The relatively low melting point of brass ( 900 to 940 ° C, 1652 to 1724 ° F, depending on composition ) and its flow characteristics make it a relatively easy material to cast.

Like zinc, it prefers oxidation state + 2 in most of its compounds and like mercury it shows a low melting point compared to transition metals.

Such weak intermolecular bonds give organic molecular substances, such as waxes and oils, their soft bulk character, and their low melting points ( in liquids, molecules must cease most structured or oriented contact with each other ).

For example, the density of water increases between its melting point at 0 ° C and 4 ° C ; similar behavior is observed in silicon at low temperatures.

Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties ; they tend to be less rigid ( lower melting point ) and more volatile ( lower boiling point ) than the corresponding amides.

Magmas will evolve to the eutectic because of igneous differentiation, or because they represent low degrees of partial melting.

For example, the stability and low energy of the electron cloud state in helium accounts for the element's chemical inertness, and also the lack of interaction of helium atoms with each other, producing the lowest melting and boiling points of all the elements.

Hydrocarbons can be gases ( e. g. methane and propane ), liquids ( e. g. hexane and benzene ), waxes or low melting solids ( e. g. paraffin wax and naphthalene ) or polymers ( e. g. polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene ).

It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.

Indium has a low melting point, 156. 60 ° C ( 313. 88 ° F ); it is higher than that of its lighter homologue, gallium, but lower than that of the heavier homologue, thallium.

The next step to commercialization of liquid crystal displays was the synthesis of further chemically stable substances ( cyanobiphenyls ) with low melting temperatures by George Gray.

• A low melting point is preferable in order to avoid metastable, monotropic liquid crystalline phases.

Some metals that have low density, low hardness, and low melting points, these ( the alkali and alkaline earth metals ).

It is a soft solid that has a low melting point and can easily be cut with a knife.

Tungsten is normally used in thermionic electron guns because it has the highest melting point and lowest vapour pressure of all metals, thereby allowing it to be heated for electron emission, and because of its low cost.

Heat spike sputtering is most important for heavy ions ( say Xe or Au or cluster ions ) with energies in the keV – MeV range bombarding dense but soft metals with a low melting point ( Ag, Au, Pb, etc .).

The low thermal expansion and high melting point and strength of tungsten originate from strong covalent bonds formed between tungsten atoms by the 5d electrons.

For a metal, zinc has relatively low melting ( 419. 5 ° C, 787. 1 F ) and boiling points ( 907 ° C ).

Pegmatite may be produced by low degrees of partial melting of the crust.

Some granite-composition magmas are eutectic ( or cotectic ) melts, and they may be produced by low to high degrees of partial melting of the crust, as well as by fractional crystallization.

Material requirements are such that either high melting temperature, low density materials such as beryllium and reinforced carbon-carbon or ( possibly due to the lower thickness requirements despite its high density ) tungsten or ablative carbon / carbon composites are used.

A high melting point results from a high heat of fusion, a low entropy of fusion, or a combination of both.

To produce a syenite, it is necessary to melt a granitic or igneous protolith to a fairly low degree of partial melting.

Before it cycles on again, humidity can build up and make you uncomfortable even though the temperature is still low.

One sample, which had been exposed to the atmosphere after evacuation at 375-degrees-C, showed the presence of adsorbed water ( about 0.3 wt ) ) as evidenced by a weak resonance line which was very narrow at room temperature and which disappeared, due to broadening, at low temperature.

In the new process impurities present in the solvent ( benzene ), the monomer, and in the reaction system which would cause deactivation of propagation centers, are rendered inactive prior to polymerization by gradual addition of initiator, a mixture of butyl-lithium and telomeric styryl-lithium, at a temperature low enough to suppress chain growth.

If the steel is cooled slowly, the iron will gradually change into its low temperature allotrope.

This causes the iron crystals to deform intrinsically when the crystal structure tries to change to its low temperature state, inducing great hardness.

Many other formulations were developed in the following decades, generally trying to find the optimum characteristics of a good artillery propellant ; low temperature, high energy, non corrosive, highly stable, cheap, and easy to manufacture in large quantities.

The brine has to be regenerated, and that can be done economically with a low temperature solar still.

Samples may be required to be cooled anywhere between room temperature to as low as 15 K.

The cities of Kamloops and Penticton, and rural towns of Oliver, and Osoyoos have some of the warmest and longest summer climates in Canada, although their temperature ranges are exceeded by the warmer Fraser Canyon towns of Lillooet and Lytton, where shade temperatures on summer afternoons often surpass but with very low humidity.

The Boltzmann distribution applies only to particles at a high enough temperature and low enough density that quantum effects can be ignored, and the particles are obeying Maxwell – Boltzmann statistics.

These have some bosonic properties, while bosons, at sufficiently low temperature, can form a large Bose-Einstein condensate.

In most materials ( in low temperature superconductors ), this attraction is brought about indirectly by the coupling of electrons to the crystal lattice ( as explained above ).

BCS derived several important theoretical predictions that are independent of the details of the interaction, since the quantitative predictions mentioned below hold for any sufficiently weak attraction between the electrons and this last condition is fulfilled for many low temperature superconductors-the so-called weak-coupling case.

This energy gap is highest at low temperatures but vanishes at the transition temperature when superconductivity ceases to exist.

Einstein demonstrated that cooling bosonic atoms to a very low temperature would cause them to fall ( or " condense ") into the lowest accessible quantum state, resulting in a new form of matter.

The most familiar condensed phases are solids and liquids, while more exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at low temperature, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices, and the Bose-Einstein condensate found in cold atomic systems.

However, despite the success of Drude's free electron model, it had one notable problem, in that it was unable to correctly explain the electronic contribution to the specific heat of metals, as well as the temperature dependence of resistivity at low temperatures.

Deserts usually have a large diurnal and seasonal temperature range, with high or low, depending on location daytime temperatures ( in summer up to, and low nighttime temperatures ( in winter down to due to extremely low humidity.

When the temperature is low, the spring winds and closes the valve, which allows the fan to spin at about 20 % to 30 % of the shaft speed.

The average high temperature in July is 80 ° F ( 27 ° C ) and the average low is in February, at 9 ° F (− 13 ° C ).

One might well ask why we should use such a complex method for producing low temperature gases when they could be produced much more easily using liquid helium.

By studying how quickly the reagent species disappears in the presence of differing concentrations of a ( usually stable ) co-reagent species the reaction rate constant at the low temperature of the CRESU flow can be determined.