Although the fossils of several older proto-frogs with primitive characteristics are known, the oldest " true frog " is Prosalirus bitis, from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona.

The oldest known caecilian is Eocaecilia micropodia, also from Arizona, while the earliest salamander is Beiyanerpeton jianpingensis from the Late Jurassic of northeastern China.

The oldest known mention of " Atlantic " is in The Histories of Herodotus around 450 BC ( Hdt.

The oldest known name for Anatolia, " Land of the Hatti " was found for the first time on Mesopotamic cuneiform tablets from the period of the Akkadian dynasty ( 2350 – 2150 BC ).

Neolithic sites such as Çatalhöyük, Çayönü, Nevali Cori and Hacilar represent the world's oldest known agricultural towns.

Gervase and Protase — and is one of the oldest extant bodies of historical personages known outside Egypt.

The oldest known document using the German word Alphorn is a page from a 1527 account book from the former Cistercian abbey St. Urban near Pfaffnau mentioning the payment of two Batzen for an itinerant alphorn player from the Valais.

After this, he was especially known for acting as a mediator between conflicting parties ( In Cologne he is not only known for being the founder of Germany's oldest university there, but also for " the big verdict " ( der Große Schied ) of 1258, which brought an end to the conflict between the citizens of Cologne and the archbishop.

* 1860 – On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.

The oldest bows known so far come from the Holmegård swamp in Denmark.

There is scattered evidence to suggest that the oldest known astrological references are copies of texts made during this period.

The oldest known adhesive, dated to approximately 200, 000 BC, is from spear stone flakes glued to a wood with birch-bark-tar, which was found in central Italy.

The Rensselyrics of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ( formerly known as the RPI Glee Club ), established in 1873 is perhaps the oldest known collegiate a cappella group.

The oldest known physical representations identified as symbols for abstract concepts are abstract engravings found on two pieces of ochre in Blombos Cave, South Africa, in 2001.

The oldest building was long known simply as The Admiralty, and is now referred to popularly as the Old Admiralty and officially as the Ripley Building.

The oldest known mention of Anubis is in the Old Kingdom pyramid texts, where he is associated with the burial of the pharaoh.

Alameda is also known for its Fourth of July parade, which is advertised as the second oldest and second longest Fourth of July parade in the United States.

Senet is among the oldest known board games.

Senet is the oldest board game known to have existed, and was pictured in a fresco found in Merknera's tomb ( 3300 – 2700 BC ).

Today known as the Chicago Cubs, they are the oldest team in American organized sports.

The oldest known bubble tea consisted of a mixture of hot Taiwanese black tea, small tapioca pearls ( 粉圓 ), condensed milk, and syrup ( 糖漿 ) or honey.

Descriptions of various beer recipes can be found in Sumerian writings, some of the oldest known writing of any sort.

* Scientists identify the oldest known bee, a 100 million-year-old specimen preserved in amber

Diario De La Marina was the oldest and most influential paper in Cuba, with a reputation for speaking out against tyranny.

* The oldest and largest is the Brahmic family of India and Southeast Asia, in which vowels are marked with diacritics and syllable-final consonants, when they occur, are indicated with ligatures, diacritics, or with a special vowel-canceling mark.

Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning around 3, 400 years.

The oldest amber with arthropod inclusions comes from the MLevant, from Lebanon and Jordan.

In 1439, the Portuguese Cortes ( assembly of the kingdom ) decided to replace the queen with Infante Peter, Duke of Coimbra, the young king's oldest uncle.

They argue that the oldest copies of this text family are likely to have been lost or destroyed over time with use, and therefore extant manuscripts cannot accurately date a text family.

They grow in succession, with the oldest growing from the bottom of the trunk and successively younger ones from the top.

The oldest and most commonly used atomizers in AAS are flames, principally the air-acetylene flame with a temperature of about 2300 ° C and the nitrous oxide ( N2O )- acetylene flame with a temperature of about 2700 ° C.

Kitab al-Aghani ( Book of Songs ), a collection of poems and songs with the stories of the composers and singers in many volumes from the oldest epoch of Arabic literature down to the 9th cent.

According to the Bible, Amnon (, " faithful ") was the oldest son of David, King of Israel, with his wife, Ahinoam, who is described as " the Jezreelitess ".

Botany began with early human efforts to identify edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science.

The oldest surviving manuscripts of Isaiah are two scrolls found among the Dead Sea Scrolls: dating from about a century before the time of Jesus, they are substantially identical with the Masoretic version which forms the basis of most modern English-language versions of the book.

Borneo is home to one of the oldest rainforests in the world, along with the Daintree Rainforest in Australia and the Amazon rainforest.

Generally regarded as Sweden's oldest town, Birka ( along with Hovgården ) has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993.

Rock art of the " Round Head " style, found in the Ennedi region, has been dated to before the 7th millennium BC and, because of the tools with which the rocks were carved and the scenes they depict, may represent the oldest evidence in the Sahara of Neolithic industries.

The faunal stages from youngest to oldest, together with some of their subdivisions, are:

Yin, Yang, and the five elements are associated with themes in the I Ching, the oldest of Chinese classical texts which describes an ancient system of cosmology and philosophy.

Water clocks, also known as clepsydrae ( sg: clepsydra ), along with the sundials, are possibly the oldest time-measuring instruments, with the only exceptions being the vertical gnomon and the day-counting tally stick.