Methods that do not include any empirical or semi-empirical parameters in their equations – being derived directly from theoretical principles, with no inclusion of experimental data – are called ab initio methods.

Many data structures use both principles, sometimes combined in non-trivial ways ( as in XOR linking )

( Fermi was known for his ability to make good estimates from first principles and minimal data, see Fermi problem.

Theoretical lexicography ( or metalexicography ) concerns the same aspects as lexicography, but aims to develop principles that can improve the quality of future dictionaries, for instance in terms of access to data and lexicographic information costs.

These algorithms compute an estimate of the likely distribution of annihilation events that led to the measured data, based on statistical principles.

In his two part work The Age of Reason, the American revolutionary Thomas Paine wrote, " The study of theology, as it stands in Christian churches, is the study of nothing ; it is founded on nothing ; it rests on no principles ; it proceeds by no authorities ; it has no data ; it can demonstrate nothing ; and it admits of no conclusion.

data, converted to the experience that selects one or another language within a narrow range ; ( 3 ) principles

It is a framework for the specification of a network's physical components and their functional organization and configuration, its operational principles and procedures, as well as data formats used in its operation.

Basic principles of data transmission may also be covered within the computer science / computer engineering topic of data communications, which also includes computer networking or computer communication applications and networking protocols, for example routing, switching and inter-process communication.

The digital revolution has also resulted in many digital telecommunication applications where the principles of data transmission are applied.

Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of celestial objects, which is then analyzed using basic principles of physics.

One of the principles of relational database design is that the fields of data tables should reflect a single characteristic of the table's subject, which means that they should not contain concatenated strings.

The reason for such principles is that without them, the entry and updating of large volumes of data becomes error-prone and labor-intensive.

Transductive support vector machines extend SVMs in that they could also treat partially labeled data in semi-supervised learning by following the principles of transduction.

The main reason for using IrDA had been wireless data transfer over the “ last one meter ” using point and shoot principles.

Pascal advocates strict adherence to the principles of the relational model, and argues that departing from the model in the name of pragmatism is responsible for serious data management troubles.

The field applies principles of physics, historically classical mechanics, to astronomical objects such as stars and planets to produce ephemeris data.

Ptolemy selected the best of the astronomical principles of his Greek predecessors, especially Hipparchus, and appears to have combined them either directly or indirectly with data and parameters obtained from the Babylonians.

Following the computer science principles of separation of concerns and information hiding, " Comm Pool's purpose was to permit the sharing of System Data among many programs by providing a centralized data description.

The principles of technical analysis are derived from hundreds of years of financial markets data.

eight principles should be considered for observing, recording and sampling data according to Denzin:

Instead of starting with empirical data, he started with a classical economic model following very simple economic principles.

Although, fundamentally, both Western and Japanese primatology share many of the same principles, the areas of their focus in primate research and their methods of obtaining data differ widely.

The design principles of the Internet protocols assume that the network infrastructure is inherently unreliable at any single network element or transmission medium and that it is dynamic in terms of availability of links and nodes.

Barkla made significant progress in developing and refining the laws of X-ray scattering, X-ray spectroscopy, the principles governing the transmission of X-rays through matter, and especially the principles of the excitation of secondary X-rays.

Such comparisons are possible through study of general quality attributes of the assays e. g. principles of measurement ( including identification, amplification and detection ), dynamic range of detection ( usually the range of linearity of the standard curve ), analytic sensitivity, functional sensitivity, analytic specificity, positive, negative predictive values, turn around time i. e. time taken to finish a whole cycle from the preanalytic steps till the end of the last post analytic step ( report dispatch / transmission ), thruput i. e. number of assays done per unit time ( usually expressed as per hour ) etc.

ILLC's central research area is the study of fundamental principles of encoding, transmission and comprehension of information.

Facsimile transmission of still photographs employed some of the principles of mechanical television as early as the 19th century.

) This mode of the transmission was nevertheless based on consistent rules and principles such that those " equipped with the keys " would be able to unlock their meaning ; to others they would appear as non-rational or fantastic.

Based on the principles of continuously variable transmission ( CVT ) popularised by DAF, Multitronic offers a stepless automatic transmission in which the ratio between the input shaft and output shaft can be varied continuously within a given range, providing virtually an infinite number of possible ratios.

In creating his own line of transmission, he named it the Itto Shoden Muto-ryu to emphasize that he was passing on the correct transmission of Ittō-ryū principles and techniques.

It is not implied that formal principles and procedures are so firmly entrenched within the public order of the world community or even of free commonwealths that they will control in all circumstances involving Jews and Gentiles during coming years.

This is full evidence of your support for my principles.

Although because of the important achievements of nineteenth century scholars in the field of textual criticism the advance is not so striking as it was in the case of archaeology and place-names, the editorial principles laid down by Stevenson in his great edition of Asser and in his Crawford Charters were a distinct improvement upon those of his predecessors and remain unimproved upon today.

And the second requirement for convincing people without their knowledge is artistic talent to prepare the words and pictures which persuade by using the principles which the scientists have discovered.

What is required is the full implementation of Article 2 of the Treaty, which provides: `` The Parties will contribute toward the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations by strengthening their free institutions, by bringing about a better understanding of the principles upon which these institutions are founded, and by promoting conditions of stability and well-being.

Through the SBA's Management Counseling Program, practical, personalized advice on sound management principles is available upon request to both prospective and established businessmen in a community.

This is a normal governmental procedure which reflects more accurately cost-accounting principles.

He will not be surprised to find that general principles produce conflicting results in the factual situation with which he is confronted.

The long-range objective is to hold the damage from destructive agencies below the level which would seriously interfere with intensive management of the National Forest System under principles of multiple use and high-level sustained yield of products and services.

The design of a mechanical interlocking frame is much like a mechanical puzzle, but once understood, the principles can be applied to any track and signal arrangement.

The architects do not believe that the education of the interior designer is sufficiently good or sufficiently extended to compare with that of the architect and that, therefore, the interior designer is incapable of understanding the architectural principles involved in planning the interior of a building.

Then, too, the utmost clinical flexibility is necessary in judiciously combining carefully timed family-oriented home visits, single and group office interviews, and appropriate telephone follow-up calls, if the worker is to be genuinely accessible and if the predicted unhealthy outcome is to be actually averted in accordance with the principles of preventive intervention.

It is the classroom teacher, however, who has daily contacts with pupils, and who is in a unique position to put sound psychological principles into practice.

The purpose of this sort of philosophical study of sociology is not to tyrannize but to clarify the principles of social science.

There seems to be no purpose in life that is sure -- no certain guiding principles to give stability.

This makes necessary a morality of means, and principles governing the conduct of resistance whenever this is thought to be justified.

and when this is done it will be found that the principles governing Christian resistance cut across the distinction between violent and non-violent means, and apply to both alike, justifying either on occasion and always limiting either action.

The degree to which these principles are practiced is different for householders and monks.

" On July 27, 1868, the day before the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted, U. S. Congress declared in the preamble of the Expatriation Act that " the right of expatriation is a natural and inherent right of all people, indispensable to the enjoyment of the rights of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness ," and ( Section I ) one of " the fundamental principles of this government " ( United States Revised Statutes, sec.

While Kierkegaard's feeling of angst is fear of actual responsibility to God, in modern use, angst was broadened by the later existentialists to include general frustration associated with the conflict between actual responsibilities to self, one's principles, and others ( possibly including God ).