His political opponent and lifetime friend, Thomas Jefferson, achieved immortality through his authorship of the Declaration of Independence, but equally notable were the legal and constitutional reforms he instituted in his native Virginia, his role as father of our territorial system, and his acquisition of the Louisiana Territory during his first term as President.

Does the organization show an affinity for a foreign government, political party or personality in opposition or preference to the American system??

The problem in the policy officer's mind thus begins to take shape as a galaxy of utterly complicated factors -- political, military, economic, financial, legal, legislative, procedural, administrative -- to be sorted out and handled within a political system which moves by consent in relation to an external environment which cannot be under control.

Most countries in this second category share the difficulty of having many of the structures of a modern political and social system without the modern standards of performance required to make them effective.

In the absence of a reservoir of political consensus each organized political group hopes that the elections will give them new prominence, but in a system where there is as yet no place for the less prominent.

At the central level the scrutin uninominal voting system was selected over some form of the scrutin de liste system, even though the latter had been recommended by Duverger and favored by all political parties.

Although a somewhat technical subject, it has important political implications as the above discussion of the voting system indicated.

Thus the Congress marks a formal recognition of the political system that was central to world politics for a century.

Essentially this imposed two conditions: First, international law had to recognize and be compatible with an international political system in which a number of states were competitive, suspicious, and opportunistic in their political alignments with one another ; ;

No political order or economic system is so clearly contrary to nature.

( 2 ) Realtors realize, of course, that they are involved in an increasingly complex legal and political system that is opening up opportunities for leverage on their relation to clients as well as opportunities for evasion of their responsibility for racial discrimination in housing.

The Caucus Race as depicted by Carroll is a satire on the political caucus system, mocking its lack of clarity and decisiveness.

King Alexander tried to reconcile political parties by unveiling a liberal constitution of his own initiative, introducing for the first time in the constitutional history of Serbia the system of two chambers ( skupština and senate ).

He expanded the spoils system during his presidency to strengthen his political base.

It remains a unique and intriguing experiment in direct democracy, a political system in which the people do not elect representatives to vote on their behalf but vote on legislation and executive bills in their own right.

Though there might be blocs of opinion, sometimes enduring, on important matters, there were no political parties and likewise no government or opposition ( as in the Westminster system ).

Or perhaps this was a natural development in their political system.

It is part of Barbados ' political system and supported by the Public service.

Some argue that the openness of the country's political system has been a significant factor in Botswana's stability and economic growth.

This year marks the first post-communist government that not collapsed and served its 4-year term until 2001, thus stabilizing the political system in Bulgaria.

Together with the Bundesrat, the Bundestag is the legislative branch of the German political system.

Ratified in the Republican Party victory in 1952, the Positive State is now evidenced by political campaigns being waged not on whether but on how much social legislation there should be.

The active sponsor of Jefferson's measure for religious liberty in Virginia, Madison played the most influential single role in the drafting of the Constitution and in securing its ratification in Virginia, founded the first political party in American history, and, as Jefferson's Secretary of State and his successor in the Presidency, guided the nation through the troubled years of our second war with Britain.

State Controller Arthur Levitt, on the other hand, cannot effectively deny that he has chosen to be the candidate of those party leaders who as a rule have shown livelier interest in political power than in the city's welfare.

What Sam Rayburn's life proves to us all is the magnificent lesson in political science that one can devotedly and with absolute dedication represent the seemingly provincial interests of one's own community, one's own district, one's own State, and by that help himself represent even better the sweep and scope of the problems of this the greatest nation of all time.

No such political restraint subdues his blood when he gazes upon the State Department in anger.

In April 1823, US Secretary of State John Quincy Adams discussed the rules of political gravitation, in a theory often referred to as the " ripe fruit theory ".

Other more recent political figures educated at Columbia include U. S President Barack Obama, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, U. S. Attorney General Eric Holder, and U. S. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr .. Dwight D. Eisenhower served as the thirteenth president of Columbia University from 1948 to 1953.

* Anti-Somozistas who had supported the revolution but felt betrayed by the Sandinista government – e. g. Edgar Chamorro, prominent member of the political directorate of the FDN, or Jose Francisco Cardenal, who had briefly served in the Council of State before leaving Nicaragua out of disagreement with the Sandinista government's policies and founding the Nicaraguan Democratic Union ( UDN ), an opposition group of Nicaraguan exiles in Miami.

In May of that year, a group of Quito notables met to dissolve the union with Gran Colombia, and in August, a constituent assembly drew up a constitution for the State of Ecuador, so named for its geographic proximity to the equator, and placed General Flores in charge of political and military affairs.

According to the US Department of State 2009 human rights report there are hundreds of political prisoners in Ethiopia.

The US Department of State said on September 16, " these elections stand out as a milestone in creating a new, more competitive multi-party political system in one of Africa's largest and most important countries.

Still, the US Department of State said on September 16, " these elections stand out as a milestone in creating a new, more competitive multi-party political system in one of Africa's largest and most important countries.

In The Legal Basis of the Total State, Nazi political theorist Carl Schmitt described the Nazi intention to form a " strong state which guarantees a totality of political unity transcending all diversity " in order to avoid a " disastrous pluralism tearing the German people apart "

The Labour Charter of 1927, promulgated by the Grand Council of Fascism, stated in article 7: " The corporative State considers private initiative, in the field of production, as the most efficient and useful instrument of the Nation ", then continued in article 9: " State intervention in economic production may take place only where private initiative is lacking or is insufficient, or when are at stakes the political interest of the State.

However, after a long political career and with a very conservative reputation, in 1989 he placed himself at the head of verligte (" enlightened ") forces within the governing party, with the result that he was elected head of the National Party in February 1989, and finally State President in September 1989 to replace then president P. W.

In a letter dated 13 January 1997, the Department of State advised the other agencies of the Executive branch that it considered the West Bank and the Gaza Strip to be one area for political, economic, legal and other purposes.

Gun ownership in Australia is not a wide social issue, and major political parties are generally supportive of pro-control legislation ( Although parties such as the New South Wales Shooters Party, which represent pro-deregulation, have a small number of seats in State Parliaments ).

Though some still maintain that calling a Monarch Head of State is incorrect, it has now become a widespread political convention to attach the label to Monarchs, regardless of their political position.

Thus in March 1979 Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, who kept absolute power ( until his overthrow in 2011 referred to as " Guide of the Revolution "), after ten years as combined Head of State and Head of government of the Libyan Jamahiriya (" state of the masses "), styled Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, formally transferred both qualities to the General secretaries of the General People's Congress ( comparable to a Speaker ) respectively to a Prime Minister, in political reality both were his creatures.

Sometimes a head of state assumes office as a state becomes legal and political reality, before a formal title for the highest office is determined ; thus in the since 1 January 1960 independent republic Cameroon ( Cameroun, a former French colony ), the first President, Ahmadou Babatoura Ahidjo, was at first not styled président but ' merely ' known as Chef d ' état ( literal French for ' Head of State ') until 5 May 1960 ; in Uganda, military coup leader since 25 January 1971 Idi Amin was formally styled military head of State till 21 February 1971, only from then on regular ( but unconstitutional, not elected ) President.