Catalysts that speed the reaction are called positive catalysts.

The speed at which a reactions takes place is studied by reaction kinetics.

Catalysts are substances which change the pathway ( mechanism ) of a reaction which in turn increases the speed of a reaction by lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to take place.

Catalysts can only speed up the reaction – chemicals that slow down the reaction are called inhibitors.

The speed of the hydrolysis reaction works as an internal clock for the length of the signal.

* Decision / reaction time / speed ( Gt ) reflects the immediacy with which an individual can react to stimuli or a task ( typically measured in seconds or fractions of seconds ; it is not to be confused with Gs, which typically is measured in intervals of 2 – 3 minutes ).

:" Although theoretical calculations can be made today, the eventually attainable range of chemical reaction cycles, error rates, speed of operation, and thermodynamic efficiencies of such bottom-up manufacturing systems cannot be reliably predicted at this time.

range of chemical reaction cycles, error rates, speed of operation, and thermodynamic

When comparing the speed of a punch and the reaction time and time taken to block effectively, it is difficult to block a punch.

* Speed ( SPD ) represents reaction speed and, in some editions, movement rate.

This change in speed forces a designer to change from impulse at the base, to a high reaction style tip.

Even the inherent statistical fluctuations of neutron multiplication within the chain reaction, have implications with regard to implosion speed and symmetry.

However, the dynamic inertia ( from the gyroscopic reaction effect ) from the gimbal provides negative spring stiffness proportional to the square of the spin speed ( Howe and Savet, 1964 ; Lawrence, 1998 ).

Detonation is distinct from deflagration in that the chemical reaction propagates faster than the speed of sound ( often many times faster ) in an intense shock wave.

The pace of a bowler not only challenges the reaction speed of the batsman, but also his physical courage.

The speed of that reaction and the ignition of the resulting hydrogen can easily account for the explosion verified.

This scanning method usually has a low reaction latency and the scan speed can be varied.

Enzymes are protein catalysts for chemical reactions ; as catalysts, they speed up reactions without being used up in the process, so only small enzyme quantities are required to carry out a reaction.

However, external torques on the spacecraft may require a gradual buildup of reaction wheel rotation speed to maintain the spacecraft in a fixed orientation.

The strength of the materials of a reaction wheel determines the speed at which the wheel would come apart, and therefore how much angular momentum it can store.

Since the reaction wheel is a small fraction of the spacecraft's total mass, easily-measurable changes in its speed provide very precise changes in angle.

The response of reaction is dominated by a concern for what is vanishing.

The most reaction can achieve is stasis, and a stasis that can be maintained only by the expenditure of an effort which ultimately exhausts itself.

Since a civilizational crisis involves also a crisis in private interests and in the ruling class, reaction is normally found among those who feel themselves to be among the ruling class.

When the reactionary response is thus bolstered by an intellectual defense, the characteristics of that defense are explicable only in terms of the basic attitudes of unanalyzed reaction.

It is a Whig history of the `` Tory reaction '' which preceded the Reform Bill of 1832, and it uses the figure of Grey to give some unity to the narrative.

Representatives of Harvard University Press, which is publishing the book this month of April, recognize and freely acknowledge that they invited such reaction by allowing Life magazine to print an excerpt from the book in advance of the book's publication date.

This latter reaction is in accord with the reported decomposition of Af.

The small reaction occurring at 337-degrees-C is probably caused by decomposition of occluded nitrates, and perhaps by a small amount of some hydrous material other than Af.

He showed convincingly that anxiety is a learned ( conditioned ) reaction and is the basis of experimental and clinical neuroses and assumed, therefore, that the neuronal changes which underlie the neuroses are functional and reversible.

Autosuggestibility, the reaction of the subject in such a way as to conform to his own expectations of the outcome ( i.e., that the arm-rise is a reaction to the pressure exerted in the voluntary contraction, because of his knowledge that `` to every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction '' ) also seems inadequate as an explanation for the following reasons: ( 1 ) the subjects' apparently genuine experience of surprise when their arms rose, and ( 2 ) manifestations of the phenomenon despite anticipations of something else happening ( e.g., of becoming dizzy and maybe falling, an expectation spontaneously volunteered by one of the subjects ).

A more tenable explanation for the change in reactions is that the added knowledge and increased familiarity with the total situation made it possible for these subjects to be less guarded and to relax, since any reaction seemed acceptable to the examiner as `` normal ''.

We have consoled ourselves with the thought that this is a normal human reaction and is one of the consequences of any decision in an adversary proceeding.

Upon completion of the purging step, additional initiator appropriate for the molecular weight of the sample desired is added, and the system is then warmed to the polymerization temperature, at which the reaction is allowed to go to completion.

( 3 ) in a state of depression, the positive conditioned stimulus may fail to elicit a conditioned reaction but cause an increased synchrony instead of the excitatory desynchronizing ( alerting ) effect on the Aj.

Seeing a sublime view of a landscape may give us a reaction of awe, which might manifest physically as an increased heart rate or widened eyes.

In powdered form, however, the reaction with water is extremely rapid, as the increased surface area of the powder accelerates the reaction with the water.

The rate of the reaction is increased as this alternative route has a lower activation energy than the reaction route not mediated by the catalyst.

The reaction yield stabilized at equilibrium, but can be increased by removing the product from the reaction mixture or increasing temperature or pressure.

* Reactant concentrations, which usually make the reaction happen at a faster rate if raised through increased collisions per unit time.

Such cements can have the same physical characteristics as normal cement but with 50 % less cement particularly due to their increased surface area for the chemical reaction.

Exposure to a foreign body causes a sterile inflammatory reaction in the intrauterine environment that is toxic to sperm and ova and impairs implantation .< sup > 28, 29 </ sup > The production of cytotoxic peptides and activation of enzymes lead to inhibition of sperm motility, reduced sperm capacitation and survival, and increased phagocytosis of sperm .< sup > 30, 31 </ sup > The TCu380A causes an increase in copper ions, enzymes, prostaglandins, and white blood cells ( macrophages ) in uterine and tubal fluids ; these impair sperm function and prevent fertilization. p.

" He argued that the anti-feudal sentiment of French peasants expressed in the 1789 cahier de doléances ( list of grievances ) was linked to the " seigneurial reaction " of the late 18th century in which lords significantly increased feudal dues.

The water moderator would boil away as the reaction increased, slowing it back down again and preventing a meltdown.

During the 1980s, perhaps as a reaction to the evening drama series that were gaining high ratings, daytime serials began to incorporate action and adventure storylines, more big-business intrigue, and an increased emphasis on youthful romance.

As the concentration of CO is increased, the frequency of successful collisions of that reactant would increase also, allowing for an increase in forward reaction, and generation of the product.

" This tendency increased in the 1930s in reaction to the New Deal policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Weapon yield is typically increased with a tamper that increases the duration and intensity of the reaction through inertial confinement and neutron reflection.

This provided decreased reaction time and increased survivability when under nuclear attack.

Weinberg wrote about the North Cape raid: " There were, furthermore, increased by the extraordinary reaction of the German naval command to the signs of victory in the West as well as in Norway.

The increased temperatures due to pressure cooking are also used to promote the Maillard reaction to develop more desirable flavor profiles that would not be obtainable using temperatures typical of boiling.

Diabetics have an increased risk for cataract since high levels of glucose cause reactions with assorted proteins, including those in the lens ; many of the reaction products are not optically clear, nor pack in the same way, thus altering the shape of the lens.

* Another hypothesis suggests high-energy particles or gamma rays coupled with susceptibilities in the potential victim ( e. g., increased alcohol in the blood ) triggers the initial reaction.

A 2nd century inscription dedicated to the god has been considered to be a reaction to increased worm infections among humans.