Sylvester III, sometimes listed as an antipope, appears in the Holy See's Annuario Pontificio as a pope: because of obscurities about mid-11th-century canon law and the historical facts, it expresses no judgement on his legitimacy.

" In practical terms, the most important law in the code may well be the very first: " We enjoin, what is most necessary, that each man keep carefully his oath and his pledge ," which expresses a fundamental tenet of Anglo-Saxon law.

However, Twomey expresses confidence that, if the High Court of Australia were to be faced with the problems of covering clause 2, it would find some way to conclude that, with regard to Australia, the clause is subject solely to Australian law.

In his treatise Leviathan, ( 1651 ), Hobbes expresses a view of natural law as a precept, or general rule, found out by reason, by which a man is forbidden to do that which is destructive of his life, or takes away the means of preserving the same ; and to omit that by which he thinks it may best be preserved.

The second law concerns a quantity called entropy, that expresses limitations, arising from what is known as irreversibility, on the amount of thermodynamic work that can be delivered to an external system by a thermodynamic process.

The Beruf unserer Zeit, in addition to the more specific object the treatise had in view, which has been already treated, expresses the idea, unfamiliar in 1814, that law is part and parcel of national life, and combats the notion, too much assumed by French jurists, especially in the 18th century, and countenanced in practice by Bentham, that law might be arbitrarily imposed on a country irrespective of its state of civilization and history.

The tax had been justified, says Clarendon, who expresses his admiration at Hampden's " rare temper and modesty " at this crisis, " upon such grounds and reasons as every standerby was able to swear was not law " ( Hist.

Estoppel by representation of fact and promissory estoppel are mutually exclusive: the former is based on a representation of existing fact ( or of mixed fact and law ), while the latter is based on a promise not to enforce some pre-existing right ( i. e. it expresses an intention as to the future ).

In the notes to his poems he expresses enlightened views on popular education, the criminal law and other public questions.

A scientific law or scientific principle is a concise verbal or mathematical statement of a relation that expresses a fundamental principle of science, like Newton's law of universal gravitation.

The Talmud expresses caution in regard to figurative interpretations of this principle, emphasising that the law only really covers those situations where the other individual could not possibly have committed the transgression without the aid of the first person violating the lifnei iver rule ; this is known in the Talmud as two sides to the river ( Trei Ivrah deNaharah )-if, for example, the person who took a nazirite vow had been about to take a glass of wine anyway, then handing them a glass of wine would not transgress lifnei iver.

The moral law expresses the positive content of freedom, while being free from influence expresses its negative content.

: European Parliament expresses its deepest concern at the large number of missiles in southern China aimed across the Taiwan Straits and at the so-called " anti-secession law " of the People's Republic of China that in an unjustified way aggravates the situation across the Straits ; calls on the People's Republic of China and on the R. O. C.

The offer is indignantly rejected at a meeting of the giants, where one of Cossar's sons expresses a belief in growth as part of the law of life: " We fight for not for ourselves but for growth, growth that goes on for ever.

Using the rebellion ( which clinched several demands for the peasants ) as an allegory, Gower expresses his concern for a future vacant of law and education.

found grounds for concern with the conduct of both the US and member states of the EU and expresses concern for the disregard of international law and the Geneva Convention.

Leibniz claimed that the law of Identity, which he expresses as ' Everything is what it is ,' is the first primitive truth of reason which is affirmative, and the law of noncontradiction, is the first negative truth ( Nouv.

Forty-four percent said the person should be allowed to live when asked, " f a person becomes incapacitated and has no written statement that expresses his or her wishes regarding health care, should the law presume that the person wants to live, even if the person is receiving food and water through a tube?

The causal concept, as given by experience, expresses not a necessary objective order of things, but an ordered scheme of perception ; it is subjective and cannot be postulated as a concrete law apart from consciousness.

His father was a professor at Hartford Theological Seminary, and from him he acquired a conviction, which he passed along to me, that there is in the universe of persons a moral law, the law of love, which is a natural law in the same sense as is the physical law.

To obey the moral law is just ordinary common sense, applied to a neglected field.

Meanwhile, in Moscow, Khrushchev was adding his bit to the march of world law by promising to build a bomb with a wallop equal to 100 million tons of TNT, to knock sense into the heads of those backward oafs who can't see the justice of surrendering West Berlin to communism.

International law had to fit the conditions of Europe, and nothing that could not fit this system, or the interests of the great European nations collectively, could possibly emerge as law in any meaningful sense.

Once he has received this blessing, the abbot not only becomes father of his monks in a spiritual sense, but their major superior under canon law, and has the additional authority to confer the ministries of acolyte and lector ( formerly, he could confer the minor orders, which are not sacraments, that these ministries have replaced ).

In terms of ultra vires actions in the broad sense, a reviewing court may set aside an administrative decision if it is unreasonable ( under Canadian law, following the rejection of the " Patently Unreasonable " standard by the Supreme Court in Dunsmuir v. New Brunswick ), Wednesbury unreasonable ( under British law ), or arbitrary and capricious ( under U. S. Administrative Procedure Act and New York State law ).

There is also a U. S. Supreme Court case that predates the dictionary, Jackson ex dem Bradford v. Huntington, that uses the phrase " black letter " in the same sense as black letter law: " It is seldom that a case in our time savors so much of the black letter, but the course of decisions in New York renders it unavailable.

On the other hand, some cosmologists insist that energy is conserved in some sense ; this follows the law of conservation of energy.

One of the earliest articulations of the anthropological meaning of the term " culture " came from Sir Edward Tylor who writes on the first page of his 1897 book: “ Culture, or civilization, taken in its broad, ethnographic sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society .” The term " civilization " later gave way to definitions by V. Gordon Childe, with culture forming an umbrella term and civilization becoming a particular kind of culture.

Sir Henry Maine ( 1861 ) studied the ancient codes available in his day, and failed to find any criminal law in the " modern " sense of the word.

Unspecific coercion is thus the same thing as the rule of law in its widest sense.

Several disciplines have developed as separate branches of comparative law, including comparative constitutional law, comparative administrative law, comparative civil law ( in the sense of the law of torts, delicts, contracts and obligations ), comparative commercial law ( in the sense of business organisations and trade ), and comparative criminal law.

By making inroads in the name of law enforcement into the protection which Congress has afforded to the marriage relationship, the Court today continues in the path charted by the recent decision in Wyatt v. United States, 362 U.S. 525, where the Court held that, under the circumstances of that case, a wife could be compelled to testify against her husband over her objection.

The Court held that Congress had intended the federal judiciary to `` fashion '' an appropriate law of labor-management contracts.

Does Lincoln Mills suggest that if Congress granted jurisdiction over interstate divorce cases, the federal courts would be authorized to fashion a national law for the dissolution of marriages??

With few exceptions, Congress has not given federal courts exclusive authority to enforce rights arising under federal law.

Consider what happened during World War 1,, when the Protestant churches united to push the Prohibition law through Congress.

The President noted that Congress last year passed a law providing grants to states to help pay medical bills of the needy aged.

The American Constitution was historic at this point in providing that `` Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof ''.

* Anti-Deficiency Act, U. S. law that prohibits the federal government from incurring debts not authorized by Congress

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ( ADA ) is a law that was enacted by the U. S. Congress in 1990.

His veto message objected to the measure because it conferred citizenship on the freedmen at a time when eleven out of thirty-six states were unrepresented in the Congress, and the bill also attempted to fix, by federal law, " a perfect equality of the white and black races in every State of the Union.

However, the Republicans in Congress overrode his veto and the Civil Rights measure became law.

Johnson said he would sooner sever his right arm from his body than sign the law, and vetoed it ; and Congress overrode his veto.

Shortly after the Thomas confirmation hearings, President George H. W. Bush dropped his opposition to a bill giving harassment victims the right to seek federal damage awards, back pay and reinstatement, and the law was passed by Congress.

Congress has also created some special judicial bodies known as Article I tribunals to handle some areas of administrative law.

Because the United States Constitution sets no limits on this tripartite authority of administrative agencies, Congress enacted the APA to establish fair administrative law procedures to comply with the constitutional requirements of due process.

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991 the status of the treaty became unclear, debated by members of Congress and professors of law.

To consider but one example, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution states " Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof "— but interpretation ( that is, determining the fine boundaries, and resolving the tension between the " establishment " and " free exercise " clauses ) of each of the important terms was delegated by Article III of the Constitution to the judicial branch, so that the current legal boundaries of the Constitutional text can only be determined by consulting the common law.

The Northwest Ordinance, which was approved by the Congress of the Confederation in 1787, guaranteed " judicial proceedings according to the course of the common law.

Before 1938, the federal courts, like almost all other common law courts, decided the law on any issue where the relevant legislature ( either the U. S. Congress or state legislature, depending on the issue ), had not acted, by looking to courts in the same system, that is, other federal courts, even on issues of state law, and even where there was no express grant of authority from Congress or the Constitution.