This steering is usually provided by the rider, but under certain conditions may be provided by the bicycle itself.

From a mechanical viewpoint, up to 99 % of the energy delivered by the rider into the pedals is transmitted to the wheels, although the use of gearing mechanisms may reduce this by 10 – 15 %.

These are inherently more aerodynamic than upright versions, as the rider may lean back onto a support and operate pedals that are on about the same level as the seat.

If the rider plans a significant amount of hillclimbing, a triple-crank ( three chainrings ) front gear system may be preferred.

The downward slope may indicate that the rider is traveling towards the realm of the dead and the woman with the scepter may be a female ruler of that realm, corresponding to Hel.

It is important that the saddle be comfortable for both the rider and the horse as an improperly fitting saddle may create pressure points on the horse's back muscle ( Latissimus dorsi ) and cause the horse pain and can lead to the horse, rider, or both getting injured.

Sometimes a running martingale may be adjusted at a greater or lesser length depending on the needs of the horse and rider.

Above the rider on the Tjängvide image stone is a horizontal figure holding a spear, which may be a valkyrie, and a female figure greets the rider with a cup.

563 ) had a rider () attached that effectively ended the President ’ s treaty making by providing that no Indian nation or tribe shall be acknowledged as an independent nation, tribe, or power with whom the United States may contract by treaty.

Just before the finish, the trailing rider pulls out of the slipstream, and aided by fresher legs, may be able to overtake the opponent before the line.

To prevent this, the leading rider may choose to accelerate quickly before the last lap, hoping to catch his opponent off guard and establish a large enough gap to negate the aerodynamic effect or to keep the speed high enough to prevent his opponent from completing a pass.

During the race, the lead out rider may choose to hug the measurement line on the inside of the track giving him the shortest path around the track.

This speed could also depend on the year, make, and model of the boat because some boats, which are not designed for wakeboarding, create a different size wake which the rider may not feel comfortable with.

Some art historians believe that a second figure ( perhaps a child ) is being held by the rider, although this may be another shadow from the solitary rider.

A refusal may lead to a rider exceeding the time allowed on course.

While this style of riding may have felt more secure for the rider, it also impeded the freedom of the horse to use its body to the extent needed to clear large obstacles.

So a horse may jump " A " and " B " without issue, but have a refusal at the third fence ( C ), at which time the rider would have to circle and return to jump fence " A " again, giving the horse a second chance to refuse or knock down " A " and " B ".

Nonetheless, a taller horse may make a fence appear less daunting to the rider.

If the rider has a refusal at the direct route, he may jump the other B element without additional penalty than incurred for the refusal.

A rider may take any of the possible routes as long as they pass over each letter once.

An event horse must be very responsive to succeed, as a horse that will not listen to a rider on the cross-country phase may end up taking a fall at a jump.

If one rider closely follows, they draft or slipstream another, because the leading rider pushes air around themselves ; any rider closely following has to push out less air than the lead rider and thus can travel at the same speed while expending less effort.

Once more proficient, a rider may twist their hips ( and counter rotate their body ) in order to line up the wheel with the direction, they are going to fall toward, before they begin ' falling ' in that direction, and thus they can immediately begin riding in that direction despite any sudden change in velocity.

A rare solution to the requirement of coordinated pedaling is the use of a jackshaft plus two freehubs, thus allowing one rider to coast while the other continues to pedal.

The land on which the depot was built was purchased from a circuit rider and early settler named Joel Algood, and thus the train stop was named after him.

Although they can address the free rider problem, the downside of these laws is that they imply private monopoly power and thus are not Pareto-optimal.

They stand on either side of the chute as the bull is released and work as a team to distract the bull and thus protect the rider and each other.

Wave jumping, as with freestyle, involves stunts of varying levels of difficulty which are performed after the rider has jumped from the peak of an unbroken wave ( having sailed towards the wave, thus using it as a ramp ).

The long stirrups of the dressage rider allow for a long leg, thus giving the greatest amount of communication

When riding with short stirrups, the rider often adopts what is known as a forward seat, thus inhibiting the horse's balance and athletic maneuverings as little as possible.

The disadvantage with this system is that to remove the shoe from the pedal a rider had to reach down and loosen the strap by hand or leave the toe strap loose and thus give up some efficiency.

The key will be removed from the ignition switch if the rider falls off the vehicle, thus turning off the engine or setting the throttle position to " idle ".

A swinging or unstable leg may inadvertently jab the horse with the spur as the rider sits, thus irritating, distracting, or frightening the animal, and chronic misuse may deaden the horse to the leg aids.

Before there were choppers, there was the bobber, meaning a motorcycle that had been " bobbed ," or relieved of excess weight by removing parts, particularly the fenders, with the intent of making it lighter and thus faster, or at least making it look better in the eyes of a rider seeking a more minimalist ride.

Leather chaps stick to a leather saddle or a bareback horse better than do fabric trousers and thus help the rider stay on.

The lowsider has the advantage of the motorcycle sliding before the rider, thus not threatening to crush them.

As well, a lowsider tends to send the rider sliding across the road rather than slamming them into the road, thus reducing the chances of serious trauma.

Riders are allowed two different styles of reins: 1 ) split reins, which are not attached to each other, and thus the rider is allowed to place one finger between the reins to aid in making adjustments ; and 2 ) " romal reins ," which are joined together and have a romal ( a type of long quirt ) on the end, which the rider holds in his / her non-reining hand, with at least 16 inches of slack between the two, and the rider is not allowed to place a finger between the reins.

However, the horse also has a bit of a spring in its motion as it switches diagonal pairs of legs with each beat, and thus can be rough for a rider, and jostles about packs or weaponry to a considerable degree.

Generally, a racer is considered to be sandbagging when s / he deliberately avoids winning races, thus avoiding so-called " move up points " ( which require a rider to race the next highest proficiency after a given number of races won ).

One wrote: `` ( I am so hungry ) I could eat a rider off his horse & snap at the stirups ''.