This method introduced carbon by heating wrought iron in charcoal for long periods of time, but the penetration of carbon was not very deep, so the alloy was not homogeneous.

The traditional way is to stand the cases in a shallow pan full of water, then heat the necks of the cases with a torch, but this method makes it difficult to get an even heating of the entire case neck.

The method relies on thermal cycling, consisting of cycles of repeated heating and cooling of the reaction for DNA melting and enzymatic replication of the DNA.

The method is called low-frequency heating ( LFH ) since the current is injected at a much lower frequency than the nominal of the grid, which is normally 50 or 60 Hz.

A resistojet is a method of Spacecraft propulsion ( Electric propulsion ) that provides thrust by heating a ( typically non-reactive ) fluid.

The reaction time of the nuclear fuel is much higher than the heating time of the working fluid, requiring a method to trap the fuel inside the engine while allowing the working fluid to easily exit through the nozzle.

Frequency spectrum of the heating up period of a switching power supply which uses the spread spectrum method incl.

A common method is to fill a bowl surrounding the flask with water, oil, sand or steam, or to use a wrap around heating mantle.

The kitchen remained largely unaffected by architectural advances throughout the Middle Ages ; open fire remained the only method of heating food.

This heating method requires the introduction of small pieces of zirconium metal.

A common method of manufacture involves heating the spun PAN filaments to approximately 300 ° C in air, which breaks many of the hydrogen bonds and oxidizes the material.

The method for drying the germinated barley is by heating it with hot air produced by an oil, coal or even electric heat source.

" When tempering high-carbon steel in the blacksmith method, the color provides a general indicaton of the final hardness, although some trial-and-error is usually required to match the right color to the type of steel to achieve the exact hardness, because the carbon content, the heating speed, and even the type of heat source will affect the outcome.

Some vegetable oil blends are used in unmodified vehicles but straight vegetable oil, also known as pure plant oil, needs specially prepared vehicles which have a method of heating the oil to reduce its viscosity.

This section was designed to have a heated road surface to reduce icing in winter, however, due to the high costs in preventing icing by this method the heating is no longer used.

Optical dating is a related measurement method which replaces heating with exposure to intense light.

In the method used by CWT, the water improves the heating process and contributes hydrogen to the reactions.

Bows sometimes lose their correct camber ( see above ), and are recambered using the same heating method as is used in the original manufacture.

The Bowen ratio is the mathematical method generally used to calculate heat lost ( or gained ) in a substance ; it is the ratio of energy fluxes from one state to another by sensible and latent heating respectively.

Intercooling is a method used to compensate for heating caused by supercharging, a natural byproduct of the semi-adiabatic compression process.

One of the most common ways that this method is used by households is through solar water heating.

Furnace designs vary as to its function, heating duty, type of fuel and method of introducing combustion air.

The method for drying the germinated barley is by heating it with hot air produced by an oil, coal or even electric heat source.

Another interesting method is heating an axe-head in a fire until it glows, and then interpreting the colors and shapes.

By regulating the processing parameters — especially the gases introduced, but also including the pressure the system is operated under, the temperature of the diamond, and the method of generating plasma — many different materials that can be considered diamond can be made.

Pulsed plasma thrusters are a method of spacecraft propulsion also known as Plasma Jet Engines in general.

A magnetic sail or magsail is a proposed method of spacecraft propulsion which would use a static magnetic field to deflect charged particles radiated by the Sun as a plasma wind, and thus impart momentum to accelerate the spacecraft.

The two types of fast ignition are the " plasma bore-through " method and the " cone-in-shell " method.

In the first method the petawatt laser is simply expected to bore straight through the outer plasma of an imploding capsule and to impinge on and heat the dense core, whereas in the cone-in-shell method, the capsule is mounted on the end of a small high-z cone such that the tip of the cone projects into the core of the capsule.

In this second method, when the capsule is imploded, the petawatt has a clear view straight to the high density core and does not have to waste energy boring through a ' corona ' plasma ; however, the presence of the cone affects the implosion process in significant ways that are not fully understood.

In this method, a laser is focused on the sample and creates a plume of ablated material which can be swept into the plasma.

There are limitations to this method, most notably that samples must be obtained after a 12 to 14 h fast and that LDL-C cannot be calculated if plasma triglyceride is > 4. 52 mmol / L ( 400 mg / dL ).

Nuclear pulse propulsion or external pulsed plasma propulsion, is a theoretical method of spacecraft propulsion that uses nuclear explosions for thrust.

The method works best at high plasma densities in low Earth orbit ; far from Earth long booms are needed, to avoid shielding-out of electric forces.

** Due to the bistable nature of the colour and intensity generating method, some people will notice that plasma displays have a shimmering or flickering effect with a number of hues, intensities and dither patterns.

The third method is sedimentation: the blood simply sits overnight and the red cells and plasma are separated by gravity.

– S / M – sacred prostitution – Marquis de Sade – sadism – sadist – sadomasochism – sadomasochistic sacrifice – safe sex – safe, sane and consensual – safer sex – safeword – saliromania – salirophilia – salpingectomy – salpingitis – same-sex marriage – same-sex partnership – sanitary napkin – sanitary pad – sanitary towel – sanky-panky – sapphic – sapphism – saptha padhi – Sarcoptes scabiei – satan worship – satyr – satyriasis – saucy seaside postcard-sausage party – scabies – scarfing – scarification – scat – scatology – scatophilia – scene ( BDSM ) – scopophilia – scoptolagnia – scoptophilia – scratching ( sexology ) – Screw magazine – scrotal inflation – scrotal infusion – scrotal piercing – scrotal stretching – scrotum – scuba fetishism – second skin – secondary sex characteristic – secondary virginity – secret vice – secular law – seduction – see-through clothing – self-abuse – self-bondage – self-isolation – semen – semen allergy – semen swapping – semen-loss anxiety – semen-loss syndrome – semeniferous tubules – seminal colliculus – seminal plasma – seminal plasma hypersensitivity – seminal vesicle – seminiferous tubules – sensate focus – sensate focus exercises – sensate focusing – sensation play ( BDSM ) – sensory compensation – sensory deprivation – sensory enhancement – sensory overload – sensuality – separatist feminism – septa of testis – septum of the penis – seraglio – serendipitous – serial killing – serial monogamy – seronegative – seropositive – serosorting – serotonin – serous tumor – Sertoli cell – Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor – service-oriented – session wrestler – seven-year itch – sex – sex act – sex addict – sex addiction – sex adjunctive – sex adventitious – sex aid – sex allergy – sex assignment – sex boutique – sex change – sex chromatin – sex client – sex club – sex coaching – sex compulsion – sex cord-stromal tumor – sex crime – sex derivative – sex diet – sex doll – sex drive – sex education – sex flush – sex game – sex hormone – sex hormone binding globulin – sex hotel – sex hotline – sex industry-sex in space – sex irreducible – sex machine – sex magic – sex magick – sex manual – sex museum – sex nexus – sex object – sex of rearing – sex offender – sex parties – sex position – sex reassignment ( disambiguation ) – sex reassignment surgery – sex reassignment surgery female-to-male – sex reassignment surgery male-to-female – sex restaurant – sex ring – sex role – sex scandal – sex shop – sex show – sex steroid – sex strike – sex surrogate – sex symbol – sex tape – sex therapist – sex therapy – sex tourism – sex toy – sex traffic – sex trafficking – sex urge – sex with your ex – sex worker – sex-contact magazine – sex-determining system – sex-hormone therapy – sex-positive – sex-positive feminism – Sexaholics Anonymous – sexercise – sexism – sexless marriage – Sexmuseum – sexological education – sexologist – sexology – sexosophy – sexploitation – sexsomnia-sexting – sexual aberration – sexual abstinence – sexual abuse – sexual acronyms – sexual act – sexual activities – sexual addiction – sexual anatomy – sexual anomalies – sexual arousal – sexual assault – sexual attraction – sexual availability – Sexual Behavior in the Human Female – Sexual Behavior in the Human Male – sexual bondage – sexual characteristics ( disambiguation ) – sexual child abuse – sexual compulsion – Sexual Compulsives Anonymous – sexual confidence – sexual congress – sexual continence – sexual desire – sexual development – sexual deviancy -- sexual deviant – sexual deviation – sexual differentiation – sexual dimorphism – sexual dissatisfaction – sexual drive – sexual dysfunction – sexual equality – sexual ethics – sexual ethnology – sexual exploitation – sexual fantasy – sexual fetish – sexual fetishism – sexual fetishist – sexual fidelity – sexual flush – Sexual Freedom Coalition – sexual frequency – sexual frustration – sexual game – sexual harassment – sexual health – sexual health clinic – sexual history – sexual inadequacy – sexual identity – sexual intercourse – sexual intimacy – sexual inversion – sexual jealousy – sexual liberation – sexual lubricant – sexual malfunction – sexual maturation – sexual maturity – sexual medicine – sexual misconduct – sexual morality – sexual mores – sexual network – sexual norm – sexual orientation – Sexual orientation and Wicca – Sexual orientation change efforts – Sexual Identity Therapy – sexual outlet – sexual partner – sexual perversion – sexual perversity – sexual politics – sexual predator – sexual problem – sexual prop – sexual prowess – sexual reassignment surgery – sexual rehearsal play – sexual revolution – sexual ritual – sexual roleplaying – sexual sadism – sexual script – sexual slang – sexual slavery – sexual stimulation – sexual surrogate – sexual tension – sexual trophy – sexual violence – sexuality – sexuality education – sexuality in older age – Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States – obsessive-compulsive disorder and sexuality – sexually active – sexually dimorphic nucleus – sexually transmissible disease – sexually transmitted disease – sexually violent predator – sexuoerotic – sexuoerotic tragedy – sexuoerotic body image fixation – sexuoeroticism – shaving ( sexology ) – shemale – shidduch – shim-pua marriage – shocker ( hand gesture ) – shoe dangling – shoe fetishism – shotacon – shotgun wedding – showers ( sexology ) – shunga – shyness – side entry missionary position – siderodromophilia – SIECUS – sigheh – significant other – Volkmar Sigusch – sildenafil citrate – Silver Ring Thing – Sin City ( description ) – sindoor – single – single mother – single parent – single status affidavit – singles bar – sinus ( disambiguation ) – sissy – sissy boy – sitophilia – situational child molester – situational sexual behaviour – sixty-nine – size queen – Skene's ducts – Skene's gland – Skene's glands – Skoptzy – slap and tickle-slapper – slapping ( BDSM ) – slave ( BDSM ) – sleep sex – sleeping princess syndrome – sleeping together – sleepsex – sling – sloppy seconds – slut – smegma – smoking fetishism – smotherbox – snapping pussy – snowballing – soapland – social distancing – social host liability-social vice – Society for Human Sexuality – Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality – sociobiological theories of rape – sodomy – sodomy law – soft butch – soft chancre – softcore pornography – soggy biscuit – soiree-soixante-neuf – solicitation – soliciting – solitary vice – sologamy – solosexuality – somatic – somatotropin – somesthetic – somnophilia – sororal polygyny – sororate marriage – sounding – spandex fetishism – spanking – Spartan pederasty – spay – spectrophilia – speculum – speed dating – sperm – sperm bank – sperm competition – sperm count – sperm donation – sperm donor – sperm motility – sperm sample – spermatic cord – spermatic duct – spermatid – spermatidogenesis – spermatocele – spermatocyte – spermatocytogenesis – spermatogenesis – spermatogonium – spermatophobia – spermatophore – spermatorrhea – spermatozoa – spermatozoon – spermicide – spermiogenesis – sphincter – spinnbarkeit – spinster – spin the bottle-spiritual marriage – spiritual wifery – spit roast ( sex ) – spitting fetishism – splanchnic nerves – splash conception – split beaver – splitting – sploshing – spoiled orgasm – spongy urethra – spoons position – spousal abuse – spreadeagle – squashing of the deckchair position – squeeze technique – stag party – stalking – standing sex position – stapling ( sexology ) – statutory rape – STD – STD clinic – STD testing – steatopygia – stem pessary – stereocilia ( epididymis ) – sterility – human sterilization ( surgical procedure ) – steroid hormones – STI – stigmatic / eligibilic paraphilia – stigmatophilia – stimulus-response theory – Stockholm syndrome – stocking fetishism – Stonewall riots – stop and go exercises – stop-start technique – Marie Stopes – Story of O – strangling ( sexology ) – strangulation – strap-on dildo – Street Offences Act 1959 – street prostitution – streetwalker – stretching ( sexology ) – string bondage – strip poker – strip pub – strip search – stripping – stripping fetishism – striptease – stroma of ovary – stuffing ( fetish ) – stuffing ( sexology ) – subbing – subcutaneous tissue of penis – subfertility – subincision – sublimation – subliminal tape – submission – submission ( BDSM ) – submissive ( BDSM ) – subpersonality – succubus – sugar daddy – supernumerary nipple – support group – surface epithelial-stromal tumor – surgical fetishism – surrendered wife – surrogate mother – suspension – suspensory ligament of the ovary – suspensory ligament of the penis – suttee – suturing ( sexology ) – swara – swayamvara – sweetheart – sweetheart scam – swimsuit fetishism – swing ( sexology ) – swing club – swinger – swinging – swinging both ways – swish – switch ( BDSM ) – switch ( sexuality ) – sworn virgin – Swyer syndrome – Sybian – sympathetic nervous system – symphorophilia – symphysis pubis dysfunction – symptothermal method – synechial membrane – syphilis –

The following example of this ( not logarithmized ) method is based on values of fasting plasma glucose taken from a reference group of 12 subjects:

The concentration in blood plasma is 1. 5-4. 0 g / L ( normally measured using the Clauss method ) or about 7 µM.

Another method is to use plasma acceleration to reduce the distance required to accelerated electrons from rest to the energies required for UV or X-ray emission within magnetic devices.

LCD, LED, plasma and CRT ( picture tube ) color video displays all use this method.

The second method, using chemical vapor deposition ( CVD ), creates a carbon plasma over a substrate onto which the carbon atoms deposit to form diamond.

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or ELISA is a diagnostic method for quantitatively or semi-quantitatively determining protein concentrations from blood plasma, serum or cell / tissue extracts in a multi-well plate format ( usually 96-wells per plate ).

have also developed at Purdue University ( US ) a simpler instrumentation and a faster method by using a low-temperature plasma probe to ionize the samples.

* Pulsed plasma thruster, a method of spacecraft propulsion