Judges are selected from amongst leading literary critics, writers, academics and leading public figures.

In Berlin, Munch involved himself in an international circle of writers, artists and critics, including the Swedish dramatist and leading intellectual August Strindberg, whom he painted in 1892.

Most of the big innovations in tragedy were made by Aeschylus and Sophocles and yet " Euripides made innovations on a smaller scale that have impressed some critics as cumulatively leading to a radical change of direction.

Ultimately, critics say, the many ways the term feudalism has been used have deprived it of specific meaning, leading some historians and political theorists to reject it as a useful concept for understanding society.

Hayek was one of the leading academic critics of collectivism in the 20th century.

The overriding message of violence inevitably leading to more violence attracted Cagney to the role of an Irish Republican Army commander, and resulted in what some critics would regard as the finest performance of his final years.

The conflicts of masculinity are also a major theme of his work, leading some critics to compare him to Ernest Hemingway.

However, some critics have argued that the language of sociobiology sometimes slips from " is " to " ought ", leading sociobiologists to make arguments against social reform on the basis that socially progressive societies are at odds with our innermost nature.

In doing so, she draws on Sociology, Anthropology, and Psychology, leading some critics to categorize her work as soft science fiction.

In his conflict with the latter, Pope John XXII excommunicated two leading philosophers, Marsilius of Padua and William Ockham, who were outspoken critics of the Papacy, and who had found refuge with Ludwig of Bavaria in Munich.

A native of Davenport, Iowa, Beiderbecke taught himself to play cornet largely by ear, leading him to adopt a non-standard fingering that some critics have connected to his original sound.

From the beginning of his career, Ingres freely borrowed from earlier art, adopting the historical style appropriate to his subject, leading critics to charge him with plundering the past.

On this second visit to England, he was lauded by the English nobility and critics alike, and invited to exhibit at leading art societies ; moreover, King George III is said to have commissioned the out-sized painting River Landscape with the Finding of Moses ( 1768 ).

At the time of his deployment to Europe during World War I ( 1914 – 1918 ), Kilmer was considered the leading American Roman Catholic poet and lecturer of his generation, whom critics often compared to British contemporaries G. K. Chesterton ( 1874 – 1936 ) and Hilaire Belloc ( 1870 – 1953 ).

He starred in a leading role in the highly sexualized erotic thriller Color of Night ( 1994 ), which was very poorly received by critics, but did well in the home video market and became one of the Top 20 most-rented films in the United States in 1995.

He amused the comtesse de Vaux's 200 guests with a parody of Félicien David's currently fashionable Le désert, and in April 1846 gave a concert at which seven operatic items of his own composition were premiered before an audience that included leading music critics.

Since he first came to prominence in the mid-1960s, critics have cited Campbell as one of the leading writers in his field: T. E. D. Klein has written that " Campbell reigns supreme in the field today ", while S. T. Joshi stated, " future generations will regard him as the leading horror writer of our generation, every bit the equal of Lovecraft or Blackwood.

In an attempt at reconciliation with Parliament, Charles gave royal assent to the Bill of Attainder and invited leading Parliamentary critics to join his Privy Council.

Some critics see these changes as due to, or leading to, a loss of reverence.

Nevertheless, Alloway was one of the leading critics to defend the inclusion of the imagery found in mass culture in fine arts.

This leads to the European Union purchasing millions of tonnes of surplus output every year at the stated guaranteed market price, and storing this produce in large quantities ( leading to what critics have called ' butter mountains ' and ' milk lakes '), before selling the produce wholesale to developing nations.

In 2006, a group of ten European media outlets voted the Berlin Philharmonic number three on a list of " top ten European Orchestras ", after the Vienna Philharmonic and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, while in 2008 it was voted the world's number two orchestra in a survey among leading international music critics organized by the British magazine Gramophone ( behind the Concertgebouw ).

As editor, Mackenzie was perhaps a little too vocal, leading the paper to a suit of law for libel against the local conservative candidate.

And, Offa is not known to have issued a law code, leading historian Patrick Wormald to speculate that Alfred had in mind the legatine capitulary of 786 that was presented to Offa by two papal legates.

ASU offers over 250 majors to undergraduate students, and more than 100 graduate programs leading to numerous masters and doctoral degrees in the liberal arts and sciences, design and arts, engineering, journalism, education, business, law, nursing, public policy, technology, and sustainability.

Chief Richard Akinjide, a former Nigerian Attorney-General and Minister of Justice who had been a leading member of Nigeria's legal team, described the decision as " 50 % international law and 50 % international politics ", " blatantly biased and unfair ", " a total disaster ", and a " complete fraud ".

Wu Jinglian, one of China's leading economists and a longtime champion of its transition to free markets, says that it faces two starkly contrasting futures: a market economy under the rule of law or crony capitalism.

An hypothesis leading to a natural law?

In 1982, a radical liberalization of the law on cable was proposed by the Information Technology Advisory Panel, for the sake of promoting a new generation of broadband cable systems leading to the wired society After setting up and receiving the conclusions of the Hunt Inquiry into Cable Expansion and Broadcasting Policy, the Government decided to proceed with liberalization and two pieces of legislation: the Cable and Broadcasting Act and the Telecommunications Act, were enacted in 1984.

This led the Ottoman government to agree to an arrangement whereby the different nahiyes ( districts ) of the Chouf would be granted in iltizam (" fiscal concession ") to one of the region's amirs, or leading chiefs, leaving the maintenance of law and order and the collection of its taxes in the area in the hands of the appointed amir.

The common law also continues to play a leading role in American water law, in the doctrines of riparian rights and prior appropriation.

The earliest known use of an expert witness in English law came in 1782, when a court that was hearing litigation relating to the silting-up of Wells harbour in Norfolk accepted evidence from a leading civil engineer, John Smeaton.

He anticipated modern Islamists by leading a jihad movement and attempted to create an Islamic state with strict enforcement of Islamic law.

His concept of velayat-e-faqih (" guardianship of the jurist "), held that the leading Shia Muslim cleric in society – which Khomeini and his followers believed to be himself – should serve as head of state in order to protect or " guard " Islam and Sharia law from " innovation " and " anti-Islamic laws " passed " by sham parliaments.

As usual the law applied to all of India, except Jammu and Kashmir ( again leading to accusations of selective secularism ).

During the 12th century, there were contrary opinions expressed about the nature of kingship, and many contemporary writers believed that monarchs should rule in accordance with the custom and the law, and take council with the leading members of the realm.

In common law systems that rely on testimony by witnesses, a leading question or suggestive interrogation is a question that suggests the particular answer or contains the information the examiner is looking to have confirmed.

Yet, since religion was infused in every area of life, rules for governing society, resolution of disputes, and enforcing safety and public order were also governed by the religious law, leading to an overlap of religion and modern conceptions of law.

His grandfather Mohammad Yahya Khan ( father in law of Amir Yaqub Khan ) was in charge of the negotiations with the British leading to the Treaty of Gandamak.

The decemvirate of 451 is believed to have included the most controversial points of customary law, and to have assumed the leading functions in Rome.

Further on, after institutionalizing Sharia law in the northern part of the country along with Hassan al-Turabi, al-Bashir issued purges and executions in the upper ranks of the army, the banning of associations, political parties, and independent newspapers and the imprisonment of leading political figures and journalists.

A playwright and close friend of many leading literary figures, Talfourd felt that copyright law needed to be strengthened to provide adequate rewards for authors and artists.

There was one John the Baptist, who was the forerunner of Jesus in accordance with the law of parity ; and as Jesus had twelve Apostles, bearing the number of the twelve solar months, so had he thirty leading men, making up the monthly tale of the moon.

Finally, it may not be a logical deduction, but to my imagination it is far more satisfactory to look at such instincts as the young cuckoo ejecting its foster-brothers, — ants making slaves, — the larvæ of ichneumonidæ feeding within the live bodies of caterpillars, — not as specially endowed or created instincts, but as small consequences of one general law, leading to the advancement of all organic beings, namely, multiply, vary, let the strongest live and the weakest die.

While in power, it enforced its strict interpretation of Sharia law, and leading Muslims have been highly critical of the Taliban's interpretations of Islamic law.