In this model the two universes do not interact, except via local matter accumulation whose density and pressure would become high enough to connect the two sheets through a bridge without spacetime between them, but with geodesics continuity beyond the radius limit allowing an exchange of matter.

The Thomas-Fermi theory, developed in the 1920s, was used to estimate electronic energy levels by treating the local electron density as a variational parameter.

Coulomb and Mott scattering measurements can be made by using electron beams as scattering probes, and similarly, positron annihilation can be used as an indirect measurement of local electron density.

The problem with this idea is that while the faster moving molecules produce more force, they also do a better job of stopping other molecules from reaching the vane, so the net force on the vane should be exactly the same — the greater temperature causes a decrease in local density which results in the same force on both sides.

It measures the amount of " stuff " flowing through a surface per unit time in a " stuff fluid " of density moving with local velocity F. Its exterior derivative is then given by

The power available from falling water can be calculated from the flow rate and density of water, the height of fall, and the local acceleration due to gravity.

Fluid density and local gravity can vary from one reading to another depending on local factors, so the height of a fluid column does not define pressure precisely.

Even though some nuclides that decay by the process of electron capture, such as beryllium-7, strontium-85, and zirconium-89, are not fully suitable for radiometric dating because their decay rate may be slightly affected by local electron density, in general, the half-life of a nuclide depends solely on its nuclear properties and is essentially a constant.

Dan Immergluck writes that in 2002 small businesses in black neighborhoods still received fewer loans, even after accounting for businesses density, businesses size, industrial mix, neighborhood income, and the credit quality of local businesses.

The resulting tunneling current is a function of tip position, applied voltage, and the local density of states ( LDOS ) of the sample.

This type of measurement is called scanning tunneling spectroscopy ( STS ) and typically results in a plot of the local density of states as a function of energy within the sample.

The advantage of STM over other measurements of the density of states lies in its ability to make extremely local measurements: for example, the density of states at an impurity site can be compared to the density of states far from impurities.

One can sum the probability over energies between E < sub > f </ sub > − eV and E < sub > f </ sub > to get the number of states available in this energy range per unit volume, thereby finding the local density of states ( LDOS ) near the Fermi level.

Large-scale wildebeest migration is quite likely a consequence of decisions being made by individuals at multiple spatial scales, involving a balance of food abundance, food quality, local density of other wildebeest, social interactions, surface water, perceived predation risk, and culturally ( or possibly genetically ) learned routes and ranges.

At position r within the sample, let there be a density of scatterers f ( r ); these scatterers should produce a scattered spherical wave of amplitude proportional to the local amplitude of the incoming wave times the number of scatterers in a small volume dV about r

The values of these parameters vary with the local chemical composition and density of the Earth.

Its width depends on the height and shape of the ionosphere and, particularly, on the local ionospheric maximum electron density characterized by critical frequency foF2.

This sometimes requires local governmental bodies to implement code changes that allow increased height and density downtown and regulations that not only eliminate minimum parking requirements for new development but establish a maximum number of allowed spaces.

These findings led them to propose the paradox of intensification, which states " Ceteris paribus, urban intensification which increases population density will reduce per capita car use, with benefits to the global environment, but will also increase concentrations of motor traffic, worsening the local environment in those locations where it occurs ".

The lowest local government expenditures per capita are not in the higher density, slower growing, and older municipalities.

The surface density of the exosphere is from 10 < sup > 5 </ sup > to 10 < sup > 6 </ sup > molecules in a cubic centimeter depending on local temperature.

Dan Immergluck writes that in 2002 small businesses in black neighborhoods still received fewer loans, even after accounting for business density, business size, industrial mix, neighborhood income, and the credit quality of local businesses.

The local and global points of view have different notions of time.

As this would be a major project in a sensitive area the club has taken into consideration many points local residents may have problems with.

This includes blankets, which is also a local necessity for the desert is not just a land of dust and heat, but winter nights here are very cold, usually below freezing points.

As a method of in-band signaling, DTMF tones were also used by cable television broadcasters to indicate the start and stop times of local commercial insertion points during station breaks for the benefit of cable companies.

However, the Theorema Egregium of Carl Friedrich Gauss showed that already for surfaces, the existence of a local isometry imposes strong compatibility conditions on their metrics: the Gaussian curvatures at the corresponding points must be the same.

Though educational reform occurred on a local level at various points throughout history, the modern notion of education reform is tied with the spread of Compulsory education-education reforms did not become widespread until after organized schooling was sufficiently systematized to be ' reformed.

A 2007 study looked at the introduction of Fox News into local U. S. markets between 1996 and 2000, and found that in the 2000 presidential election " Republicans gained 0. 4 to 0. 7 percentage points in the towns that broadcast Fox News ".

Others argue that the evidence points to the Lusitanians being a native Iberian tribe, resulting from intermarriage between different local tribes.

All points of the local sky at that era were brighter than the circle of the sun, due to the high temperature of the universe in that prehistoric era ; and we have seen that most light rays will terminate not in a star but in the relic of the Big Bang.

The other argument was that by slighting potential strong points in ones own territory, an enemy expeditionary force, or local enemy rising, would find it more difficult to consolidate territorial gains against an inevitable counter attack.

* In many problems, GAs may have a tendency to converge towards local optima or even arbitrary points rather than the global optimum of the problem.

Data transmission is utilized in computer networking equipment such as modems ( 1940 ), local area networks ( LAN ) adapters ( 1964 ), repeaters, hubs, microwave links, wireless network access points ( 1997 ), etc.

IMC is formed of local collectives which are expected to be open and inclusive of individuals from a variety of different local anti-capitalist points of view, whether or not these have any definite political philosophy, so that even those without internet access can participate in both content creation and in content consumption.

Those who argue against ICAIS point out that much of the problem would be solved by building local exchange points.

If f is a differentiable function on R ( or an open interval ) and x is a local maximum or a local minimum of f, then the derivative of f at x is zero ; points where are called critical points or stationary points ( and the value of f at x is called a critical value ).

Taking derivatives and solving for critical points is therefore often a simple way to find local minima or maxima, which can be useful in optimization.

This also has applications in graph sketching: once the local minima and maxima of a differentiable function have been found, a rough plot of the graph can be obtained from the observation that it will be either increasing or decreasing between critical points.

It is likely that Philolaus believed that the whole orbit of Earth was composed of an ethereal sphere, with the Earth and Counter-Earth being local dense points on the surface.

This peculiarity gives Salerno special tourist characteristics that are increased by the many local points of tourist interest like the Lungomare Trieste, the Castello di Arechi, the Duomo and the Museo Didattico della Scuola Medica Salernitana.