Other algorithms include the precedence climbing method and the top down operator precedence method.

Different degrees of emphasis on this method or theory lead to a range of rationalist standpoints, from the moderate position " that reason has precedence over other ways of acquiring knowledge " to the more extreme position that reason is " the unique path to knowledge ".

They are very often required for math classes from the junior high school level through college, and are generally either permitted or required on many standardized tests covering math and science subjects ; as a result, many are sold into educational markets to cover this demand, and some high-end models include features making it easier to translate the problem on a textbook page into calculator input, from allowing explicit operator precedence using parentheses to providing a method for the user to enter an entire problem in as it is written on the page using simple formatting tools.

MSP is a generalization of the simple precedence parser method invented by Niklaus Wirth for PL360.

If a batsman could be given out caught or by any other method except bowled, ' caught ' takes precedence.

In some monastic families there is a hierarchy of precedence or authority among abbots.

He is one of the highest-ranking men in England and the highest ranking non-royal in the United Kingdom's order of precedence.

In the English order of precedence, the Archbishop of Canterbury is ranked above all individuals in the realm, with the exception of the Sovereign and members of the Royal Family.

The medal is the fourth-highest combat decoration and the ninth highest U. S. military award in order of precedence.

While Smith was always an artist who worked in several very different media, it is possible to identify three distinct periods in which one form of art had precedence over the others.

For those priests over 80 who became cardinal-deacons and were not ordained to the episcopacy, this is the highest position they can normally attain in the Church hierarchy ( though all cardinals rank above bishops in rank and order of precedence, those cardinals who are not bishops do not have the right to perform the functions reserved solely to bishops, such as ordination ).

This decoration takes precedence over the Distinguished Service Medals of the separate services and is not to be awarded to any individual for a period of service for which an Army, Navy, Air Force or Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal is awarded.

Parliament is the " first institution " of the EU ( mentioned first in the treaties, having ceremonial precedence over all authority at European level ), and shares equal legislative and budgetary powers with the Council ( except in a few areas where the special legislative procedures apply ).

The order of precedence of the laws applicable to the SE is clarified.

In national usage, national protocol usually demands the national flag takes precedence over the European flag ( which is usually displayed to the right of the national flag from the observer's perspective ).

Emperors were once given precedence over kings in international diplomatic relations ; currently, precedence is decided by the length a head of state is continuously in office.

Outside the European context, emperor is a translation given to holders of titles who are accorded the same precedence as European emperors in diplomatic terms.

In addition to preview by the Constitutional Law Committee, all Finnish courts of law have the obligation to give precedence to the constitution when there is an obvious conflict between the constitution and a regular law.

The Legion of Merit is sixth in the order of precedence of U. S. Military awards and is worn after the Defense Superior Service Medal and before the Distinguished Flying Cross.

In a language that supports operator overloading, and assuming the '*' operator has higher precedence than '+', this is effectively a more concise way of writing:

The Presidential Medal of Freedom is similar in name to the Medal of Freedom established by President Harry S. Truman in 1945 to honor civilian service during World War II, but much closer in meaning and precedence to the Medal for Merit: the Presidential Medal of Freedom is currently the supreme civilian decoration in precedence, whereas the Medal of Freedom was inferior in precedence to the Medal for Merit ; the Medal of Freedom was awarded by any of three Cabinet secretaries, whereas the Medal for Merit was ( and the PMOF is ) awarded by the president.

In 1994 a committee of IUPAC recommended that element 107 be named bohrium, not nielsbohrium, since there was no precedence for using a scientist's complete name in the naming of an element.

But by convention, the LR name stands for the form of parsing invented by Donald Knuth, and excludes the earlier, less powerful precedence methods.

A year later this name was officially adopted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC ) after 100 years of controversy, despite the chronological precedence of the name Columbium.

As the senior synonym, Cuvier's name has precedence, so applying modern rules for the combination of the genus name and the specific epithet, the valid species name became Ptéro-Dactyle antiquus.

Unaware of Rafinesque's publication Cuvier himself in 1819 again Latinized the genus, but the specific name he then gave, longirostris, has to give precedence to von Soemmerring's antiquus.

Ileitis terminalis was first described by Polish surgeon Antoni Leśniowski in 1904, however, due to the precedence of Crohn's name in the alphabet, it became later to be known in the worldwide literature as Crohn's disease.

Because the mail was sent to and from Berkeley Springs, that name slowly took precedence.

This seems most unlikely when one considers that Stark counties in Ohio ( 1808 ) and Illinois ( 1839 ) both preceded Starke County's organization and offered clear precedence and guidance on the spelling of the name, not to mention other numerous settlements within the United States named after the General also predating Starke County.

It supplements the Principle of Priority, which states that the first published name takes precedence.

If that name cannot be used ( for example because an older name established prior to 1858 takes precedence ), this does not mean that the 1868 name can be used for a hemipteran genus.

Later, it was customary to name the regiment by its precedence in the line of battle, and to recruit from specific places, called cantons.

CO is also the name of the resulting schedule property: A schedule has the CO property if the chronological order of its transactions ' commit events is compatible with the respective transactions ' precedence ( partial ) order.

Despite Bilharzia having precedence the genus name Schistosoma was officially adopted by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.

No doubt largely because of his influence, various authors supported the term, either as such, or as " Urochordata ", but the usage is invalid because " Tunicata " has precedence and there never were grounds for superseding the name.

Lady Niuhuru, as former Empress Consort and the new Emperor's legal mother, was created " Empress Mother Empress Dowager " ( 母后皇太后 ), a title which gave her precedence over Empress Dowager Cixi, and given the honorific name of Ci ' an ( 慈安-meaning " motherly and calming ").

However, the first name was recognised as taking precedence under ICZN naming rules and its spelling preserved.

The order in which these are listed after a name is based on the order of precedence and category of the order.

For example the Italian flag code expressly replaces the Italian flag for the European flag in precedence when dignitaries from other EU countries visit – for example the EU flag would be in the middle of a group of three flags rather than the Italian flag.

Due to a combination of ( 1 ) the traditions of dynastic succession in Aragon, which permitted maternal inheritance with no precedence for female rule ; ( 2 ) the insanity of Charles's mother, Joanna of Castile ; and ( 3 ) the insistence by his remaining grandfather, Maximilian I, that he take up his royal titles, Charles initiated his reign in Castile and Aragon, a union which evolved into Spain, in conjunction with his mother.

Devotees of Orpheus and Musaeus were probably responsible for precedence being given to their two cult heroes and maybe the Homeridae were responsible in later antiquity for promoting Homer at Hesiod's expense.

Hengist — here Geoffrey notes whose " years and wisdom entitled him to precedence "— responds for the company, stating that they have come from their homeland of Saxony, and that they had come to offer their services to Vortigern or some other prince.

Rules of precedence affect which values form operands for which operators:

It was rather poorly attended, which gave the Pope a pretext for dissolving it as soon as it had come to the resolution that " internal church union by reform ought to take precedence over external union ".

A dispute for precedence among the Sees of Ravenna, Milan, and Aquileia was settled in favour of Ravenna.

Likewise, there is no requirement for the precedence rules required in infix notation.

Flattering for Norman sailors, this argument gives credence also to the idea of a precedence of the French presence in the region, but it is not confirmed by subsequent work.