Additionally, notable logicians of the Lwów-Warsaw School of Logic, working at Warsaw, have included:

Tatarkiewicz belonged to the interbellum Lwów-Warsaw School of Philosophy, created by Kazimierz Twardowski, which gave reborn Poland many outstanding scholars and scientists: philosophers, logicians, psychologists, sociologists, and organizers of academia.

One of the most significant logicians of all time, Gödel made an immense impact upon scientific and philosophical thinking in the 20th century, a time when many, such as Bertrand Russell, A. N. Whitehead and David Hilbert, were pioneering the use of logic and set theory to understand the foundations of mathematics.

As a result, many of the advances achieved by Leibniz were reachieved by logicians like George Boole and Augustus De Morgan completely independent of Leibniz.

John Stuart Mill seems to have been an advocate of a type of logical psychologism, as were many nineteenth-century German logicians such as Sigwart and Erdmann as well as a number of psychologists, past and present: for example, Gustave Le Bon.

The first logicians to debate conditional statements were Diodorus and his pupil Philo of Megara.

The next ten or fifteen years were those of greatest acceptance of his work by the public and other thinkers, but unfortunately not by main-stream logicians and philosophers.

Polish spaces are so named because they were first extensively studied by Polish topologists and logicians — Sierpiński, Kuratowski, Tarski and others.

Among his students were the logicians Stanisław Leśniewski, Jan Łukasiewicz and Tadeusz Czeżowski, the historian of philosophy Władysław Tatarkiewicz, the phenomenologist and aesthetician Roman Ingarden, as well as philosophers close to the Vienna Circle such as Tadeusz Kotarbiński and Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz.

The logicians of this school were primarily interested in defining their terms and concepts related to non-binary logical categories.

John Stuart Mill seems to have been an advocate of a type of logical psychologism ( although his rejection of a static ontology arguably makes his psychologism flexible enough to accommodate its detractors ' criticisms ), as were many nineteenth-century German logicians such as Sigwart and Erdmann as well as a number of psychologists, past and present: for example, Gustave Le Bon.

: The supposed conflict between Benedict's and Herskovits's call for tolerance and the untolerant passion with which they called for it turns out not to be the simple contradiction so many amateur logicians have held it to be, but the expression of a perception, caused by thinking a lot about Zunis and Dahomys, that the world being so full of a number of things, rushing to judgement is more than a mistake, it is a crime.

According to Watts, and in keeping with the common practice of logicians of his day, Watts defined logic as an art ( see liberal arts ), as opposed to a science.

... I therefore leave this question to the logicians with the above brief indication of a difficulty.

A few logicians developed systems with three subjects, or described a way of elaborating the rules of three subjects.

The theory of real closed fields was invented by algebraists, but taken up with enthusiasm by logicians.

* Recently, many logicians interested in structural proof theory have proposed calculi with deep inference, for instance display logic, hypersequents, the calculus of structures, and bunched implication.

The faculty affiliated with the Logic Center includes members of the UCLA Departments of Mathematics, Philosophy and Linguistics, as well as logicians from Caltech, UC Irvine, and the University of Southern California.

Husserl criticized the logicians of his day for not focusing on the relation between subjective processes that give us objective knowledge of pure logic.

Except for propositional logic, all are complex and can only be understood by mathematicians, logicians or computer scientists.

Aristotle's assertion that "... it will not be possible to be and not to be the same thing ", which would be written in propositional logic as ¬ ( P ∧ ¬ P ), is a statement modern logicians could call the law of excluded middle ( P ∨ ¬ P ), as distribution of the negation of Aristotle's assertion makes them equivalent, regardless that the former claims that no statement is both true and false, while the latter requires that any statement is either true or false.

It is of some interest to logicians and those interested in logic to try to analyse just what Holmes is doing when he performs his " deductions.

Until the coming of the 20th century, later logicians followed Aristotelian logic, which includes or assumes the law of the excluded middle.

Victor Shestakov at Moscow State University ( 1907 – 1987 ) proposed a theory of electric switches based on Boolean logic even earlier than Claude Shannon in 1935 on the testimony of Soviet logicians and mathematicians Yanovskaya, Gaaze-Rapoport, Dobrushin, Lupanov, Medvedev and Uspensky, though they presented their academic theses in the same year, 1938.

A gentle introduction to first-order logic via natural deduction, by two first rate logicians.

In the past few decades, European and American logicians have attempted to provide mathematical foundations for dialectical logic or argument.

Since 1824, Indian logic attracted the attention of many Western scholars, and has had an influence on important 19th-century logicians such as Charles Babbage, Augustus De Morgan, and particularly George Boole, as confirmed by his wife Mary Everest Boole who wrote in an " open letter to Dr Bose " titled " Indian Thought and Western Science in the Nineteenth Century " written in 1901 < ref >

Although a similar observation was made by Aristotle and was known to Greek and Medieval logicians ( in the 14th century, William of Ockham wrote down the words that would result by reading the laws out ), De Morgan is given credit for stating the laws formally and incorporating them in to the language of logic.

The works of al-Farabi, Avicenna, al-Ghazali and other Muslim logicians who often criticized and corrected Aristotelian logic and introduced their own forms of logic, also played a central role in the subsequent development of European logic during the Renaissance.

Important developments made by Muslim logicians included the development of " Avicennian logic " as a replacement of Aristotelian logic.

( It is generally, but not universally, called relevant logic by Australian logicians, and relevance logic by other English-speaking logicians.

His probability logic does not receive much attention from modern logicians.

Many logicians feel that this symmetric presentation offers a deeper insight in the structure of the logic than other styles of proof system, where the classical duality of negation is not as apparent in the rules.

Eventually logicians found that restricting Frege's logic in various ways — to what is now called first-order logic — eliminated this problem: sets and properties cannot be quantified over in first-order-logic alone.

This led medieval logicians to distinguish between what they called the quid nominis or ' whatness of the name ', and the underlying nature common to all the things it names, which they called the quid rei or ' whatness of the thing '.

The calculus of individuals is the starting point for the post-1970 revival of mereology among logicians, ontologists, and computer scientists, a revival well-surveyed in Simons ( 1987 ) and Casati and Varzi ( 1999 ).

For an example of the influence of Schröder's work on English-speaking logicians of the early 20th century, see Clarence Irving Lewis ( 1918 ).

Scholastic logicians translated this into Latin as " quiddity " ( quidditas ).

* The Logicians or the School of Names, which focused on definition and logic.

( No Names ) Club ( Kilburn ), the original Crystal Palace, Blackheath, Kensington School, Perceval House ( Blackheath ), Surbiton and Blackheath Proprietary School ; Charterhouse sent their captain, B. F. Hartshorne, but declined the offer to join.

The later Mohists or the group known as School of Names ( ming jia, 479-221 BCE ),

The Logicians or School of Names ( 名家: Míng jiā ) was a Chinese philosophical school that grew out of Mohism in the Warring States Period in 479 – 221 BCE.

It is also sometimes called Hsing Ming Chia, the School of Forms and Names.

" School of Names.

Category: School of Names

325 – 250 BC ) was a member of the School of Names ( 名家 ; Míng jiā ; Ming-chia ; ming = names ) of ancient Chinese philosophy.

* Section on Gongsun Long in article in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy on the " School of Names.

Category: School of Names

The depiction of Tim Hunter's life continued in a five-issue mini-series called The Names of Magic, in which Tim learnt his true name ( Timothy Hunter ; Tamar, son of Tamlin ; the Opener ; the Merlin ; Magic ) and was accepted into the school of magic, known simply as White School, which exists across the Multiverse of Worlds in DC.

The School of Names or Logicians ( 名家 ; Míngjiā ; Ming-chia ; " School of names ") grew out of Mohism, with a philosophy that focused on definition and logic.

In particular, the School of Scholars ( i. e. the Confucian School ) was born from the officials of the Ministry of Education ; the Taoists came from the historians ; the Ying Yang School was born from the astronomers ; the Legalist School from the Ministry of Justice ; the School of Names from the Ministry of Rituals ; the Mohist School from the Guardians of the Temple ; the School of Diplomacy from the Ministry of Embassies ; the School of Miscellaneous from the government counselors ; the School of Agriculture from the Ministry of the Soil and Wheat ; the School of Minor Talks from the minor officials.