It is a nominalist approach that denies that natural kinds and linguistic entities have substantive ontological implications.

It is a nominalist approach that denies that natural kinds and linguistic entities have substantive ontological implications.

There were many currents of thought in Paris but he was heavily influenced, as were fellow Scots such as Lawrence of Lindores by the nominalist and empiricist approach of John Buridan.

Ian Hacking has also argued that much of what is called social constructionism of science in contemporary times is actually motivated by an unstated nominalist metaphysical view.

William of Ockham ( c. 1285 – 1349 ) is remembered as an influential nominalist though his popular fame as a great logician rests chiefly on the maxim attributed to him and known as Ockham's razor.

Popper himself is a realist as opposed to an idealist, but a methodological nominalist as opposed to an essentialist.

As a proper nominalist, he held that definition and predication are either false or tautological, since we can only say that every individual is what it is, and can give no more than a description of its qualities, e. g. that silver is like tin in colour.

In this theory of modernity is self-assertion, which responds to the destruction of scholastic rationalism in the nominalist revolution ( with William of Ockham ).

Therefore, given Marsilius ’ acceptance of the basic nominalist foundation -- that is, universals are only in the mind -- objects of science are predicates which exist in the mind and describe the individuals in the world outside of the mind.

The view is commonly associated with George Boolos, though it is older ( see notably Simons 1982 ), and is related to the view of classes defended by John Stuart Mill and other nominalist philosophers.

It is certain that he did not deny the existence or possibility of these concepts, and he was therefore not a nominalist in the fashion of Taine or in the sense in which nominalism is now understood.

Sometimes he is classified as a moderate nominalist, but his admitting of objective precision ( praecisio obiectiva ) ranks him with moderate realists.

Azzouni is of the nominalist bent and has centered much of his philosophical efforts around defending nominalism.

Because of his reliance on the scholastic tradition, as well as the nominalist views of Ockham, he is often credited as being an " articulate spokesman of the via moderna and … a discerning user of the thought of via antiqua ” ( Oberman, 11 ).

It can be found in the work of Peter Abelard and reached its flowering in William of Ockham, who was the most influential and thorough nominalist.

This applies to nearly all non-Western philosophies, Oriental wisdom in particular, but also sensualist, empirical, materialist, nominalist, hedonistic currents and everything that can be put under the heading of “ anti-Platonic philosophy ”.

That the sound of a word also forms a class ( sound-universal ) was observed by Bhartṛhari ( c. 500 AD ), who also posits that language-universals are the units of thought, close to the nominalist or even the linguistic determinism position.

There, he eventually took the nominalist side, prompted as much by his mystical anti-ecclesiastical tendencies as by any metaphysical insight ; for the nominalists were then the anti-papal party.

At about the same time, the nominalist philosopher William of Ockham argued, in Book I of his Summa Totius Logicae ( Treatise on all Logic, written some time before 1327 ), that Categories are not a form of Being in their own right, but derivative on the existence of individuals.

He attacks a whole range of questions from a generally ‘ nominalist ’ perspective – a form of philosophical discourse whose tradition derives from the high Middle Ages and was to continue into that of the Scottish and other European empiricists.

For this reason Ockham has been called a " terminist ", to distinguish him from a nominalist or a conceptualist.

Rimini's nominalist view claims that God has the ability to distinguish abstract objects but has no need to manipulate them.

One of the first nominalist critiques of Plato's realism was that of Diogenes of Sinope, who said " I've seen Plato's cups and table, but not his cupness and tableness.

Prior thinkers, particularly nominalist William of Ockham in the early 14th century, had begun the intellectual movement toward empiricism.

This puts the nominalist who wishes to exclude the existence of sets and non-Euclidean geometry, but to include the existence of quarks and other undetectable entities of physics, for example, in a difficult position.

Here he studied scholastic philosophy and theology at the Sorbonne under a pupil of William of Occam's, from whom he imbibed the nominalist conception of philosophy ; in addition he studied Canon law, medicine, astronomy and even magic, and apparently some Hebrew.

* Martin Luther ( 1483 – 1546 ) -- also not strictly a philosopher, although he knew something of William of Occam and nominalist epistemology ), from an earlier era of European thought.

In 1383 Marsilius and Albert of Saxony went to spread the nominalist doctrine at.

In logic, he was an Aristotelian nominalist ; in natural philosophy, an empiricist.

" In his nominalist philosophy he accepted the basic nominalist foundation, namely that universals are only existent within the mind, and outside the mind there are only individuals.

In its first several decades, the university grew rapidly, opening colleges not only for philosophers from the realist and nominalist schools, but also for poor students wishing to study the liberal arts.

Leśniewski was also a radical nominalist: he rejected axiomatic set theory at a time when that theory was in full flower.

An approach that has appealed to some choreographers is reminiscent of Charles Olson's statement of the process of projective verse: `` one perception must immediately and directly lead to a further perception ''.

But in this approach it is the artist's ultimate insight, rather than his immediate impressions, that gives form to the work.

The approach to the depiction of the experience of creation may be analytic, as it is for Miss Litz, or spontaneous, as it is for Merle Marsicano.

An order can be chanced rather than chosen, and this approach produces an experience that is `` free and discovered rather than bound and remembered ''.

It is testimony to the deep respect in which Mr. Eisenhower was held by members of all parties that the moral considerations raised by his approach to the matter were not explicitly to be broached.

I am suggesting that a case-history approach to the Oedipus complex is a blind alley for a storyteller.

The interesting thing about Mr. Lyford's approach, and the approach of the contributors to The Agreeable Autocracies ( Oceana Publications, 1961 ) to the situation of American civilization, is that it is concerned with comprehending the psychological relationships which are having a decisive effect on American life.

For it is their catastrophic concept of the Anglo-Saxon invasions rather than Kemble's gradualist approach which dominates the field.

This is not to assume that his work was without merit, but the validity of his assumptions concerning the meaning of history must always be considered against this background of an unprofessional approach.

In this respect, his approach to poetry-and-jazz is in marked contrast to Kenneth Rexroth's.

His approach to music is highly individualistic ; ;

Since Laos is of no more purely military value to Moscow itself than it is to Washington, this approach might be expected to head off Mr. Khrushchev for the moment.

But if any realism and feeling for truth remain in the General Assembly, it is time for men of courage to measure the magnitude of the failure and urge some new approach.

That is one approach.

Mr. Richard Preston, executive director of the New Hampshire State Planning and Development Commission, in his remarks to the Governors Conference on Industrial Development at Providence on October 8, 1960, warned against the fallacy of attempting to attract industry solely to reduce the tax rate or to underwrite municipal services such as schools when he said: `` If this is the fundamental reason for a community's interest or if this is the basic approach, success if any will be difficult to obtain ''.

A systematic approach to development budgeting and programing is one important kind of self-help.

The most fundamental concept of the new approach to economic aid is the focusing of our attention, our resources, and our energies on the effort to promote the economic and social development of the less developed countries.

This problem of fair and equitable assessment of value is a difficult one to solve in that the determination of fair valuation is dependent on local assessors, who in general are non-professional and part-time personnel taking an individualistic approach to the problem.