) in his or her blood stream, which were introduced by the shared circulatory system of the placenta ; neonatal milk, the milk from a lactating infant, is also known as witch's milk.

Chagas disease can also be spread congenitally ( from a pregnant woman to her baby ) through the placenta, and accounts for approximately 13 % of stillborn deaths in parts of Brazil.

** MAO-A is also found in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and placenta.

Secondary blood vessels also begin to develop around the placenta, to supply it with more nutrients.

Marsupial embryos form a choriovitelline " placenta " ( which can be thought of as something between a monotreme egg and a " true " placenta ), in which the egg's yolk sac supplies a large part of the embryo's nutrition but also attaches to the uterine wall and takes nutrients from the mother's bloodstream.

The ACOG also note that contraindications for induced labor are the same as for spontaneous vaginal delivery, including vasa previa, complete placenta praevia, umbilical cord prolapse or active genital herpes simplex infection.

Conjoined twins share a single common chorion, placenta, and amniotic sac, although these characteristics are not exclusive to conjoined twins as there are some monozygotic but non-conjoined twins that also share these structures in utero.

Khonsu can also be understood to mean king's placenta, and consequently in early times, he was considered to slay the king's ( i. e. the pharaoh's ) enemies, and extract their innards for the king's use, metaphorically creating something resembling a placenta for the king.

He also became associated with more literal placentas, becoming seen as a deification of the royal placenta, and so a god involved with childbirth.

In Egyptian mythology, Chensit ( also spelled Khensit ), which means placenta, was the patron goddess of the twentieth nome of Lower Egypt.

Atropine and hyoscyamine both cross the placenta and can be found in small quantities in breast milk ; whether this is also true for BZ is unclear.

In addition to being produced in the hypothalamus, CRH is also synthesized in peripheral tissues, such as T lymphocytes, and is highly expressed in the placenta.

CRH is also synthesized by the placenta and seems to determine the duration of pregnancy.

In Hungary, pancakes called palacsinta ( also derived from Latin placenta ) are made from flour, milk or soda water, sugar and eggs.

In addition to white adipose tissue — the major source of leptin — it can also be produced by brown adipose tissue, placenta ( syncytiotrophoblasts ), ovaries, skeletal muscle, stomach ( the lower part of the fundic glands ), mammary epithelial cells, bone marrow, pituitary, and liver.

This can also be produced by the placenta.

In placental mammals, the umbilical cord ( also called the birth cord or funiculus umbilicalis ) is the connecting cord from the developing embryo or fetus to the placenta.

TF is also abundant in tissues of the lungs, brain, and placenta.

They also may have a small increased risk of preeclampsia, may have a small increased risk of low birth weight babies, may have a small increased risk of miscarriage and stillbirth due to either clotting in the placenta, umbilical cord, or the fetus ( fetal clotting may depend on whether the baby has inherited the gene ) or influences the clotting system may have on placental development.

Fetal adrenal glands also produce P5 in some species, which is converted into P4 and estrogens by the placenta ( see below ).

Having a large placenta ( multiple gestation, hydatidiform mole ) also predisposes women to toxemia.

Passive immunity can occur naturally, when maternal antibodies are transferred to the fetus through the placenta, and can also be induced artificially, when high levels of human ( or horse ) antibodies specific for a pathogen or toxin are transferred to non-immune individuals.

As it takes no share in the formation of the placenta, this is also named the non-placental part of the chorion.

The outer membrane, the chorion, contains the amnion and is part of the placenta.

A hydatidiform mole is a pregnancy / conceptus in which the placenta contains grapelike vesicles ( small sacs ) that are usually visible with the naked eye.

The uterus contains two conceptuses: one with an abnormal placenta and no viable fetus ( the mole ), and one with a normal placenta and a viable fetus.

The placenta contains high levels of prostaglandin which stimulates involution ( an inward curvature or penetration, or, a shrinking or return to a former size ) of the uterus, in effect cleaning the uterus out.

The placenta is a much better source of stem cells since it contains up to ten times more than cord blood.

Young children are especially sensitive to vitamin K malabsorptive disorders because only a very small amount of vitamin K crosses the placenta, leaving the child with very low reserves.

Sometimes these maternal antibodies are IgG, a small immunoglobulin, which can cross the placenta and cause hemolysis of fetal RBCs, which in turn can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn called erythroblastosis fetalis, an illness of low fetal blood counts that ranges from mild to severe.

In digyny there is typically an asymmetric poorly grown fetus, with marked adrenal hypoplasia and a very small placenta.

A small number ( 1 – 2 %) of monozygotic twins share the same placenta and amniotic sac.

The Oxford English Dictionary derives the German and Slavic words from the Hungarians palacsinta, which it derives from the Romanian plăcintă (" pie, pancake "), which comes in turn from classical Latin placenta (" small flat cake ").

If the placenta does overlie the lower segment, as is the case with placenta praevia, it may shear off and a small section may bleed.

There are a number of causes including rupture of a small vein on the outer rim of the placenta.

The other PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 ( PAI-2 ) is secreted by the placenta and only present in significant amounts during pregnancy.

Placental expulsion can be managed actively, by giving a uterotonic such as oxytocin along with appropriate cord traction and fundal massage to assist in delivering the placenta by a skilled birth attendant.

It opens by two valves, which are the modified carpels, leaving the seeds attached to a framework made up of the placenta and tissue from the junction between the valves ( replum ).

The outer cells become the trophectoderm or trophoblast, which will form in combination with maternal uterine endometrial tissue the placenta, needed for fetal nurturing via maternal blood, while inner cells become the inner cell mass that will form all fetal organs ( the bridge between these two parts eventually forms the umbilical cord ).

Vascular spaces fuse and become interconnected, forming the placenta, which supplies oxygen and nutrition to the embryo and fetus.

According to that view, preeclampsia is caused by a failure of the mother to accept the fetus and placenta, which both contain " foreign " proteins from the father's genes.

Though the developing fetus may only be a carrier of the PKU gene, the intrauterine environment can have very high levels of phenylalanine, which can cross the placenta.

In monotremes, mammals which lay eggs, namely the platypus and the echidnas, either the term uterus or oviduct is used to describe the same organ, but the egg does not develop a placenta within the mother and thus does not receive further nourishment after formation and fertilization.

The females of many viviparous species develop a placenta with which to provide the growing embryo with nutrients.

During pregnancy, all women produce vasopressinase in the placenta, which breaks down ADH.

Maternal morbidity and mortality from extrauterine pregnancy are high as attempts to remove the placenta from the organs to which it is attached usually lead to uncontrollable bleeding from the attachment site.

If the organ to which the placenta is attached is removable, such as a section of bowel, then the placenta should be removed together with that organ.

The placenta functions as a fetomaternal organ with two components: the fetal placenta, or ( Chorion frondosum ), which develops from the same sperm and egg cells that form the fetus ; and the maternal placenta, or ( Decidua basalis ), which develops from the maternal uterine tissue.

The outer layer of the blastocyst becomes the trophoblast, which forms the outer layer of the placenta.