, as may occur when the larynx is lowered or raised, either volitionally or through movement of the tongue to which the larynx is attached via the hyoid bone.

In addition to tension changes, fundamental frequency is also affected by the pressure drop across the larynx, which is mostly affected by the pressure in the lungs, and will also vary with the distance between the vocal folds.

The organ is situated on the anterior side of the neck, lying against and around the larynx and trachea, reaching posteriorly the oesophagus and carotid sheath.

In essence, sound is generated in the larynx by chopping up a steady flow of air into little puffs of sound waves.

The perceived pitch of a person's voice is determined by a number of different factors, most importantly the fundamental frequency of the sound generated by the larynx.

It has clearly been seen that the larynx is somewhat affected by hormonal changes, but surprisingly, very few studies are working on elucidating this relationship.

This means that the vagus nerve is responsible for such varied tasks as heart rate, gastrointestinal peristalsis, sweating, and quite a few muscle movements in the mouth, including speech ( via the recurrent laryngeal nerve ) and keeping the larynx open for breathing ( via action of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, the only abductor of the vocal folds ).

In linguistics, voicelessness is the property of sounds being pronounced without the larynx vibrating.

Phonologically, this is a type of phonation, which contrasts with other states of the larynx, but some object that the word " phonation " implies voicing, and that voicelessness is the lack of phonation.

Another major influence on vocal sound and production is the function of the larynx, which people can manipulate in different ways to produce different sounds.

Another major influence on vocal sound and production is the function of the larynx which people can manipulate in different ways to produce different sounds.

The presence of acid reflux disease ( GERD-gastroesphogeal reflux disease ) or larynx reflux disease can also be a major factor.

A number of other changes have also characterized the evolution of humans, among them an increased importance on vision rather than smell ; a smaller gut ; loss of body hair ; evolution of sweat glands ; a change in the shape of the dental arcade from being u-shaped to being parabolic ; development of a chin ( only found in Homo sapiens ), development of styloid processes ; development of a descended larynx.

Recently the only way I could get control over the pain was by sitting in bed, pulling a chair close, and pressing my larynx against the back of the chair.

It is used as a last resort, only to heal from severe physical damage preventing her to speak, like having her larynx mangled by a bullet, or her mouth magically erased by her own powers.

Higher-pitched sounds are associated with smaller creatures because smaller creatures can only make such high frequency sounds given their smaller larynx sizes.

In total laryngectomy the entire larynx is removed and in partial laryngectomy only a portion is taken out.

However, many laryngeal cancer cases are now treated only with more conservative surgeries through the mouth or with radiation and / or chemotherapy ; laryngectomy is performed when those treatments fail to conserve the larynx or there is sufficient destruction by the cancer that would prevent normal function once it is destroyed.

The crew included glamorous Doctor Venus, a doctor of space medicine ; middle-aged navigator and engineer Professor Matthew Matic and co-pilot Robert, a transparent anthropomorphic robot who would most commonly proclaim ON-OUR-WAY-HOME .. Robert was the only character in an Anderson series that was actually voiced by Anderson himself, albeit with the aid of an artificial larynx.

* Robert the Robot, co-pilot of XL5, a transparent robot invented by Professor Matic and Earth's most advanced mechanical man ( voiced by an uncredited Gerry Anderson using an artificial larynx and the only main character Gerry Anderson ever voiced in one of his series ).

Although attempts were made to save his voice, he subsequently suffered from pneumonia caused by his inability to properly swallow food, and was thereafter only able to speak with the aid of a mechanical larynx.

The cricothyroid muscle is the only tensor muscle of the larynx, aiding with phonation.

) articulate and filter the sound emanating from the larynx and to some degree can interact with the laryngeal airflow to strengthen it or weaken it as a sound source.

Fine manipulation of the larynx is used to generate a source sound with a particular fundamental frequency, or pitch.

The vocal tract is the cavity in human beings and in animals where sound that is produced at the sound source ( larynx in mammals ; syrinx in birds ) is filtered.

Most felids seem to be able to purr, vibrating the muscles in their larynx to produce a distinctive buzzing sound.

# The vocal folds in the larynx vibrate, creating fluctuations in air pressure that are known as sound waves.

The larynx () ( plural larynges ), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the neck of amphibians, reptiles, and mammals ( including humans ) involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.

The larynx also has a similar function as the lungs in creating pressure differences required for sound production ; a constricted larynx can be raised or lowered affecting the volume of the oral cavity as necessary in glottalic consonants.

Voice disorders-group of problems involving abnormal pitch, loudness, or quality of the sound produced by the larynx ( voice box ).

The partials ( fundamental and overtones ) of a sound wave made by the human voice can be selectively amplified by changing the shape of the resonant cavities of the mouth, larynx and pharynx.

Microbats generate ultrasound via the larynx and emit the sound through the nose or the open mouth.

In its physical aspect, singing has a well-defined technique that depends on the use of the lungs, which act as an air supply, or bellows ; on the larynx, which acts as a reed or vibrator ; on the chest and head cavities, which have the function of an amplifier, as the tube in a wind instrument ; and on the tongue, which together with the palate, teeth, and lips articulate and impose consonants and vowels on the amplified sound.

) When air passes through the larynx on the way from the lungs, the cartilage walls of the larynx vibrate, producing sound.