The one of 1861 made clear that in making their government the people were acting through their states, whereas the Preamble of 1787-89 expressed, as clearly as language can, the opposite concept, that they were acting directly as citizens.

Sonar can be used to measure the thickness of the heart by placing small crystal transducers at opposite sides of the heart or blood vessel and exciting one with some pulsed ultrasonic energy.

However, the opposite can also be true-An opponent can turn a positive statement into a bad one, if the speaker uses ambiguity ( intentionally or not ).

Particle-antiparticle pairs can annihilate each other, producing photons ; since the charges of the particle and antiparticle are opposite, total charge is conserved.

At the opposite extreme, a transformation of a thermodynamic system can be considered isothermal if it is slow enough so that the system's temperature remains constant by heat exchange with the outside.

The use of radical initiators or other chemicals can lead to the opposite product result, but the reactive-intermediate structures and mechanisms are different.

* The case n = 1 can be illustrated by the claim that there always exist a pair of opposite points on the earth's equator with the same temperature, this can be shown to be true much more easily using the intermediate value theorem.

The same bowler can deliver a " backhand draw " or " thumb peg " by turning the bowl over in his hand and curving it the opposite way, from left to right.

For a binomial involving subtraction, the theorem can be applied as long as the opposite of the second term is used.

The opposite effect can be achieved by treatment with a strong reducing agent that destroys the protective oxide layer on the metal.

* Adjoint functors: A functor can be left ( or right ) adjoint to another functor that maps in the opposite direction.

Camouflage can be achieved in what may seem opposite ways.

For example, if a player's " home " or destination corner is empty ( not an opponent's starting corner ), the player can freely arrange his / her pieces to serve as a ' ladder ' or ' bridge ' between the two opposite ends.

If two sets are played, the pieces can either go into the opponent's starting corners, or one of the players ' two sets can go into an opposite empty corner.

It is situated such that looking out from the stand you can see the Putney End and the Cottage opposite, the Riverside Stand ( and the river itself ) to the right and the Johnny Haynes Stand to the left.

For a convex shape in the plane, the diameter is defined to be the largest distance that can be formed between two opposite parallel lines tangent to its boundary, and the width is defined to be the smallest such distance.

Instead of enabling the guest operating system to dialog with hardware, virtual device drivers take the opposite role and emulate a piece of hardware, so that the guest operating system and its drivers running inside a virtual machine can have the illusion of accessing real hardware.

The village has a basin for small yachts and a few fishing boats opposite the millpond, an artificial lake which fills at high tide can be emptied through a sluice at low tide.

On the other hand, free software and proprietary software are opposite traits, and an application can be one or the other but never both, contingent upon the availability of the source code under certain minimum freedoms.

Since the inverse DFT is the same as the DFT, but with the opposite sign in the exponent and a 1 / N factor, any FFT algorithm can easily be adapted for it.

While its supporters argue that only a free market can create healthy competition and therefore more business and reasonable prices, opponents say that a free market in its purest form may result in the opposite.

Autosuggestibility, the reaction of the subject in such a way as to conform to his own expectations of the outcome ( i.e., that the arm-rise is a reaction to the pressure exerted in the voluntary contraction, because of his knowledge that `` to every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction '' ) also seems inadequate as an explanation for the following reasons: ( 1 ) the subjects' apparently genuine experience of surprise when their arms rose, and ( 2 ) manifestations of the phenomenon despite anticipations of something else happening ( e.g., of becoming dizzy and maybe falling, an expectation spontaneously volunteered by one of the subjects ).

It also overlooks the fact that in a rational lexicon, and quite clearly in More's lexicon, the opposite of serious is not gay but frivolous, and the opposite of gay is not serious but solemn.

It is important to note that, while research supports the idea that altruistic acts bring about happiness, it has also been found to work in the opposite direction — that happier people are also kinder.

The S-box is also chosen to avoid any fixed points ( and so is a derangement ), and also any opposite fixed points.

Like the festival of Samhain, opposite Beltane on 31 October, Beltane was also a time when the Otherworld was seen as particularly close at hand.

But finding the sea guarded by a squadron of Octavian's ships, he retired to winter at Patrae while his fleet for the most part lay in the Ambracian Gulf, and his land forces encamped near the promontory of Actium, while the opposite side of the narrow strait into the Ambracian Gulf was also protected by a tower and a body of troops.

** The breech refers to the mass of solid metal behind the bottom of the bore extending to the base of the breech and including the base ring ; it also generally refers to the end of the cannon opposite the muzzle, i. e., the location where the explosion of the gunpowder begins as opposed to the opening through which the pressurized gas escapes.

The filter might also provide a false sense of security for parents, who might supervise children less while using the Internet, achieving the exact opposite effect.

He also took roles in horror films opposite the late Margaux Hemingway in the thriller Lipstick ( 1976 ) and as a demon in the shocker The Sentinel ( 1977 ).

Beyond the calorimetric fact noted above that the latent heats and are always of opposite sign, it may be shown, using the thermodynamic concept of work, that also

It was also sometimes used to show feelings for one of the opposite gender.

Kaye also portrayed Captain Hook opposite Mia Farrow in a musical version of Peter Pan featuring songs written by Anthony Newley and Leslie Bricusse.

Charge is possessed not just by matter, but also by antimatter, each antiparticle bearing an equal and opposite charge to its corresponding particle.

Usually done without hands, the circular hey may also be done by more than two couples facing alternately and moving in opposite directions-usually to their original places.

Her film credits also include a featured role in Marked For Death opposite Steven Seagal, Pass The Ammo with Tim Curry, and the CBS feature 83 Hours Till Dawn with Peter Strauss and Robert Urich.

However, he also justified the expression he coined — " the map is not the territory " — by saying that " the denial of identification ( as in ' is not ') has opposite neuro-linguistic effects on the brain from the assertion of identity ( as in ' is ').

Fellini also worked with Rossellini on the anthology film L ' Amore ( 1948 ), co-writing the screenplay and in one segment titled, " The Miracle ", acting opposite Anna Magnani.

The Gambler's fallacy, also known as the Monte Carlo fallacy ( because its most famous example happened in a Monte Carlo Casino in 1913 ), and also referred to as the fallacy of the maturity of chances, is the belief that if deviations from expected behaviour are observed in repeated independent trials of some random process, future deviations in the opposite direction are then more likely.

Various sects of Christianity also spread throughout Iran, and Manichaeism developed from the two religions ; these were initially tolerated but later persecuted as the Romans followed the opposite route.

`` How could the mess be admitted, because it appears to be the very opposite of form and therefore destructive of the very thing that art holds itself to be ''??

This town should not be confused with Pawtucket, just north of Providence, or Pawcatuck, Connecticut, on the Pawcatuck River, opposite Westerly, Rhode Island.

If his circumspection in regard to Philip's sensibilities went so far that he even refused to grant a dispensation for the marriage of Amadee's daughter, Agnes, to the son of the dauphin of Vienne -- a truly peacemaking move according to thirteenth-century ideas, for Savoy and Dauphine were as usual fighting on opposite sides -- for fear that he might seem to be favoring the anti-French coalition, he would certainly never take the far more drastic step of ordering the return of Gascony to Edward, even though, as he admitted to the English ambassadors, he had been advised that the original cession was invalid.

Obviously, if colloidal particles bear charges of opposite sign or, if one kind is charged and the other kind is not, the attraction will be intensified and the tendency to agglomerate will be greatly reinforced.

Likewise, a charged particle will tend to stick to an uncharged surface and vice versa, and a charged particle will be very strongly attracted to a surface exhibiting an opposite charge.

There would be no conceivable sense in going to the opposite extreme of selecting items whose forms are the most unstable.

Uninhibited lyricism should be distinguished from its exact opposite -- the sterile, extraneous invention of the corn-belt metaphysicals, or present blight of poetic professors.

These will be numbered in the direction opposite to the flow of the process stream, so that stage R is the T stage from the end.

An unlimited use of economic pressures for diametrically opposite causes could devastate the pre-conditions of any fellow humanity as surely as this would be destroyed by the use of more obviously brutal means.

Muller's would have to be one of the half dozen almost directly opposite.

Many spectators will be occupying seats and vantage points bordering Lafayette Square, opposite the White House.

The charges of the electron and proton are believed to be exactly equal and opposite, but Dr. Lyttleton is not so sure.

The two little bangs meant that he was getting impatient to have a crowd of customers waited on and that if he had to he would jerk open the door and drag out, by the opposite door handle which she would be clutching, whichever-the-hell clerk it was who thought she could waste so much store time on the pot.

If we don't take care, the sisters will be entering the fray on opposite sides, brandishing their cudgels ''.

They tend to help less if they see non-cooperativeness by others and this effect tend to be stronger than the opposite effect of seeing cooperative behaviors.

Thus, while altruistic persons may under some circumstances be outcompeted by less altruistic persons at the individual level, according to group selection theory the opposite may occur at the group level where groups consisting of the more altruistic persons may outcompete groups consisting of the less altruistic persons.

Although particles and their antiparticles have opposite charges, electrically neutral particles need not be identical to their antiparticles.

( 16th century BC ) refers to it is improbable ; but we seem to be justified in holding Anah to be the town " in the middle of the Euphrates " opposite ( ina put ) to which