Alhazen's work was largely ignored in the Arabic world but it was anonymously translated into Latin around 1200 A. D. and further summarised and expanded on by the polish monk Witelo making it a standard text on optics in Europe for the next 400 years.

There is a possibility that Pope Agatho is this monk, but this would make him over 100 years old at the time of his election, and as such must be considered unlikely without further evidence to support a connection.

In prison, Blackthorne is befriended by a Franciscan monk, who reveals further details about Jesuit conquests and the Portuguese " Black Ship " which each year takes the vast profits from the silk trade back to Europe.

Monks had already dabbled in superstitions when he first came to power, and Rama I implemented a law which required a monk who wished to travel to another principality for further education to present a certificate bearing his personal particulars, which would prove a monk own's legitimacy that he had been properly ordained.

In 1986 he wrote One Thing More, a play about the 7th century Northumbrian monk Caedmon who was suddenly given the gift of composing song ; it was first performed in Chelmsford Cathedral and then broadcast on the BBC, with further productions in London and Oxford.

In 845, Emperor Wuzong, believing Buddhism to pose a drain on the state's economy — as he considered Buddhist monks and nuns to be unproductive members of society who were not contributing to the tax base — decided to act against Buddhism ; his desire to do so was further fueled by his devotion to Taoism as well as his deep trust in the Taoist monk Zhao Guizhen ( 趙歸真 ).

Already quite learned by the age of twenty, he became a monk and studied the sutras and tantra intensively for a further ten years.

* Svāmi -, meaning Lord, in this case and in most cases of a religious capacity ( learned holy man, monk, spiritual preceptor ), is just a further embellishment at a linguistic level, thus: Lord that is the Son of the original Man or Lord from the first of Men.

The Christian monk known as the Venerable Bede also mentioned two further goddesses in his written works ; Eostre, who was celebrated at a spring festival ( Easter ), and Hretha, whose name meant " glory ".

The monk and historian Domenico Cavalca ( c. 1270-1342 ), citing Jerome, suggested that Mary Magdalene was betrothed to St John the Evangelist: " I like to think that the Magdalene was the spouse of John, not affirming it ...

In Alfred and the Great White Horse of Wiltshire ( 1939 ), the Downside Abbey monk Dom Illtyd Trethowan debunked the suggested connection of the White Horse with Alfred and the Battle of Ethandune.

* Wen Ying, a Buddhist monk who lived in the era of Taizong's grandson Emperor Renzong, wrote an account that suggested Taizong murdered his brother for the throne.

Rama II's younger son, Mongkut, was ' suggested ' to become a monk, removing him from politics.

It has been suggested ( particularly by Eckhard Freise ) that Theophilus is the same person as the artisan monk Roger of Helmarshausen.

The choice of the spot on which to build the new church incurred for the zealous monk the mild displeasure of his superiors, who suggested it was too far out of town.

Plezia has suggested that he was a monk from Saint Giles ' Monastery in Provence, France.

Some writers have suggested the sea monk may have been a Jenny Haniver.

Friar Leão de São Tomaz, a Benedictine monk, who lived during the era of Martin of Braga, suggested that this monastery located in the territory of Afife was established by the cleric.

It has been suggested that he was a monk, but from the scattered hints in his writings it seems more probable that he followed the trade of jongleur and recited his chansons, with small success apparently, in the houses of the great.

He only stopped the investigation when he was advised to do so by the prime minister Xu Mian, executing only the Taoist monk who had suggested the burial of wax ducks.

This step is said to have been suggested to the abbot by Father Diego Velázquez, a simple monk, but one who had been a knight, and thus was well acquainted with military matters.

Some have even suggested that, based on the language and subject material of the books ascribed to Haribhadra, there were two Haribhadras, the first of which, Haribhadra Virahānka, may have lived around the sixth century, and the second, Haribhadra Yākinīputra, was a monk who lived in a temple around the eighth century.

Later writers sometimes preface Alhazred with words such as " monk " ( such as in the Chick parody tract " Who will be Eaten First?

By contrast, a number of Irish people abroad converted to Asian religions and played significant roles in anti-colonial revival movements, such as the Irish Buddhist monk U Dhammaloka (? Laurence Carroll?

Some historians such as Andrew Fisher believe Wallace must have had some earlier military experience ; campaigns like Edward I of England's wars in Wales provided a good opportunity for a younger son of a landholder, with no other prospects in life than becoming a monk or priest, to become a mercenary soldier.

Aztec culture and history is primarily known through archaeological evidence found in excavations such as that of the renowned Templo Mayor in Mexico City ; from indigenous bark paper codices ; from eyewitness accounts by Spanish conquistadors such as Hernán Cortés and Bernal Díaz del Castillo ; And especially from 16th and 17th century descriptions of Aztec culture and history written by Spanish clergymen and literate Aztecs in the Spanish or Nahuatl language, such as the famous Florentine Codex compiled by the Franciscan monk Bernardino de Sahagún with the help of indigenous Aztec informants.

This group kept very active in perpetrating public outrages such as the Notre-Dame Affair, wherein at the Easter High Mass at Notre Dame de Paris, in front of ten thousand people and broadcast on national TV, their member and former Dominican Michel Mourre posed as a monk, " stood in front of the altar and read a pamphlet proclaiming that God was dead ".

Heavens such as Tuṣita Heaven are said to be accessible through meditation, and accounts of this are given in the writings of the Indian Buddhist monk Paramārtha, who lived during the 6th century CE.

As in China, becoming a monk required government approval, and anyone found to have taken the vows of a monk without such government oversight faced severe punishment.

During such an encounter, the monk remains standing and eats only a measured amount.

In common parlance, all members of male religious institutes are often termed " monks " and those of female religious institutes " nuns ", although in a more restricted sense, a monk is one who lives in a monastery under a monastic rule such as that of Saint Benedict and the term " nun " was in the 1917 Code of Canon Law officially reserved for members of a women's religious institute of solemn vows, and is sometimes applied only to those who devote themselves wholly to the contemplative life and belong to one of the enclosed religious orders living and working within the confines of a monastery and reciting the Liturgy of the Hours in community.

A precedent for such a task commissioned by Bishop Wulfstan is the compilation and production of a cartulary by the monk Hemming.

Many chose a route of entering a religious life, as a Roman Catholic priest, nun or monk, such options becoming available due to a re-organisation of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland under Cardinal Cullen from the 1850s.

Tradition holds that Chandragupta abdicated his throne to become a Digambara Jain monk and led such an ascetic life that he starved himself to death.

Whereas some religious men, while living of food provided by the faithful make their living by such low arts, such wrong means of livelihood as palmistry, divining by signs, interpreting dreams ... bringing good or bad luck ... invoking the goodness of luck ... picking the lucky site for a building, the monk Gautama refrains from such low arts, such wrong means of livelihood.

He had himself pursued Buddhist studies at Ayutthatya with such excellent results that he had been appointed the chief monk of Sawangburi by King Boromakot.

Within a few kilometers of Udon Thani is Wat Pa Baan That, which was home for many years to Forest Meditation monk Luangta Maha Bua, known for his philanthropic endeavors such as accumulating gold and giving it to the National Treasury to benefit Thailand's citizens during the economic crisis of the late 1990's.

Much of the appeal of the series stems from its extensive use of references and allusions from a wide array of thinkers such as Teilhard de Chardin, John Muir, Norbert Wiener, and to the poetry of John Keats, a famous English Romantic poet of the 19th century, Norse Mythology, and the monk Ummon ; a large number of technological elements are acknowledged by Simmons to be inspired by elements of Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems, and the Economic World.

A monk is a person who practices a strict religious and ascetic lifestyle.

In Buddhism, alms or almsgiving is the respect given by a lay Buddhist to a Buddhist monk, nun, spiritually-developed person or other sentient being.

James Fisher has written that the first person recorded as feeding wild birds was the 6th century monk Saint Serf of Fife who tamed a robin by feeding it.

; Xíngzhě ( 行者 ): Meaning " ascetic ", it refers to a wandering monk, a priest's servant, or a person engaged in performing religious austerities.

A monk ( from, monachos, " single, solitary ") is a person who practices religious asceticism, living either alone or with any number of other monks.

A monk may be a person who decided to dedicate his life to serve the other living beings or to be an ascetic who voluntarily chooses to leave mainstream society and live his life in prayer and contemplation.

A priest, a nun, a monk, a healer, a shaman or other specially prepared or instructed person can be an exorcist.

* Ekai Kawaguchi ( 1866-1945 ), a Japanese Buddhist monk, and the first recorded Japanese person to travel in Nepal and Tibet

For a lay person, the posthumous ordination part of the ritual was the most vital, because without ordaining the deceased as a Zen monk, the other funeral rites could not be performed, since Zen funeral rites did not previously exist for laypeople, but only for monks.

Although Ilya's adventures are mostly a matter of epic fiction, he is believed to have been an historical person: a 12th century warrior and, in older age, a monk named Ilya Pechorsky.

The Buddhist monk Zhi Dun ( 314-366 CE ) associated the Peng's flight with the highest satisfaction achieved by the zhiren ( 至人 " perfect person ; sage ; saint ", cf.

The last person elected as pope who was not already an ordained priest or monk was Pope Leo X in 1513, who was also the youngest pope ever elected.

While the Monkey King story is a work of fiction, Xuanzang the monk who he accompanies on the journey of the novel, was based on a historical person.

The result was a unique development in its time: a monastery created ex nihilo under patronage, rather than one that developed organically around the person of a revered monk.

King Chulalongkorn needed a reliable person such as Vajirañana in the Sangha, and he tried to persuade him to remain in the monkhood after he would have ordained as a monk according to the custom.

According to Buddhist monastic codes ( Vinaya ), a person must be 20 years old in order to become a monk or nun.

A person under the age of 20 years cannot undertake upasampada ( i. e., become a monk ( bhikkhu ) or nun ( bhikkhuni )), but can become a novice ( m. samanera, f. samaneri ).

The aniyata are two indefinite rules where a monk is accused of having committed an offence with a woman in a screened ( enclosed ) or private place by a lay person.