This led to the development of the Sample Dump Standard ( SDS ), which established a protocol for sample transmission.

After a connection or virtual circuit is established between two nodes or application processes, a bit stream or byte stream may be delivered between the nodes ; a virtual circuit protocol allows higher level protocols to avoid dealing with the division of data into segments, packets, or frames.

* Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP ), where a reliable virtual circuit is established on top of the underlying unreliable and connectionless IP protocol.

* Stream Control Transmission Protocol ( SCTP ), where a virtual circuit is established on top of either the IP protocol or the UDP protocol.

On 2 August 1945, they established the Potsdam protocol.

This deal established SIP / SIMPLE as a standard for protocol interoperability and established a connectivity fee for accessing public instant messaging groups or services.

The proportions, shades of color as well as the flag protocol were established by law in 1994 and extended in 2001.

It is a distributed, open architecture protocol based on established standards such as the Internet Protocol Suite ( TCP / IP ), HTTP, XML, and SOAP.

Breaking contemporary protocol he asked the King to dissolve Parliament and to remove his civil councillors, referring to " our happy constitution as it was established in the Glorious and Necessary Revolution ".

This is called the TCP three-way handshake, and is the foundation for every connection established using the TCP protocol.

Although there is no formally published ranking, there is usually an established convention and protocol, and the relative positions of Chinese political figures can usually be deduced from the order in meetings and especially by the time and order which figures are covered by the official media.

Once a connection is established, the protocol used for DCC CHAT is very simple: users exchange CRLF-terminated messages.

* standardized network protocol ( TCP / IP ), document protocol ( HTML ), and file transfer protocol ( ftp ) already well established and suitable for all platforms

By the late 1970s, the activities of enthusiasts and scholar-performers at places like the Mystic Seaport Museum ( who initiated an annual Sea Music Festival in 1979 ) and the San Francisco Maritime Museum established sea music — inclusive of shanties, sea songs, and other maritime music — as a genre with its own circuit of festivals, record labels, performance protocol, and so on.

The great 19th-century medical researcher Rudolf Virchow, in response to a lack of standardization of autopsy procedures, established and published specific autopsy protocols ( one such protocol still bears his name ).

To facilitate this, an L2TP session ( or ' call ') is established within the tunnel for each higher-level protocol such as PPP.

He established a strict protocol of seclusion and deference as well as a nationwide network of spies, administered justice, and ruled for fifty-three years ; his son and successor was Phraortes, father of Cyaxares, who overthrew the Assyrian Empire and established the power of Media.

He also established an order of precedence and protocol and was noted as a noble man who gave back generously to the poor.

The proposal of the emperor Alexander I to establish a " universal union of guarantee " on the broad basis of the Holy Alliance, after much debate, broke down on the uncompromising opposition of Britain ; and the main outcome of the congress was the signature, on 15 November, of two instruments: a secret protocol confirming and renewing the Quadruple Alliance established by the treaties of Chaumont and Paris ( of 20 November 1815 ) against France, and a public " declaration " of the intention of the powers to maintain their intimate union, " strengthened by the ties of Christian brotherhood ," of which the object was the preservation of peace on the basis of respect for treaties.

A packet is forwarded only if a connection is established using a known protocol.

DICT is a dictionary network protocol created by the DICT Development Group.

* A repository of source files for the DICT Development group's dict protocol server ( with a few sample dictionaries ) is available at ftp :// ftp. dict. org / dict /

Sokwanele closely monitored, in the 22 weeks leading up to the parliamentary elections on March 31, 2005, the government's compliance with the Southern African Development Community ( SADC ) protocol ' Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections '.

Later that year, Williams and her son moved to Maine, where she worked for Medical Care Development in Augusta for a year, designing training protocol for home-care providers.

* Universal Subscription Mechanism, a protocol for RSS

* Sun Enterprise Authentication Mechanism, an implementation of Kerberos protocol for the Solaris operating system

The Apple Filing Protocol ( AFP ), formerly AppleTalk Filing Protocol, is the protocol for communicating with AppleShare file servers.

ATM is a core protocol used over the SONET / SDH backbone of the public switched telephone network ( PSTN ) and Integrated Services Digital Network ( ISDN ), but its use is declining in favour of All IP.

On slower or congested links ( 622 Mbit / s and below ), ATM does make sense, and for this reason most asymmetric digital subscriber line ( ADSL ) systems use ATM as an intermediate layer between the physical link layer and a Layer 2 protocol like PPP or Ethernet.

Under the latest economic protocol ( signed 3 January 1997 ), Turkey has undertaken to provide loans totalling $ 250 million for the purpose of implementing projects included in the protocol related to public finance, tourism, banking, and privatization.

* Chord ( peer-to-peer ), a peer-to-peer protocol and algorithm for distributed hash tables ( DHT )

An authoritative server indicates its status of supplying definitive answers, deemed authoritative, by setting a software flag ( a protocol structure bit ), called the Authoritative Answer ( AA ) bit in its responses.

In this case typically middleware for distribution is used which typically includes an atomic commit protocol ( ACP ), e. g., the two-phase commit protocol, to allow distributed ( global ) transactions ( vs. local transactions confined to a single DBMS ) across the participating databases.

The DECT data link layer uses LAPC ( Link Access Protocol Control ), a specially designed variant of the ISDN data link protocol called LAPD.

* During World War II, the secret protocol in Molotov-Ribbentrop pact enabled Winter War ( 1939 – 40 ), a Soviet attack on Finland.

In version 0. 4 of the protocol, the number of actively connected nodes for a client was quite small ( around 5 ), so each node then forwarded the request to all its actively connected nodes, and they in turn forwarded the request, and so on, until the packet reached a predetermined number of hops from the sender ( maximum 7 ).

* Gopher ( protocol ), for the distributed hypertext protocol.

The APN defines the services such as wireless application protocol ( WAP ) access, short message service ( SMS ), multimedia messaging service ( MMS ), and for Internet communication services such as email and World Wide Web access.

Under the protocol signed on 7 May 1832 between Bavaria and the protecting Powers, and basically dealing with the way in which the Regency was to be managed until Otto reached his majority ( while also concluding the second Greek loan, for a sum of £ 2, 400, 000 sterling ), Greece was defined as an independent kingdom, with the Arta-Volos line as its northern frontier.

The interim protocol was quickly replaced by the Interactive Mail Access Protocol ( IMAP2 ), defined in RFC 1064 ( in 1988 ) and later updated by RFC 1176 ( in 1990 ).

In the new Cisco CCNA curriculum ( version 4 ), IGRP is mentioned only briefly, as an " obsolete protocol ".

To transfer data reliably, applications must utilize an appropriate Transport Layer protocol, such as Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP ), which provides a reliable stream.

Some applications use a simpler, connection-less transport protocol, User Datagram Protocol ( UDP ), for tasks which do not require reliable delivery of data or that require real-time service, such as video streaming or voice chat.

Under some conventions – e. g. the European Convention on Human Rights – individuals or states are permitted, subject to certain conditions, to take individual cases to the enforcement mechanisms ; under most, however ( e. g. the UN conventions ), individual access is contingent on the acceptance of that right by the relevant state party, either by a declaration at the time of ratification or accession, or through ratification of or accession to an optional protocol to the convention.

The ISDN protocol delivers channelized, not-over-the-Internet service, powerful call setup and routing features, faster setup and tear down, superior audio fidelity as compared to POTS ( plain old telephone service ), lower delay and, at higher densities, lower cost.

This work includes coordination of the Internet Protocol address spaces ( IPv4 and IPv6 ) and assignment of address blocks to regional Internet registries, for maintaining registries of Internet protocol identifiers, and for the management of the top-level domain name space ( DNS root zone ), which includes the operation of root nameservers.

IPv6 ( Internet Protocol version 6 ) is the latest revision of the Internet Protocol ( IP ), the primary communications protocol upon which the entire Internet is built.