Recent criticism of Great Expectations has tended to emphasize its symbolic and mythic content, to show, as M. D. Zabel has said of Dickens generally, that much of the novel's impact resides in its `` allegoric insight and moral metaphor ''.

"... One major contribution of AI and cognitive science to psychology has been the information processing model of human thinking in which the metaphor of brain-as-computer is taken quite literally.

The metaphor has been useful in helping a new generation of thought leaders to reason through new military strategies around the world, led largely by the US Department of Defense ( DoD ).

The use of cyberspace as a metaphor has had its limits, however, especially in areas where the metaphor becomes confused with physical infrastructure.

It has also been critiqued as being unhelpful for falsely employing a spatial metaphor to describe what is inherently a network.

It has been suggested that this position can be lucidly brought out through the metaphor of " direction of fit ": beliefs — the paradigmatic products of reason — are propositional attitudes that aim to have their content fit the world ; conversely, desires — or what Hume calls passions, or sentiments — are states that aim to fit the world to their contents.

Though a metaphor, it has been argued that this intuitive way of understanding Hume's theory that desires are necessary for motivation " captures something quite deep in our thought about their nature ".

Derrida warns against considering deconstruction as a mechanical operation when he states that “ It is true that in certain circles ( university or cultural, especially in the United States ) the technical and methodological “ metaphor ” that seems necessarily attached to the very word “ deconstruction ” has been able to seduce or lead astray .” Commentator Richard Beardsworth explains that

This depiction has been theorized as a metaphor for Christ's defeat of Satan.

Lovecraft's style has often been criticised by unsympathetic critics, yet scholars such as S. T. Joshi have shown that Lovecraft consciously utilised a variety of literary devices to form a unique style of his own-these include conscious archaism, prose-poetic techniques combined with essay-form techniques, alliteration, anaphora, crescendo, transferred epithet, metaphor, symbolism and colloquialism.

Informally, the expression " infinitesimal calculus " became commonly used to refer to Weierstrass ' approach but has become something of a dead metaphor.

The kludge or kluge metaphor has been adapted in fields such as evolutionary neuroscience, particularly in reference to the human brain.

The myth of Prometheus, with its theme of invention and discovery, has been used in science-related names and as a metaphor for scientific progress.

The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries, and because of this, the word pearl has become a metaphor for something very rare, fine, admirable, and valuable.

:" As soon as a noun enters the domain of metaphor, as one modern scholar has pointed out, it clamours for extension ; and satura ( which had had no verbal, adverbial, or adjectival forms ) was immediately broadened by appropriation from the Greek word for “ satyr ” ( satyros ) and its derivatives.

The line has entered popular culture as a general metaphor, with uses as diverse as descriptions of an unresponsive electronic circuit,

It has been suggested that the story is allegorical, symbolising that the sun goddess hiding in a cave is a metaphor for the sun exhibiting quiet periods such as the Maunder Minimum.

The lady has traditionally been seen as a metaphor for the church, the church being the body of believers as a whole and as local congregations.

The depiction has also been theorized as a metaphor for Jesus's defeat of Satan.

Graham Hassell writes, " he intrusion of Pozzo and Lucky [...] seems like nothing more than a metaphor for Ireland's view of mainland Britain, where society has ever been blighted by a greedy ruling élite keeping the working classes passive and ignorant by whatever means.

Waiting for Godot has been described as a " metaphor for the long walk into Roussillon, when Beckett and Suzanne slept in haystacks [...] during the day and walked by night or of the relationship of Beckett to Joyce.

* LGBT themes: Another metaphor that has been applied by some to the X-Men is that of LGBT.

Note that the so-called Kinshasa Highway is not a physical road but a metaphor applied to the route by which AIDS is believed to have been spread east through Uganda and Kenya and neighbouring countries by truck drivers from the Congo.

In the term's metaphor, the child process has " died " but has not yet been " reaped ".

However, Wally Schirra had been prevented from naming his Apollo 7 spacecraft Phoenix in honor of Grissom's Apollo 1 crew since it was believed the average taxpayer would not take a " fire " metaphor as intended.

The metaphor has been adopted in modern times into the notion of a " Cassandra Complex ".

Lakoff further argues that one of the reasons liberals have had difficulty since the 1980s is that they have not been as aware of their own guiding metaphors, and have too often accepted conservative terminology framed in a way to promote the strict father metaphor.

The metaphor implies that the creators showed little care for the original software or the resulting product, as if the new compilation or version had been indiscriminately created or ported with a shovel.

The term " witch-hunt " since the 1930s has also been in use as a metaphor to refer to moral panics in general ( frantic persecution of perceived enemies ).

This work's title, translatable as " tutor ", refers to Christ as the teacher of all mankind, and it features an extended metaphor of Christians as children.

* allegory: An extended metaphor wherein a story illustrates an important attribute of the subject.

* parable: An extended metaphor narrated as an anecdote illustrating and teaching a moral lesson, such as Aesop's fables.

In The Birth of the Clinic: An Archeology of Medical Perception ( 1963 ), Foucault extended his critique to institutional clinical medicine, arguing for the central conceptual metaphor of " The Gaze ", which had implications for medical education, prison design, and the carceral state as understood today.

As a literary device, allegory is essentially an extended metaphor — or a comparison that runs throughout the play.

An extended metaphor involving hunting during William's first conversation with Jocelyn leads to his calling her a " foxy lady.

The closet metaphor, in turn, is extended to the forces and pressures of heterosexist society and its institutions.

One could attempt to read this as an extended metaphor, but such a reading would break down as one tried to find a way to map the elements of her description ( rising ground, swollen river ) directly to attributes of her suitor.

Furthermore, an extended metaphor typically highlights the author's ingenuity by maintaining an unlikely similarity to an unusual degree of detail.

Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote the poem Adonais for John Keats, and uses the myth as an extended metaphor for Keats ' death.

The medical metaphor extended beyond the immediate aims of the Truman Doctrine in that the imagery combined with fire and flood imagery evocative of disaster provided the United States with an easy transition to direct military confrontation in later years with communist forces in Korea and Vietnam.

Some later commentators have extended the metaphor to emphasize the suddenness, suggesting that economic bubbles end " All at once, and nothing first, / Just as bubbles do when they burst ," though theories of financial crises such as debt-deflation and the Financial Instability Hypothesis suggest instead that bubbles burst progressively, with the most vulnerable ( most highly-levered ) assets failing first, and then the collapse spreading throughout the economy.

In 1997, Watt released Contemplating the Engine Room, a punk rock song cycle using naval life as an extended metaphor for both Watt's family history ( the album has a picture of his father in his Navy uniform on the cover ) and the Minutemen.

It could be said that a parable is a metaphor that has been extended to form a brief, coherent fiction.

However, " extended metaphor " is not in itself a sufficient description of parable ; the characteristics of an extended metaphor are shared by many narrative types, including the allegory, the fable and the apologue.

Cohen maintains that " panic " is a suitable term when used as an extended metaphor.

In literature, a conceit is an extended metaphor with a complex logic that governs a poetic passage or entire poem.

Recent literary critics have used the term to mean simply the style of extended and heightened metaphor common in the Renaissance and particularly in the 17th century, without any particular indication of value.

* Charles Dickens uses the name Izaak Walton in A Tale of Two Cities to develop an extended metaphor comparing Jerry Cruncher's night-time " occupation " of grave robbing to fishing.

The < nowiki >'</ nowiki > pataphor (, ), is a term coined by writer and musician Pablo Lopez (" Paul Avion "), for an unusually extended metaphor based on Alfred Jarry's " science " of ' pataphysics.

* Joss Whedon's series Dollhouse uses this story as an extended metaphor in the aptly named episode " Briar Rose ", equating it both to the brainwashed members of the Dollhouse and a young character dealing with the after-effects of sexual abuse.