There remained only the delicate task of maneuvering the laws through the labyrinth of Palace politics and making a small number of policy decisions.

Though respected for their contributions to various academic disciplines ( respectively mathematics, linguistics, and literature ), the three men became known to the general public only by making often-controversial and disputed pronouncements on politics and public policy that would not be regarded as noteworthy if offered by a medical doctor or skilled tradesman.

This foray into government policy making, however, ended in a new currency crisis that December and the failure ( compounded by the company's lackluster business performance ) resulted in Born's 1991 ouster from the board ; he was replaced by Chief Operations Officer Octavio Caraballo.

In the most famous case of policy failure, Black Wednesday, George Soros arbitraged the pound sterling's relationship to the ECU and ( after making $ 2 billion himself and forcing the UK to spend over $ 8bn defending the pound ) forced it to abandon its policy.

It is argued that an independent central bank can run a more credible monetary policy, making market expectations more responsive to signals from the central bank.

Casuistry does not require practitioners to agree about ethical theories or evaluations before making policy.

At 71, Konstantin Chernenko was in poor health, suffering from emphysema, and unable to play an active role in policy making when he was chosen, after lengthy discussion, to succeed Andropov.

Records of births, deaths, marriages, immigration and emigration and a regular census of population provide information that is key to making sound decisions about national policy.

The Board of Selectmen have five members who are elected for three year terms and are the chief policy making body for the town.

In 2011, the university, along with WWF-Canada created the Conservation Legacy For Oceans, which aimed at providing scholarships, funding, curriculum development and work placements for students and academics dedicated to marine research, law, management and policy making.

Local groups increasingly find that they benefit from collaboration, e. g. on consensus decision making methods, or making simultaneous policy, or relying on common legal resources, or even sometimes a common glossary.

This has led a number of environmentalists to support the use of the precautionary principle in policy making, which ultimately asserts that we don ’ t know how certain actions may affect the environment, and because there is reason to believe they may cause more harm than good we should refrain from such actions.

Implicitly the government is responsible for internal policy and decision making in the European Union.

In the 1920s, Fascist Italy pursued an aggressive foreign policy that included an attack on the Greek island of Corfu, aims to expand Italian territory in the Balkans, plans to wage war against Turkey and Yugoslavia, attempts to bring Yugoslavia into civil war by supporting Croat and Macedonian separatists to legitimize Italian intervention, and making Albania a de facto protectorate of Italy, which was achieved through diplomatic means by 1927.

The city's great financiers, however, were less important in decision making than policy makers in Washington, and very high wartime taxes were not offset by heavy war spending.

The Germans continued the policy of making Namibia a white settlement by seizing land and cattle, and even trying to export Herero labor to South Africa.

The Board of Governors is one of two policy making bodies of the IAEA.

The Board, in its five yearly meetings, is responsible for making most of the policy of the IAEA.

The Generic Names Supporting Organization ( GNSO ) deals with policy making on generic top-level domains ( gTLDs ).

The Country Code Names Supporting Organization ( ccNSO ) deals with policy making on country-code top-level domains ( ccTLDs ).

The Address Supporting Organization ( ASO ) deals with policy making on IP addresses.

Despite an increasingly unpredictable domestic and international environment, policy making conforms to well established postwar patterns.

Lippmann understood that journalism's role at the time was to act as a mediator or translator between the public and policy making elites.

The problem in the policy officer's mind thus begins to take shape as a galaxy of utterly complicated factors -- political, military, economic, financial, legal, legislative, procedural, administrative -- to be sorted out and handled within a political system which moves by consent in relation to an external environment which cannot be under control.

This condition affects not only the conception but also the legislative and financial support of foreign policy, especially in the context of economic aid.

The efforts of various interest groups to control or influence governmental decisions, particularly when taken in conjunction with the impact of industralization, led to a concentration of attention on the legislative power and the means whereby policy could be formulated and enforced as law through bureaucratic institutions.

Field does the planning for the machine operations and fiscal processes and the adapting of the data processing system to new programs as they are made necessary by legislative and policy changes.

The few other areas that operate the special legislative procedures are justice & home affairs, budget and taxation and certain aspects of other policy areas: such as the fiscal aspects of environmental policy.

According to the Board of Governors, the Federal Reserve is independent within government in that " its monetary policy decisions do not have to be approved by the President or anyone else in the executive or legislative branches of government.

* Four pillars policy, a legislative policy of the Government of Australia to maintain the separation of four of the largest banks in Australia by disallowing their merger or acquisition by any of the other three banks

Both sets of documents contain items from the administrative, legislative, and judicial branches of government, and constitute an invaluable source of primary source materials for students and faculty in political science, public policy, sociology, business and other fields.

Gorbachev's policy of separating Party and State began to impact at the Soviet Republic level in early 1990 when each SSR held competitive elections to their respective legislative Supreme Soviets, shortly after the CPSU had given up its ' leading role '.

Having identified and learnt from its previous economic instabilities, legislative reform and a tightened fiscal policy promises to guide the country onwards and upwards.

Later, the United States federal government has imposed broad sanctions against Burma under several different legislative and policy vehicles.

Since the founding of the United States, the power of the president and the federal government have grown substantially and each modern president, despite possessing no formal legislative powers beyond signing or vetoing congressionally passed bills, is largely responsible for dictating the legislative agenda of his party and the foreign and domestic policy of the United States.

" She criticizes proponents of the unitary executive for expanding " the many existing uncheckable executive powers – such as executive orders, decrees, memorandums, proclamations, national security directives and legislative signing statements – that already allow presidents to enact a good deal of foreign and domestic policy without aid, interference or consent from Congress.

He determines the Commission's policy agenda and all the legislative proposals it produces ( the Commission is the only body that can propose EU laws ).

Public policy is commonly embodied " in constitutions, legislative acts, and judicial decisions.

As a practical matter, the limitation of Congress's ability to investigate only for a proper purpose (" in aid of " its legislative powers ) functions as a limit on Congress's ability to investigate the private affairs of individual citizens ; matters that simply demand action by another branch of government, without implicating an issue of public policy necessitating legislation by Congress, must be left to those branches due to the doctrine of separation of powers.

The policy of the UK Government in England was to establish elected regional assemblies with no legislative powers.

Taft's " policy of harmony " with Congress facilitated passage of most of his legislative program.

However, Canada was not established as fully independent, since the United Kingdom retained legislative control over Canada and full control over Canadian foreign policy.

Since many a country with a transitional political and economic system continues treating its constitution as an abstract legal document disengaged from the economic policy of the state, practice of judicial review of economic acts of executive and legislative branches began to grow.

These actions demonstrated that during those years, the nation ’ s domestic preparedness was addressed by several disparate legislative actions, motivated by policy and budgetary earmarking, and not by a single, unifying, comprehensive strategy to meet the nation ’ s needs over time.

The Board of County Commissioners serves as the legislative and policy setting body of Santa Rosa County as established under Section 125 of the Florida Statutes.