At this time poets such as Ferdowsi ( who glorified the pre-Islamic Iran and patriotism ), Hafiz ( with his Epicurean view on life ) and Khayyam ( with openly agnostic themed poetry ) had already found their roots among Iranian culture and their works were looked upon as masterpieces of Persian literature.

Professor Dwight Reynolds describes the subsequent transformations of the Arabic version: " Some of the earlier Persian tales may have survived within the Arabic tradition altered such that Arabic Muslim names and new locations were substituted for pre-Islamic Persian ones, but it is also clear that whole cycles of Arabic tales were eventually added to the collection and apparently replaced most of the Persian materials.

He attributes a pre-Islamic Sassanian Persian origin to the collection and refers to the frame story of Scheherazade telling stories over a thousand nights to save her life.

The newly renovated building of Iran's Ministry of Foreign Affairs uses pre-Islamic Persian architecture extensively in its facade.

Islam took over much of the traditional glass-producing territory of Sassanian and Ancient Roman glass, and since figurative decoration played a small part in pre-Islamic glass, the change in style is not abrupt, except that the whole area initially formed a political whole, and, for example, Persian innovations were now almost immediately taken up in Egypt.

Some works of sīra also positioned the story of Muhammad as part of a narrative that includes stories of earlier prophets, Persian Kings, pre-Islamic Arab tribes, and the Rashidun.

Arabic Muslim sources called this dynasty al-Khaqaniya (" That of the Khaqans "), while Persian sources often preferred the term Al-i Afrasiyab (" The Family of the Afrasiyab ") on the basis of the legendary kings ( though actually unrelated to the Karakhanids and authentic Turkics ) of pre-Islamic Transoxania.

The name is simply the Arabic adaptation of a pre-Islamic Persian title, vichir ( Middle Persian for Vizier ), who was a minister to the Shah.

When speaking of the pre-Islamic " Khosrau of Khwarezm " ( خسرو خوارزم ), or post-Islamic " Amir of Khwarezm " ( امیر خوارزم ), or even the Khwarezmid Empire, sources such as Biruni and Ibn Khordadbeh and others clearly refer to Khwarezm as being part of the Iranian ( Persian ) empire.

The Kashmiri Pandits share many of their festivals with other Hindu communities. and some with Zoroastrians and Shin of Hindukush, and other Persian and Central Asian peoples, the pre-Islamic elements of whose cultures are derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian religion.

* Al-Dour: Located roughly where the town of Umm Al Quwain is now, it is considered the largest pre-Islamic site on the Persian Gulf coast.

They were known for the revival of pre-Islamic Persian culture.

Persian literature ( or ) spans two-and-a-half millennia, though much of the pre-Islamic material has been lost.

The Qanats are called Karez in Dari ( Persian ) and Pashto and have been in use since the pre-Islamic period.

From Ebn al-Moqaffaʿ ’ s Arabic rendering of Borzūya ’ s work are descended not only all later Arabic versions of Kalīla wa Demna, but also one of two Syriac versions ( the other one is pre-Islamic ) and the medieval Greek, Persian ( 6th / 12th century ), Hebrew, Latin, and Castilian versions.

Khwaday-Namag: Ibn al-Muqaffa ' is thought to have produced an Arabic adaptation of the late Sasanian Khwaday-Namag, a chronicle of pre-Islamic Persian kings, princes, and warriors.

Modern historians believe that the name Ganja ( گنجه / Ganjeh ) derives from the New Persian ganj ( گنج: " treasure, treasury ") and suggests that the city existed in pre-Islamic times and was likely founded in the 5th century.

The Battle of Dhi Qar ( Arabic, يوم ذي قار ), a pre-Islamic battle, pitted the Arabs in southern Iraq against a Persian army, c. 609.

In Zoroastrian belief, Chak Chak is where Nikbanou, second daughter of the last pre-Islamic Persian ruler, Yazdegerd III of the Sassanid Empire, was cornered by the invading Arab army in 640 CE.

This Persian practice dates to pre-Islamic, Zoroastrian times.

His great book, the Fihrist, gives ample testimony to the knowledge of pre-Islamic, Syriac, Greek, Sanskrit, Latin and Persian in classical Islamic civilization.

Rather than Satanic, however, Yazidism is better understood as a remnant of a pre-Islamic Middle Eastern Indo-European religion, and / or a ghulat Sufi movement founded by Shaykh Adi.

In Arabic superstition, the qarînah () is a spirit similar to the succubus, with origins possibly in ancient Egyptian religion or in the animistic beliefs of pre-Islamic Arabia ( see Arabian mythology ).

The main sources of classical or early Islamic philosophy are the religion of Islam itself ( especially ideas derived and interpreted from the Quran ), Greek philosophy which the early Muslims inherited as a result of conquests when Alexandria, Syria and Jundishapur came under Muslim rule, along with pre-Islamic Indian philosophy and Iranian philosophy.

His eminence in the sphere of scholarship was due primarily to his careful investigation of pre-Islamic and Islamic law, tradition, religion and poetry, in connection with which he published a large number of treatises, review articles and essays contributed to the collections of the Hungarian Academy.

Noted linguist Richard Strand, an authority on Hindu Kush languages, observed the following about pre-Islamic Nuristani religion:

Al-Uzzá ( ) was one of the three chief goddesses of Arabian religion in pre-Islamic times and was worshiped as one of the daughters of Allah by the pre-Islamic Arabs along with Allāt and Manāt.

Animist beliefs include both animist based festivals and traditions ( such as the Bori cult ), practiced by some syncretic Muslim communities, as opposed to several small communities who maintain their pre-Islamic religion.

As in other areas where Sufis introduced it, Islam to some extent syncretized with pre-Islamic influences, resulting in a religion with some traditions distinct from other parts of the Muslim world.

Although, certain ancient Zoroastrian traditions show a negative approach towards Zoroastrian melodies such as the pre-Islamic pastorals and minstrels, Zoroastrian music has been in the religion since it was founded.

There are differences in culture among the different ethnic groups in matters such as dress, food, and religion, especially where pre-Islamic customs differ from Islamic practices.

Students of the history of religion have linked several magical practises in Islam with pre-Islamic Turkish and East African customs.

He then began work on his Zurvan, a Zoroastrian Dilemma, a study of the pre-Islamic religion of Iran.

Prior to Islam the Kaaba of Mecca was covered in symbols representing the myriad demons, djinn, demigods, or simply tribal gods and other assorted deities which represented the polytheistic culture of pre-Islamic Arabia.

Many of the physical descriptions of the pre-Islamic gods are traced to idols, especially near the Kabba, which is asserted to have contained up to 360.

Furthermore, the Quran introduced additional heirs that were not entitled inheritance in pre-Islamic times, mentioning nine relatives specifically of which six were female and three were male.

It is hypothesized, however, that there were some elements of pre-Islamic architecture which were Islamicized into Andalusi and Maghribi architecture, for example, the distinctive horseshoe arch.

Nikah Ijtimah is a pre-Islamic tradition of polyandry which was forbidden to Muslims.

Even in the pre-Islamic era, Arab traders used to visit the Malabar region, which linked them with the ports of South East Asia.

Arches of this type were used in the Near East in pre-Islamic as well as Islamic architecture before they were structurally employed in medieval architecture, and are thus thought to have been the inspiration for their use in France, as at Autun Cathedral, which is otherwise stylistically Romanesque.

In pre-Islamic and early Islamic times, Tehran was called Ray ( which in the Avesta occurs in the form of Ragha ).

In the Muslim world, the usage of miswak — a type of chewing stick consisting of the roots or twigs of the Arak tree ( Salvadora persica ), which have antiseptic properties — is common practice and dates to pre-Islamic times .. Muhammad popularized the use of miswak and some erroneously believe it to have been his invention.

In Mecca, in pre-Islamic South Arabia, Allāt, Uzza, and Manah were believed to be the three chief goddesses of Mecca, they were called the " three exalted cranes " ( gharaniq, an obscure word on which ' crane ' is the usual gloss ).

Thu Al issba ' a Al Adwani ( in Arabic ) is a figure of the tribe In the pre-Islamic era, in which he's known as a poet and a man of wisdom. Furthermore, Banu Thabet are people descended from Thabit.

Jackson Bonner has recently prepared an English translation of the pre-Islamic passages of al-Akhbar al-Tiwal, which can be found here.

During the pre-Islamic era in present day Pakistan, the language of the masses was refined by the ancient grammarian Pāṇini, who set the rules of an ancient language called Sanskrit which was used principally for Hindu scriptures ( analogous to Latin in the Western world ).

Arches of this type were used in the Near East in pre-Islamic as well as Islamic architecture before they were structurally employed in medieval architecture, and are thus thought to have been the inspiration for their use in France, as at Autun Cathedral, which is otherwise stylistically Romanesque.

Nuristanis were depicted as their pre-Islamic past the Kafiristanis, as one of peoples inhabiting Kafiristan in Rudyard Kipling's book called The Man Who Would Be King which was then made into a film.

The poetry festivals of the pre-Islamic period often pitched two poets against each other in a war of verse in which one would be deemed winner by the audience.

Taha Hussayn, himself keen on European thought, would even dare to challenge the Qur ' an with modern critical analysis in which he pointed out the ideas and stories borrowed from pre-Islamic poetry.

The Shahnameh, a historical epic work written in the late 10th century, gives a description of what was called the Cup of Jamshid or Jaam-e Jam, used in pre-Islamic Persia, which was used by wizards and practitioners of the esoteric sciences for observing all of the seven layers of the universe.

In pre-Islamic era, Seqiz and surrounding areas comprised a small country known as Sagapeni, which is believed to be related to the name of the ancient Iranian Sakas ( Scythians ) from which the name of the city is derived.

This contrasts with the norms of pre-Islamic Arabia, which was a thoroughly tribal society, although Serjeant postulates the existence of earlier theocratic communities.

The largest celebration to come from the pre-Islamic period is Navruz, which means " New Day ".