The title had its origin in the monasteries of Egypt and Syria, spread through the eastern Mediterranean, and soon became accepted generally in all languages as the designation of the head of a monastery.

Of these the precedence was originally yielded to the abbot of Glastonbury, until in AD 1154 Adrian IV ( Nicholas Breakspear ) granted it to the abbot of St Alban's, in which monastery he had been brought up.

A horrible reign of terror ensued, in the course of which the ex-tsaritsa Eudoxia was dragged from her monastery and publicly tried for alleged adultery, while all who had in any way befriended Alexei were impaled, broken on the wheel and otherwise lingeringly done to death.

Their one monastery was on the top of Monte Varese, near Lago Maggiore, on the spot where their foundress, the Blessed Catarina Morigia ( or Catherine of Palanza ), had first led a solitary life.

With the ecclesiastical parishes of St Fagan's ( Trecynon ) and Aberaman carved out of the ancient parish, Aberdare had 12 Anglican churches and one Roman Catholic church, built in 1866 in Monk Street near the site of a cell attached to Penrhys monastery, and at one time had over 50 Nonconformist chapels.

Over the centuries this monastery had an important role on Portuguese culture.

During the following centuries the monks from this monastery had an influencing effect on Portuguese culture.

Bede's monastery had access to a superb library which included works by Eusebius and Orosius among many others.

The Life of Ceolfrith, written in about 710, records that only two surviving monks were capable of singing the full offices ; one was Ceolfrith and the other a young boy, who according to the anonymous writer had been taught by Ceolfrith and was " now a priest of the same monastery ".

The preface makes it clear that Ceolwulf had requested the earlier copy, and Bede had asked for Ceolwulf's approval ; this correspondence with the king indicates that Bede's monastery had excellent connections among the Northumbrian nobility.

The monastery at Wearmouth-Jarrow had an excellent library.

Both Benedict Biscop and Ceolfrith had acquired books from the Continent, and in Bede's day the monastery was a renowned centre of learning.

There is little evidence that he had access to any other of the pagan Latin writers – he quotes many of these writers but the quotes are almost all to be found in the Latin grammars that were common in his day, one or more of which would certainly have been at the monastery.

Monasticism had been introduced into the region of modern France during the Roman era by St. Martin of Tours, who founded the first monastery in Western Europe.

Bruno spent much time at the monastery where Adalbert had become a monk and where abbot John Canaparius may have written a life of Saint Adalbert.

He removed Theodora from the Great Palace to the Carian Palace and later to the monastery of Gastria, but, after the death of Bardas, she was released to live in the palace of St Mamas ; she also had a rural residence at the Anthemian Palace, where Michael was assassinated in 867.

He then moved to the celebrated monastery of Bangor on the coast of Down, which at that time had for its abbot St. Comgall.

Shortly afterwards, in a chapter of the order held in 1293, the original monastery of Majella being judged to be too desolate and exposed to too rigorous a climate, it was decided that the monastery which had been founded in Sulmtona should be the headquarters of the order and the residence of the General-Superior, as it has continued to be to the present day.

The manuscript constituted approximately half of the leaves of a volume of Syriac writings that had been catalogued in 1952 in the library of the Coptic monastery of Deir es-Suriani in Wadi Natrun, Egypt.

As time passed, Prior Diego sanctioned the building of a monastery for girls whose parents had sent them to the care of the Albigensians because their families were too poor to fulfill their basic needs.

During this period, the Dominican monk Girolamo Savonarola had become prior of the San Marco monastery in 1490.

Fox permitted Merton to continue his writing, Merton now having gained substantial recognition outside the monastery.

* Furthermore in the 1990s the monastery gave substantial support for re-founding Vyšší Brod Monastery in the Czech Republic.

The exemption cost a substantial sum, and did not release the monastery from every burden ; the obligation to feed messengers from neighbouring kingdoms or from overseas was excluded from the exemption.

The complex includes a substantial sanctuary and an extensive system of courtyards, cloisters and rooms that formerly constituted the monastery.

During the ninth century Causantín mac Fergusa constructed a more substantial monastery of reddish sandstone and declared Dunkeld the Primacy ( centre ) of the faith in Alba.

Orc and Tola, who had no children, enriched the monastery with a substantial amount of land, some of which was bequeathed after their deaths.

The first benefice he received was in 1489 when Pope Innocent VIII provided him to the Parsonage of Forest church ( Yarrow in the Scottish borders ). King James IV Then in 1492, he used his influence at Rome to obtain the guarantee of the provision to the abbacy of Culross but resigned his rights in 1493 in return for a substantial pension from the monastery ’ s income.

Historically the monastery was of substantial size but following its destruction by the Chinese in 1959 it was drastically reduced and only a section rebuilt.

As Sancho was in weak health and had no means of resisting Papal pressure, he made full submission ( 1210 ); and after bestowing large estates on his sons and daughters, he retired into the monastery of Alcobaça, where he died in March 1211.

King Edward the Confessor restored them again to the monastery on taking power, however Tostig saw the opportunity to take possession of them once again after Edward's death in 1066 when King Harold seized his brother's estates.

The monastery was founded in 1107 by William d ' Aubigny, Chief Butler to King Henry I. William was a prominent Norfolk landowner, with estates in Wymondham and nearby New Buckenham whose grandfather had fought for William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings.

He lived quietly on his estates, and died at the monastery of Cong in 1198.

In his retirement he founded the monastery of Vivarium on his family estates on the shores of the Ionian Sea, and his writings turned to religion.

His first term in Moldavia ended during December 1860, when Kogălniceanu became involved in the scandal involving Metropolitan Sofronie Miclescu, who opposed Cuza's secularization of the monastery estates.

In 1838, as King consort Ferdinand II, he decided to acquire the old monastery, all of the surrounding lands, the nearby Castle of the Moors and a few other estates in the area.

( 2 ) The landed estates, as also all crown, monastery, and church lands, with all their livestock, implements, buildings and everything pertaining thereto, shall be placed at the disposal of the volost land committees and the uyezd Soviets of Peasants ' Deputies pending the convocation of the Constituent Assembly.

The nobles ( or Vögte ) who held the lordship of Wangen adopted this symbol which had been the badge of the Upper Aargau estates of the monastery of St Peter in Schwarzwald.

The act of St Wolstan's, introduced in September 1536 as a special commission of dissolution, assured Aylmer and his fellow chief justice and brother-in-law Thomas Luttrell an annual rent of £ 4 during the life of Sir Richard Weston, the last prior, while Alen was granted the monastery estates.

By the late 16th century the estates of the former monastery came under fully secular control when, in 1607, they were finally granted as a secular lordship, titled Holydean, to the last commendator of the abbey, Robert Ker of Cesford.

He would probably have used the library assembled by Cassiodorus at Monasterium Vivariense, the monastery of Vivarium on his family estates at the foot of Mount Moscius on the shores of the Ionian Sea.

Pepin rebuilt the monastery and bestowed great estates upon it by a deed of gift dated 13 August 762.

In 1549 Zsigmond Balassa, the new owner of the Diósgyőr estate, destroyed the monastery and occupied its estates.

Vasili III, Ivan the Terrible, Boris Godunov, the Romodanovsky boyars, Xenia Repnina, and others donated some of their sizeable estates to the monastery.

During the Reformation, Adelberg became a Klosteramt ( an administrative division centering on the estates of a dissolved monastery ), consisting of the former Abbey and the village of Hundsholz.

Géza's son, King Stephen I donated estates and privileges to the monastery.

Especially in the Holy Roman Empire, a large number of Prince-bishops, Prince-archbishops and superiors of the regular clergy ( mainly Prince-abbots, but also-abbesses, Prince-Provosts and Grand masters ) obtained for their seats, concurrent with the ecclesiastical office, one or more secular feudal estates of various status and importance ( from tiny mere lordships to fairly great principalities such as duchies ), that would otherwise be hereditary and often had been ; in other cases territories were carved out especially by a higher authority, such as the empire, notably for an ( arch ) diocese or monastery, under such names as Stift ( German ; in the case of a diocese rather Hochstift, for an archdiocese rather Erzstift ) or Sticht ( Dutch ), both meaning foundation, e. g. to set up a close relative as its first prelate ; occasionally a normal secular style principality was created but immediately awarded to a prelate, such as the duchy of Westphalia for the Archbishop and Prince-elector of Cologne.

Their estates were confiscated and their families relocated — Zrinski's wife, Katarina Zrinska, was interned in the Dominican convent in Graz where she fell mentally ill and remained until her death in 1673, two of his daughters died in a monastery, and his son Ivan Antun ( John Anthony ) died in madness, after twenty years of terrible imprisonment and torture, on 11 November 1703.

While resident on his estates in the district of Albi he fell ill and died at his villa of Wistrilingo, which he had presented to the monastery of St Amantius.