Bowls are designed to travel a curved path because of a weight bias which was originally produced by inserting weights in one side of the bowl.

Porsche chose a rear wheel drive layout and a rear-mounted transaxle for the design to help provide 48 / 52 front / rear weight distribution ; this slight rear weight bias aided both traction and brake balance.

This selection bias would be corrected by applying a survey weight equal to of phone numbers ) to each household.

A particular problem with observational studies involving human subjects is the great difficulty attaining fair comparisons between treatments ( or exposures ), because such studies are prone to selection bias, and groups receiving different treatments ( exposures ) may differ greatly according to their covariates ( age, height, weight, medications, exercise, nutritional status, ethnicity, family medical history, etc .).

In 1967 the city had 145 enterprises, with the bulk of their weight – light and food industry, which is slightly different from a typical Soviet city bias towards heavy industry and capital goods production.

To reduce bias from closely related sequences, segments in a block with a sequence identity above a certain threshold were clustered giving weight to each such cluster ( Henikoff and Henikoff ).

Testers found the Toro's handling, despite its noticeable front weight bias and consequent understeer, was not substantially different from other full-size American cars when driven under normal conditions.

The rearward weight bias preferred by sports and racing cars results from handling effects during the transition from straight-ahead to cornering.

Since the engine is typically the heaviest component of the car, putting it near the rear axle usually results in more weight over the rear axle than the front, commonly referred to as a rear weight bias.

Typical weight bias for an FR is 55 / 45 front / rear ; for MR, 45 / 55 ; for RR, 35 / 65.

Rear weight bias reduces forward weight transfer under braking, and increases rear weight transfer under acceleration.

The disadvantage to a rear weight bias is that the car can become unstable and tend to oversteer when decelerating ( whether braking or lifting off the throttle ).

At the end of the turn, the rear weight bias allows for increased rear traction when accelerating, allowing the driver to accelerate sooner, a major advantage in racing.

The sidepod tanks could be controlled from the cockpit by the driver and could be used to fuel the engine separately or together, improving performance and weight bias in cornering.

Other factors affecting the outcome of a race are track condition, weather, weight that the horses have to carry, daily bias of the racing surface, and many more factors that the handicapper cannot know.

It is based on the McCulloch-Pitts model and consists of a weight, a bias and a summation function.

With the MSE error metric the adapted weight and bias become:

The Mk8 had a longer wheelbase and wider track compared to the Mk7, which was known for difficult handling due to a 70-30 weight bias to the rear.

The design emphasis was on light weight and a rearward weight bias for trials.

argue that extreme concern with weight and shape coupled with low self esteem will result in strict, rigid, and inflexible dietary rules.

With all the weight on eight drivers, the AEM-7 has a very high horsepower to weight ratio ( 70 hp / short ton ), coupled with a sophisticated wheelslip control ( Pressductor ) system.

The new data, coupled with the weight of previously existing data convincingly show that ‘ industrial melanism in the peppered moth is still one of the clearest and most easily understood examples of Darwinian evolution in action ’.

A bicyclooctadiene compound has been coupled by ring-opening metathesis polymerization ( ROMP ) to give a precursor polymer of high molecular weight and soluble in organic solvents.

With the simultaneous decrease in fat mass coupled with increases in lean body mass, often the net change in weight is small.

Such aircraft generally offered the largest wings and / or the most powerful engines in the model lineup coupled with a small fuselage to reduce weight.

The intense powerband, coupled with the car's low weight made the CSX-VNT very fast on the street.

The result was less cylinder distortion coupled with the decreased weight of rotating assemblies, smoother operation at that engine speed, and increased engine efficiency.

Designed by David Jones, they had coupled wheels, outside cylinders and weight ( in original condition ) of 36 tons.

Originally numbered 13 and named ' Strathpeffer ', it had 4 ' 3 " coupled wheels, 14 " by 20 " inside cylinders, a 3 ' 6. 5 " diameter boiler, and a weight in working order of 32 tons.

An height restriction coupled with a weight restriction of four tons precludes large RVs and trucks from crossing.

The drive would be divided between the front coupled axle for the inside cylinders and the middle coupled axle for the outside cylinders giving better weight distribution and reduced hammer blow.

Sent to Swindon for breaking up, it had one final unusual task – coupled to its twin, 6023 King Edward II, it was towed over a bridge for weight testing purposes.

In addition, the lighter weight of the fiberglass and carbon fiber canes, coupled with the metal tip, provides more information than the heavier aluminum style canes with plastic tips.

The leading arm / trailing arm swinging arm, fore-aft linked suspension system together with inboard front brakes had a much smaller unsprung weight than existing coil spring or leaf spring designs.

In other systems the weight is allowed to move, and its motion produces a voltage in a coil attached to the mass and moving through the magnetic field of a magnet attached to the frame.

For the 1964 model year, the front anti-roll bar became standard equipment and the rear suspension was modified to include a camber compensating, transverse-mounted leaf spring extending between the rear wheels to limit rear wheel camber change, and carrying much of the rear weight combined with softer coil springs.

The leading arm / trailing arm swinging arm, fore-aft linked suspension system together with inboard front brakes had a much smaller unsprung weight than existing coil spring or leaf designs.

Although its coil springs were actually slightly softer than other Buicks, with the lighter overall weight, the net effect was to make the Riviera somewhat firmer.

Sagging of the filament coil between its supports increases with time due to creep deformation caused by the weight of the filament itself.

The coil geometry and supports are therefore designed to limit the stresses caused by the weight of the filament, and a special tungsten alloy with small amounts of oxygen trapped in the crystallite grain boundaries is used to slow the rate of Coble creep.

Tropoelastin is a specialized protein with a molecular weight of 64 to 66 kDa, and an irregular or random coil conformation made up of 830 amino acids.

The glow-ignition variety of model engine, because it no longer required an onboard battery, ignition coil, ignition points and capacitor that a spark ignition model engine required, saved valuable weight and allowed model aircraft to have better flight performance.

The downside, though, is weight, and they are severely travel limited compared to a conventional coil spring when free length is not an issue.

Nailers may also be of the ' coil ' type where the fasteners come in either wire or plastic collation the advantage being a lot more fasteners per load, however, at the expense of extra weight.