On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered for about 45 % of its surface area at the maximum annually.

The average yearly level varies depending on long-term precipitation.

Finally, if long-term average cost is constantly decreasing, the least cost method to provide a good or service is by a single company.

Despite the wide regional variations in climate by latitude and other geographic factors, the long-term average global climate is quite stable during interglacial periods, and variations of a degree or two of average global temperature have historically had major effects on the ecological balance, and on the actual geography of the Earth.

Concretely: " he long-term average annual profit in the VOC's 1630-70 ' Golden Age ' was 2. 1 million guilders, of which just under half was distributed as dividends and the remainder reinvested.

The unemployment rate is well below average at under 5 %, although of these, 29 % were listed as long-term unemployed.

* Children raised by divorced parents score lower on average than children with continuously married parents on measures of academic success, conduct, psychological adjustment, social competence, and long-term health outcomes.

Average bitrate ( ABR ) encoding may be used to ensure the output stream achieves a predictable long-term average bitrate.

Data sets formed from the long-term average of historical weather parameters are sometimes called a " climatology ".

It studies the periodicity of weather events over years to millennia, as well as changes in long-term average weather patterns, in relation to atmospheric conditions.

It studies the periodicity of weather events over years to millennia, as well as changes in long-term average weather patterns, in relation to atmospheric conditions.

On average, statins can lower LDL cholesterol by 1. 8 mmol / l ( 70 mg / dl ), which translates into a 60 % decrease in the number of cardiac events ( heart attack, sudden cardiac death ) and a 17 % reduced risk of stroke after long-term treatment.

: The long-term average number of customers in a stable system L is equal to the long-term average effective arrival rate, λ, multiplied by the ( Palm -) average time a customer spends in the system, W ; or expressed algebraically: L = λW.

Vast areas of former wetlands in the interior have been drained and cleared for agriculture, the remaining areas are threatened by salinity, by the diversion of water to supply cities and farms, and by long-term climate change: as rains come less often and higher average temperatures increase evaporation, Australia's inland wetlands become less able to sustain life.

As state 5 is an absorbing state the long-term average vector.

Although the species has recovered from that low point, the breeding population in 1999 was 30 % below the long-term average, despite years of major efforts focused on restoring the species.

In Germany shortage of food was an acute problem, according to Alan S. Milward in 1946 – 47 the average kilocalorie intake per day was only 1, 080, an amount insufficient for long-term health.

These sites provide long-term temporal and spatial data such as average temperature, rainfall and other ecological processes.

The Falkland Islands Development Corporation was formed in mid 1984 and in its annual report at the end of that year it set out to increase employment opportunities by encouraging diversification, to increase population levels through selective immigration, to aim for long-term self-sufficiency and to improve community facilities.

In county constituencies in addition to forty-shilling freeholders, franchise rights were extended to owners of land in copyhold worth £ 10 (£ 7, 948. 71 in 2007 ) and holders of long-term leases ( more than sixty years ) on land worth £ 10 and holders of medium-term leases ( between twenty and sixty years ) on land worth £ 50 and to tenants-at-will paying an annual rent of £ 50.

The long-term mean annual rainfall in the municipality of Ponce ranges from in the coastal plain to at the highest elevations of the mountainous interior.

Kentucky NewGas is a state-of-the-art energy center that will transform Kentucky coal into clean natural gas, while creating 500 long-term jobs and $ 100 million in annual economic benefits.

If the observational record is long enough and conditions are stationary ( i. e. there is no significant long-term trend ), a meaningful annual cycle will result that can be used to calculate an anomaly time series.

The city's deficit was a constant problem as well: Barry had recalculated the Washington Administration's claim of a $ 41 million surplus and found that the city was actually $ 285 million in debt, a long-term accrual that even his annual surpluses were unable to surmount by the end of his term.

Staged each June and July, the annual Surfers Paradise Festival is a celebration of local music, food, fashion, film and art and is a key driver of the Gold Coast's long-term cultural development.

Chart 1: GDP annual pattern and long-term trend, 1920-40, in billions of constant dollars

From 1968, Taiwan maintained two-digit long-term annual average economic growth up until the 1973 oil crisis.

Currently, the most significant and long-term threat to the Thai population could be the annual burning of forest areas, which is most prevalent during the bat's breeding season.

With an annual budget of nearly 300 million Euros and supporting approximately 50, 000 grantees annually, approximately 11, 000 of which are on long-term scholarships, the DAAD is in fact the largest such academic grant organisation worldwide.

These have extremely variable flows from year to year, with the smallest annual flow being typically as little as 1 percent of the long-term mean and the largest often more than ten times the mean.

Typically these rivers never cease to flow and the smallest annual flow is typically around 30 percent of the long-term mean and the largest around three times the mean.

: A typical rental is either annual or month-to-month, and the amount of rent may be different for long-term renters ( because of lower turnover costs ).

The BMO Harris Bradley Center is unique in that it was a gift from a family without any provision for the building's long-term capital needs or annual operating expenses.

Many programs restrict annual price appreciation ( by, for instance, enrolling inclusionary housing in community land trusts ), often tying it to inflation plus market value of home improvements, striving to balance the community's interest in long-term affordability with the homeowner's interest in accruing equity over time.

According to the college, the guarantee was made " in the form of a ' challenge grant ' meant to enlarge the College ’ s base of existing donors while solidifying the long-term fiscal health of PHC and its annual scholarship program.

The combined annual circulation of these papers is over 30 million helping 100, 000 homeless or long-term unemployed people throughout the world every year.

Selection strategies have been compared for annual progress in long-term breeding at a given annual cost considering genetic gain, gene diversity, cost components, and time components.

ACH was formed following a memorandum of understanding with Ford Motor Company that " intended to assure the long-term viability of Visteon ", it involved the transfer of 18, 000 hourly workers and 5000 salaried workers to the new entity, reducing Visteon to approximately 52, 000 employees worldwide and $ 11 billion USD in annual sales.

In the 1990s, with increasing costs of running BCYP ’ s annual Session and holding Camp Phoenix, both the Senate and Youth Parliament became increasingly concerned with fundraising and the long-term financial health of the organization.

In 1992, the group met for three days, outside of its annual meeting, to compose a mission statement and long-term goals.

Coin hoarders may be similar to investors in the sense that they accumulate coins for potential long-term profit.

The main purpose of koatari is so that pachinko manufacturers can offer payout schemes that to be largely favorable to customers, without losing any long-term profit.

Speculators play one of four primary roles in financial markets, along with hedgers who engage in transactions to offset some other pre-existing risk, arbitrageurs who seek to profit from situations where fungible instruments trade at different prices in different market segments, and investors who seek profit through long-term ownership of an instrument's underlying attributes.

" Thus, many long-term investors, even those who buy and hold for decades, may be classified as speculators, excepting only the rare few who are primarily motivated by income or safety of principal and not eventually selling at a profit.

Once Robert Rubin, a former co-chairman of Goldman Sachs, became part of the Clinton administration and deregulated banks, the previous conservatism of underwriting established companies and seeking long-term gains was replaced by lower standards and short-term profit.

Nationalization would be the first step in a long-term process of socializing production: introducing employee management and reorganizing production to directly produce for use rather than profit.

Destroying native settlements yields a quick profit and makes land available, but prevents the substantial long-term gains to be made by friendly bargaining and trading.

This can entail the use of long-term profit objectives ( sometimes at the risk of sacrificing short term objectives ).

Banks can charge much higher interest on their long-term loans than they pay out on demand deposits, allowing them to earn a profit.

Furthermore, to ensure that the affordable units are not resold for profit, deed restrictions generally fix a long-term resale price ceiling, eliminating a potential benefit of home ownership.

The key flaw in the tax farming system is the tension between the state, which seeks a long-term source of taxation revenue, and the tax farmers, who seek to make a profit on their investment in as short a time as possible.

The required investments may be very large and long-term ( capital is tied up for a number of years ), but either there is no possibility for private profit, or it is uncertain whether a sufficient profit can and will be made.

Instead, if the shares are held for 1 year from the date of exercise and 2 years from the date of grant, then the profit ( if any ) made on sale of the shares is taxed as long-term capital gain.