The pterosaur wrist consists of two inner ( proximal ) and four outer ( distal ) carpals ( wrist bones ), excluding the pteroid bone, which may itself be a modified distal carpal.

In most cases the skin graft is taken from the elbow flexion crease or the proximal inner side of the arm.

This place is chosen, because the color of the skin matches best with the color of the skin in the palm of the hand ; the skin on the proximal inner side of the arm is thin and it is a place where there is enough skin to take some for a full-thickness skin graft.

To the northeast is a pair of craters designated Langley J and Langley K. These lie proximal to each other, along the inner side of the rim shared with Volta.

Top, The AR gene is located on the proximal long arm of the X chromosome.

The human androgen receptor ( AR ) is a protein encoded by a gene located on the proximal long arm of the X chromosome ( locus Xq11-Xq12 ).

The proximal bones of the leg and arm are disproportionately long and the distal elements are disproportionately short.

*-" Transverse section through the left arm just proximal to the elbow.

The median nerve gives off an articular branch in the upper arm as it passes the elbow joint. a branch to pronator teres may arise from the median nerve immediately proximal to the elbow joint.

Palmer's method involved ' muscle motion ' in which the more proximal muscles of the arm were used for movement, rather than allowing the fingers to move in writing.

It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpus ( wrist ) region between the fore arm and hand ( manus ).

They usually occur in an isolated body part, such as the proximal arm.

The axillary artery may be safely clamped without endangering the arm, but only in a location proximal to the origin of the subscapular artery.

It can also be formed by exchange involving one arm of a chromosome and its homolog ( or sister chromatid ) at the proximal edge of the arm, adjacent to the centromere.

Important factors in forcible discharge include Buller's drop, a droplet of fluid that can be observed to accumulate at the proximal tip ( hilar appendage ) of each basidiospore ; the offset attachment of the spore to the subtending sterigma, and the presence of hygroscopic regions on the basidiospore surface.

It is also located in the S3 segment of the proximal tubule in each nephron in the kidneys .< ref > Its mechanism is exploited in glucose rehydration therapy and defects in SGLT1 prevent effective reabsorption of glucose, causing familial renal glucosuria.

Genetic linkage is the tendency of genes that are located proximal to each other on a chromosome to be inherited together during meiosis.

In the average human, there are twenty proximal phalanges in all, ten in the hands ( five in each hand ) and ten in the feet ( five in each foot ).

Within each active site, a couple arginine residues are responsible for the enzyme ’ s specificity for dicarboxylic acid substrates: Arg386 interacts with the substrate ’ s proximal ( α -) carboxylate group, while Arg292 complexes with the distal ( side-chain ) carboxylate.

For example, two objects with varying distances and orientations from the viewer may appear to be proximal to each other, while a third object may be closer to one of the other objects but appear farther.

Since fast signals occurring in the basilar and proximal apical dendrites are transferred to the soma with at least a 20-25 % efficiency, synapses in the these dendrites each contribute more to the neuronal activation than distal apical synapses.

However, this artery is known to be a nutrient vessel with a distribution primarily to the proximal airways and supportive tissues of the lung.

For example, arrow 17 in Figure 3 portrays the proximal radial epiphysis for boy 34, whereas the same epiphysis for girl 2 is portrayed by arrow 18 in Figure 4.

A chemical anisotropic filter, as used to filter particles, is a filter with increasingly smaller interstitial spaces in the direction of filtration so that the proximal regions filter out larger particles and distal regions increasingly remove smaller pales, resulting in greater flow-through and more efficient filtration.

The endocervix ( more proximal, within the uterus ) is composed of simple columnar epithelium.

The mother centriole has radiating appendages at the distal end of its long axis and is attached to the daughter centriole at the other proximal end.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase which is found in the proximal convoluted tubule.

The forefoot is composed of five toes and the corresponding five proximal long bones forming the metatarsus.

Extensor group: tibialis anterior originates on the proximal half of the tibia and the interosseous membrane and is inserted near the tarsometatarsal joint of the first digit.

Plantaris originates on the femur proximal to the lateral head of the gastrocnemius and its long tendon is embedded medially into the Achilles tendon.

Muscles of the little toe: Stretching laterally from the calcaneus to the proximal phalanx of the fifth digit, abductor digiti minimi form the lateral margin of the foot and is the largest of the muscles of the fifth digit.

The iron is bound strongly ( covalently ) to the globular protein via the imidazole ring of the F8 histidine residue ( also known as the proximal histidine ) below the porphyrin ring.

The notion of the zone of proximal development that he introduced in 1933, roughly a year before his death, served as the banner for his proposal to diagnose development as the level of actual development that can be measured by the child's independent problem solving and, at the same time, the level of proximal, or potential development that is measured in the situation of moderately assisted problem solving by the child.

Inclusion body myositis ( IBM ) is an inflammatory muscle disease, characterized by slowly progressive weakness and wasting of both distal and proximal muscles, most apparent in the muscles of the arms and legs.

1 ) Some researchers ( e. g., Dalakas ) advocate the theory that the inflammation-immune reaction, caused by an unknown trigger – likely an undiscovered virus or an autoimmune disorder, is the primary, proximal cause of sIBM and that the degeneration of muscle fibres and protein abnormalities are secondary features.

Although most injury responses include a calcium influx signaling to promote resealing of severed parts, axonal injuries initially lead to acute axonal degeneration ( AAD ), which is rapid separation of the proximal and distal ends within 30 minutes of injury.

Ear pain associated with the swelling of proximal tissue is a symptom of temporomandibular joint disorder.

In other languages, the distinction is three-way: proximal, i. e. near the speaker, medial, i. e. near the addressee, and distal, i. e. far from both.

According to Ramskov, one proponent of bottom-up approach, Gibson, claims that it is a process that includes visual perception that needs information available from proximal stimulus produced by the distal stimulus.

In contrast, creatinine is actually secreted in the proximal tubule.

However, in addition to not being normally filtered, what urea does get filtered is not reabsorbed by the proximal tubule as it normally would be.