Although the fossils of several older proto-frogs with primitive characteristics are known, the oldest " true frog " is Prosalirus bitis, from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona.

The oldest known caecilian is Eocaecilia micropodia, also from Arizona, while the earliest salamander is Beiyanerpeton jianpingensis from the Late Jurassic of northeastern China.

The oldest known mention of " Atlantic " is in The Histories of Herodotus around 450 BC ( Hdt.

The oldest known name for Anatolia, " Land of the Hatti " was found for the first time on Mesopotamic cuneiform tablets from the period of the Akkadian dynasty ( 2350 – 2150 BC ).

Neolithic sites such as Çatalhöyük, Çayönü, Nevali Cori and Hacilar represent the world's oldest known agricultural towns.

Gervase and Protase — and is one of the oldest extant bodies of historical personages known outside Egypt.

The oldest known document using the German word Alphorn is a page from a 1527 account book from the former Cistercian abbey St. Urban near Pfaffnau mentioning the payment of two Batzen for an itinerant alphorn player from the Valais.

After this, he was especially known for acting as a mediator between conflicting parties ( In Cologne he is not only known for being the founder of Germany's oldest university there, but also for " the big verdict " ( der Große Schied ) of 1258, which brought an end to the conflict between the citizens of Cologne and the archbishop.

* 1860 – On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.

The oldest bows known so far come from the Holmegård swamp in Denmark.

There is scattered evidence to suggest that the oldest known astrological references are copies of texts made during this period.

The oldest known adhesive, dated to approximately 200, 000 BC, is from spear stone flakes glued to a wood with birch-bark-tar, which was found in central Italy.

The Rensselyrics of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ( formerly known as the RPI Glee Club ), established in 1873 is perhaps the oldest known collegiate a cappella group.

The oldest known physical representations identified as symbols for abstract concepts are abstract engravings found on two pieces of ochre in Blombos Cave, South Africa, in 2001.

The oldest building was long known simply as The Admiralty, and is now referred to popularly as the Old Admiralty and officially as the Ripley Building.

The oldest known mention of Anubis is in the Old Kingdom pyramid texts, where he is associated with the burial of the pharaoh.

Alameda is also known for its Fourth of July parade, which is advertised as the second oldest and second longest Fourth of July parade in the United States.

Senet is among the oldest known board games.

Senet is the oldest board game known to have existed, and was pictured in a fresco found in Merknera's tomb ( 3300 – 2700 BC ).

Today known as the Chicago Cubs, they are the oldest team in American organized sports.

The oldest known bubble tea consisted of a mixture of hot Taiwanese black tea, small tapioca pearls ( 粉圓 ), condensed milk, and syrup ( 糖漿 ) or honey.

Descriptions of various beer recipes can be found in Sumerian writings, some of the oldest known writing of any sort.

* Scientists identify the oldest known bee, a 100 million-year-old specimen preserved in amber

The oldest text in Phoenician script is an inscription on the sarcophagus of King Ahiram.

Beit Lehi also contains the oldest known Hebrew writing of the word “ Jerusalem ” It's written as the inscription “ I am YHWH thy Lord.

The oldest known mention of their existence in the region by the exonym Siamese is in a 12th century A. D. inscription at the Khmer temple complex of Angkor Wat in Cambodia, which refers to syam, or " dark brown " people.

The oldest inscription was found near the Issyk river in Kyrgyzstan.

While the oldest known inscription in the Khmer language dates from 611 CE, inscriptions in Thai writing began to appear around 1292 CE.

According to tradition it was created in 1283 by King Ramkhamhaeng the Great (). Replica of the Ramkhamhaeng inscription, the oldest inscription using proto-Thai script

However even if the youngest date is correct, the inscription is still the oldest surviving testimony of the Samnite wars while an earlier date is no guarantee against distortion.

The Kedukan Hill inscription, which is dated 682 CE, is the oldest inscription found in Palembang.

The oldest tomb inscription in the local cemetery probably dates to 1610.

The Bilsad inscription is the oldest record of his reign and it dates to Gupta year 96, which corresponds to 415 CE.

The oldest known text in Arabic alphabet is an inscription found in Jabal Ram 50 km east of Aqaba.

The inscription also seems to be the oldest written reference to the Iliad.

The oldest documentation of the water clock is the tomb inscription of the 16th century BCE Egyptian court official Amenemhet, which identifies him as its inventor.

The inscription in Book V reads: " Herein are collected the oldest Tale of the Downfall of Númenor, the story of the Lost Road into the West, the Annals of Valinor and the Annals of Beleriand in a later form, the Ainulindalë, or the Music of the Ainur, the Lhammas, or Account of tongues, the Quenta Silmarillion or History of the Silmarils and the history of many words and names.

The oldest uncontested example of Georgian writing is an Asomtavruli inscription from 430 AD in a church in Bethlehem.

630 BC – Dorian aristocrats in Crete adopt formal relations between adult aristocrats and adolescent boys ; an inscription from Crete is the oldest record of the social institution of paiderasteia among the Greeks ( see Cretan pederasty ).

A stone slab discovered in the vicinity of the temple dates to the 5th century, and is the oldest such stone inscription discovered in Nepal.

The oldest dated inscription in Khmer was found at Angkor Borei in Takev Province south of Phnom Penh and dates from 611 AD.

A stone inscription found in Lumbarda ( Lumbarda Psephisma ) and which is the oldest written stone monument in Croatia ( and, until recently, in former Yugoslavia ), records that Greek settlers from Issa ( Vis ) founded another colony on the island in the 3rd century BC.

The oldest inscription so far discovered in Classical Arabic goes back to 328 AD and is known as the inscription, written in the Nabataean alphabet and named after the place where it was found in southern Syria in April 1901.

This is the oldest existing armed seal of Warsaw, consisting of a round seal bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis Varsoviensis ( Seal of the city of Warsaw ).