From Cluny the custom spread to the other houses of the Cluniac order, which became the largest and most extensive network of monasteries in Europe.

His early work in scrutinizing the use of local, exchange and trunk telephone line usage in a small community, to understand the theoretical requirements of an efficient network led to the creation of the Erlang formula, which became a foundational element of present day telecommunication network studies.

Thus in the spring of 1912, consultations between the various Christian Balkan nations resulted in a network of military alliances which became known as the Balkan League.

Though there were few initial changes to the service, usage increased and the network became profitable.

Originally the word " broadband " had a technical meaning, but became a marketing term for any kind of relatively high-speed computer network or Internet access technology.

August A. Busch Jr. became president of Anheuser-Busch in 1946 and began the creation of a national network of breweries.

At this point, the ITV network became complete and the programme was broadcast almost continuously across the country at 19: 30 on Monday and Wednesday for the next twenty-seven years.

By law, these cable systems were restricted to the relay of the public broadcast channels, which meant that as the transmitter network became more comprehensive, the incentive to subscribe to cable was reduced and they began to lose customers.

Upon Mercer's departure, Verne Lundquist joined the network, and became their play-by-play announcer by 1977, serving eight years in that capacity before handing those chores permanently over to Brad Sham, who joined the network in 1977 as the color analyst and occasional fill-in for Lundquist.

The rapid growth of the network made a centrally maintained, hand-crafted HOSTS. TXT file unsustainable ; it became necessary to implement a more scalable system capable of automatically disseminating the requisite information.

In 1948, the CBS network hired Sullivan to do a weekly Sunday night TV variety show, Toast of the Town, which later became The Ed Sullivan Show.

Afterwards it became the only Godzilla film to receive a television premiere on a major U. S network, as NBC aired it on prime time television in the summer of 1977, where it was hosted by actor John Belushi dressed in a Godzilla costume.

Work begun in 1991 to expand the GSM standard to the 1800 MHz frequency band and the first 1800 MHz network became operational in the UK by 1993.

Also that year, Telecom Australia became the first network operator to deploy a GSM network outside Europe and the first practical hand-held GSM mobile phone became available.

In 1995, fax, data and SMS messaging services were launched commercially, the first 1900 MHz GSM network became operational in the United States and GSM subscribers worldwide exceeded 10 million.

In 2002 the first multimedia messaging services ( MMS ) were introduced and the first GSM network in the 800 MHz frequency band became operational.

EDGE services first became operational in a network in 2003 and the number of worldwide GSM subscribers exceeded 1 billion in 2004.

In 2005, the first HSDPA capable network also became operational.

( The success of Hee Haw and Lawrence Welk in syndication, and the network decisions that led to their respective cancellations, were the inspiration for a novelty song called " The Lawrence Welk-Hee Haw Counter-Revolution Polka ," performed by Clark ; the song became a top 10 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in the fall of 1972.

One report in 2010 suggested that international trade was increased when a country hosted a network of immigrants, but the trade effect was weakened when the immigrants became assimilated into their new country.

Bodmin is also the home of Localfusion ; a community based local business network geared to provide information on Cornish news, events and social groups.

Many other " community day schools " that are not affiliated with the Solomon Schechter network take a generally Conservative approach, but unlike the Schechter schools, these schools generally have " no barriers to enrollment based on the faith of the parents or on religious practices in the home.

The wealth of greenspace afforded by Chicago's parks is further augmented by the Cook County Forest Preserves, a network of open spaces containing forest, prairie, wetland, streams, and lakes that are set aside as natural areas which lie along the city's periphery, home to both the Chicago Botanic Garden in Glencoe and the Brookfield Zoo in Brookfield.

In Hollywood movie Transformers when the Defense Purpose electronic communication fails ( mainly due to interference of the villain entities ) an officer tries to place a call back home through commercial network, but fails to get through the typical Indian call center, mainly due to the over-zealous salesmanship of the Indian operator who is more interested in advertising their new package than putting the call through.

In addition, many home networking routers implement DNS caches and recursors to improve efficiency in the local network.

Excess capacity is distributed through a separate network for home heating or if not enough energy can be dissipated through this, a dump load.

Returning home after the war, he found work in the television industry with March of Time and then joined the CBS network.

However, all these activities have died out during the 1980s, when the phone network switched to digitally controlled switchboards, causing network hacking to shift to dialing remote computers with modems, when pre-assembled inexpensive home computers were available, and when academic institutions started to give individual mass-produced workstation computers to scientists instead of using a central timesharing system.

The most common is that of the end-user, who wants a digital connection into the telephone network from home, whose performance would be better than a 20th century analog 56K modem connection.

From 1961 – 1966, the American TV network NBC carried a karaoke-like series, Sing Along with Mitch, featuring host Mitch Miller and a chorus, which superimposed the lyrics to their songs near the bottom of the TV screen for home audience participation.

A local area network ( LAN ) is a computer network that interconnects computers in a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building using network media.

The 1987 first-person shooter game MIDI Maze used MIDI to network computers together, and kits are available that allow MIDI control over home lighting and appliances.

Motorola's home and broadcast network products included set-top boxes, digital video recorders, and network equipment used to enable video broadcasting, computer telephony, and high-definition television.

The ERP guerrillas and their supporting network of militants came under heavy attack in April 1976, and the Montoneros were forced to come to their assistance with money, weapons and safe houses. On 21 June 1976, the Labour Relations Manager of Swift ( an American food processing company ), Osvaldo Raúl Trinidad is shot and killed outside his home in the La Plata suburb of Buenos Aires after coming under fire from a car load of masked peronist guerrillas.

Revenue is drawn from ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, branded merchandise and home video.

A typical home or small office router showing the ADSL telephone line and Ethernet network cable connections

It has yet to be revealed whether this had any bearing on the decision to cancel the program since Voyager was offered to syndication midway through its run with no impact on its network status, and TNG, DS9, and Voyager all saw episodes released to home video during their runs, long before those series ended.

IP set-top boxes have a built-in home network interface that can be Ethernet or one of the existing wire home networking technologies such as HomePNA or the ITU-T G. hn standard, which provides a way to create a high-speed ( up to 1Gbit / s ) local area network using existing home wiring ( power lines, phone lines, and coaxial cables ).

On a network with many machines it may take several tries before a free address is found, so for performance purposes the successful address is " written down " in NVRAM and used as the default address in the future.

At the time of the design of ATM, 155 Mbit / s Synchronous Digital Hierarchy ( SDH ) with 135 Mbit / s payload was considered a fast optical network link, and many Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy ( PDH ) links in the digital network were considerably slower, ranging from 1. 544 to 45 Mbit / s in the USA, and 2 to 34 Mbit / s in Europe.

DSL can be used as an access method for an ATM network, allowing a DSL termination point in a telephone central office to connect to many internet service providers across a wide-area ATM network.

Bulletin board systems were in many ways a precursor to the modern form of the World Wide Web, social network services and other aspects of the Internet.

For many years he was the British postmaster for the colonies, which enabled him to set up the first national communications network.

Controlling the broadcast domain in this fashion provides many of the advantages of a point-to-point network, using commodity broadcast-based hardware.

The UK has the 18th largest railway network in the world and despite many lines having closed in the 20th century it remains one of the densest rail networks.

In the second Beeching report of 1965 only the " major trunk routes " were selected for large-scale investment, leading many to speculate the rest of the network would eventually be closed.

fixed-line connections stand at less than 1 per 100 persons ; equipment is old and outdated, and connections with many parts of the country are unreliable ; mobile-cellular usage, in part a reflection of the poor condition and general inadequacy of the fixed-line network, increased more than 6-fold between 2002 and 2007 reaching a subscribership base of 25 per 100 persons

Competition from the railway network from the 1830s, and in the 20th century the roads, made the smaller canals obsolete for most commercial transportation, and many of the British canals fell into decay.

* Fox News: Until 2004, the CRTC's apparent reluctance to grant a digital licence to Fox News under the same policy which made it difficult for RAI to enter the country-same-genre competition from foreign services-had angered many conservative Canadians, who believed the network was deliberately being kept out due to its perceived conservative bias, particularly given the long-standing availability of services such as CNN and BBC World in Canada.

This is particularly so in Sydney and Melbourne, where headways on many lines in the core of the network reach 3 – 5 minutes in peaks and 10 – 20 minutes off peak ( about 18 hours a day ) and enter an underground loop for passenger distribution in the city centre ; and where ridership per capita exceeds the sum of metro and commuter rail in comparable North American urban areas such as Toronto, Boston or the San Francisco Bay Area.

Filters can be implemented in many different ways: by a software program on a personal computer, via network infrastructure such as proxy servers that provide Internet access.

Bicycling infrastructure is a dominant feature of both city and countryside infrastructure with bicycle paths and bicycle ways in many places and an extensive network of bicycle routes extending more than nationwide ( in comparison Denmark's coastline is ).

very efficient system based on island-wide microwave radio relay network and fiber optics lines that cover many of the main cities

The airport offers an extensive short and medium haul network, as well as domestic services to many regional airports in Ireland.

This made implementation difficult on many server platforms, and required that a server be present on each individual network link.

BOOTP introduced the innovation of a relay agent, which allowed the forwarding of BOOTP packets off the local network using standard IP routing, thus one central BOOTP server could serve hosts on many IP subnets.

Connectivity to the fixed network ( which may be of many different kinds ) is done through a base station or " Radio Fixed Part " to terminate the radio link, and a gateway to connect calls to the fixed network.

However, DSN tracking requires many skilled operators, and the DSN is overburdened by its use as a communications network.

Music commented that Jones's death " hit so many people so hard " because " Monkees nostalgia cuts across generations: from the people who discovered the band during their original 1960s run ; to the kids who came of age watching 1970s reruns ; to the twenty-and thirtysomethings who discovered the Monkees when MTV ( a network that owes much to the Monkees ' influence ) began airing old episodes in 1986.