Their high risk / high payoff technology is aimed at solving the national level problems of protection from biological, chemical and information attack and to provide operational dominance for mobile distributed command and control, combined manned / unmanned warfare, and dynamic, adaptive military planning and execution.

A $ 279, 000 payoff for the silence of Jessica Hahn, a staff secretary at the church, was paid with PTL's funds to Hahn through Bakker associate Roe Messner, who later married Tammy Fay Bakker.

The reason given by the scammer usually relates to the speed at which the payment can be received and processed, allowing quick release of the supposed payoff.

The aspiration level is the payoff that the agent aspires to: if the agent achieves at least this level it is satisfied, and if it does not achieve it, the agent is not satisfied.

So, we require the aspiration level to be at or below the optimum payoff.

An equivalent way of looking at satisficing is epsilon-optimization ( that means you choose your actions so that the payoff is within epsilon of the optimum ).

The payoff of an option at maturity is known.

Different pricing formulae for various options will arise from the choice of payoff function at expiry and appropriate boundary conditions.

Chiefs Frank Temoke and Frank Brady refused the government's offer of a payoff under the Treaty of Ruby Valley 1863 at Battle Mountain on December 11, 1992.

First, note that under the assumption that there are no arbitrage opportunities, two portfolios that always have the same payoff at time T must have the same value at any prior time.

Let the price of S be S ( t ) at time t. Now assemble a portfolio by buying a call option C and selling a put option P of the same maturity T and strike K. The payoff for this portfolio is S ( T )-K. Now assemble a second portfolio by buying one share and borrowing K bonds.

Note the payoff of the latter portfolio is also S ( T )-K at time T, since our share bought for S ( t ) will be worth S ( T ) and the borrowed bonds will be worth K.

Both sides have payoff max ( S ( T ), K ) at time T, so this gives another way of proving put-call parity.

* Option replication, a trading strategy to ensure at a certain date the payoff of an option without trading this option

P1 is satisfied since the payoff function ensures that the market price is consistent with the outputs supplied and that each firms profits equal revenue minus cost at this output.

In mathematical terms, a caplet payoff on a rate L struck at K is

* A shout option allows the holder effectively two exercise dates: during the life of the option they can ( at any time ) " shout " to the seller that they are locking-in the current price, and if this gives them a better deal than the payoff at maturity they'll use the underlying price on the shout date rather than the price at maturity to calculate their final payoff.

* An Asian option ( or Average option ) is an option where the payoff is not determined by the underlying price at maturity but by the average underlying price over some pre-set period of time.

* A game option or Israeli option is an option where the writer has the opportunity to cancel the option he has offered, but must pay the payoff at that point plus a penalty fee.

The Cullen version originally used the Big 7 with a payoff of $ 1, 000, but in the third season, the prize was renamed Big Money Card and offered a random payoff between $ 1, 000 –$ 5, 000, in multiples of $ 1, 000.

The term first past the post ( abbreviated FPTP or FPP ) was coined as an analogy to horse racing, where the winner of the race is the first to pass a particular point ( the " post ") on the track ( in this case a plurality of votes ), after which all other runners automatically and completely lose ( that is, the payoff is " winner-takes-all ").

However, he is not above selling out his employers if it means a big payoff, a fact which Edison Carter takes advantage of on several occasions while working on stories.

Parimutuel betting ( from the or mutual betting ) is a betting system in which all bets of a particular type are placed together in a pool ; taxes and the " house-take " or " vig " is removed, and payoff odds are calculated by sharing the pool among all winning bets.

In 1984 Inge Telnaes received a patent for a device titled, " Electronic Gaming Device Utilizing a Random Number Generator for Selecting the Reel Stop Positions " ( US Patent 4448419 ), which states: “ It is important to make a machine that is perceived to present greater chances of payoff than it actually has within the legal limitations that games of chance must operate .” The patent was later bought by International Game Technology and has since expired.

* If neither of the above is the case ( for example, a three and an eight ), then a spread is announced which determines the payoff ( a 4-card spread, in this example ), and a third card will be dealt.

More formally, as before if denotes the set of all options s, and we have the payoff function U ( s ) which gives the payoff enjoyed by the agent for each option.

Also, in economics and Game theory there is the notion of an Epsilon equilibrium, which is a generalization of the standard Nash equilibrium in which each player is within ε of his or her optimal payoff ( the standard Nash-equilibrium being the special case where ε = 0 ).

This method gives the price as the expectation of the option payoff under a particular probability measure, called the risk-neutral measure, which differs from the real world measure.

This reflects the fact that feature writers aim to hold their readers ' attention to the end, which requires engendering curiosity and offering a " payoff.

This significantly reduces the chance of theft, because of the added difficulty in arranging such a conspiracy and the likely need to split the proceeds between the two employees, which reduces the payoff for each.

We can define the payoff function which gives the profit of each firm as a function of the two outputs chosen by the firms.

There are other, more unusual exercise styles in which the payoff value remains the same as a standard option ( as in the classic American and European options above ) but where early exercise occurs differently:

Liquidating the F ( 0 ) riskless bonds, each of which is worth, results in a net payoff of.

The term " tote board " comes from the colloquialism for " totalizator " ( or " totalisator "), the name for the automated system which runs parimutuel betting, calculating payoff odds, displaying them, and producing tickets based on incoming bets.

* Bonus 7: During the short-lived Junior Partner Pyramid format, each team chose one category during either of the day's two games to designate as their Bonus 7, which otherwise worked the same way as the Big 7 ( including the $ 500 payoff ).

Sometimes the players are assumed to split the payoff equally ( V / 2 each ), other times the payoff is assumed to be zero ( since this is the expected payoff to a war of attrition game, which is the presumed models for a contest decided by display duration ).

The time at which the rat presses most on these test trials is taken to be its estimate of the payoff time.

* The payoff at maturity depends not just on the value of the underlying index at maturity, but at its value at several times during the contract's life ( it could be an Asian option depending on some average, a lookback option depending on the maximum or minimum, a barrier option which ceases to exist if a certain level is reached or not reached by the underlying, a digital option, peroni options, range options, spread options, etc.

In mathematical finance, a risk-neutral measure, also called an equivalent martingale measure, is heavily used in the pricing of financial derivatives due to the fundamental theorem of asset pricing, which implies that in a complete market a derivative's price is the discounted expected value of the future payoff under the unique risk-neutral measure.

This was due to the development of the flintlock musket which could penetrate armour at a considerable distance, severely reducing the payoff from the investment in full plate armour.

The increase in competition for crews on armed merchant vessels and privateers was due, in a large part, because of the chance for a considerable payoff.

Instead, the contestant was allowed to play for a minimum of $ 500 as a consolation ; this was doubled to $ 1000 once the payoff structure for the Audience Match was changed.

The payoff was the development of Southern Pine plywood and the opening of Vancouver Plywood, Inc., the first plywood mill in the state, in Florien.

The expected payoff for both scenarios is $ 50, meaning that an individual who was insensitive to risk would not care whether they took the guaranteed payment or the gamble.

Although Gravano believed the entire neighborhood knew he was responsible for the murder, he was never charged for the crime: Gravano had made a $ 5, 000 payoff to the lead New York Police Department homicide detective Louis Eppolito to ensure that the investigation yielded no leads.

Tit for tat was superior to a variety of alternative strategies, winning ( getting a higher average payoff ) in several annual iterated Prisoner's Dilemma tournaments for autonomous programs against ( generally far more complex ) strategies created by teams of computer scientists, economists, and psychologists.

It is alleged that he was given a payoff of several hundred thousand dollars along with the post of military attaché in the embassy in Madrid, Spain, where he stayed until 1977.

Although he hardly played in the series, utility infielder Fred McMullin got word of the fix and threatened to report the others unless he was in on the payoff.

The maximum payoff was $ 144, 000.

In addition to repeating her earlier assertions, she also claims that Formula One driver Jacques Villeneuve was given a secret $ 12 million payoff to wear a Canadian flag logo on his racing suit ( however, Villeneuve sharply denies this allegation, calling it " ludicrous ").

The Bonus Stunt would revert to the nighttime version's original initial payoff of $ 100, increasing by that amount each time it was not won.

Although many smelled foul play, it was never proven that Hildreth received any payoff or that there was a conspiracy between him and Rothstein.

The report continued by noting that, despite Dave's appeal of the controversial ending to the Hogan-Andre match at The Main Event, Tunney had to uphold the decision since Earl was a licensed referee in Indiana ( the match took place in Indianapolis ); and that, as a result of Earl's cooperation, he became a " very rich " man thanks to a payoff by DiBiase.

This was the biggest upset in Breeders ' Cup history and his $ 269. 20 payoff for a $ 2 wager remains a Breeders ' Cup record.

The payoff was a virtual submarine voyage to an underwater base where visitors discovered the ruins of a lost civilization and encountered a sea monster before escaping back to the surface in Teleport capsules.