* Ethernet bridges and XNS routers

Many data-centric telecommunications platforms such as routers and Ethernet switches utilize distributed switching on separate cards within an equipment chassis.

Devices connecting ISDN to a network ( e. g. Ethernet ) commonly include routing functionality ; while they technically include a TA function, they are referred to as ( ISDN ) routers.

Although it was possible to use IP routing to connect multiple Ethernet networks together, the VAX-11 / 780 computers commonly used as routers cost $ 400, 000 each at that time, and their total throughput was significantly less than Ethernet speeds.

With ISL, an Ethernet frame is encapsulated with a header that transports VLAN IDs between switches and routers.

Most are wireless routers, meaning converged devices that include the WAP, a router, and, often, an Ethernet switch.

For that reason, most broadband modems today ( cable as well as DSL ) are external devices with either Ethernet connections for single PCs or routers, or built-in routers of their own ; these interfaces require a full-hardware implementation.

FREESCO ( stands for Free Cisco ) is a free replacement for commercial routers supporting up to 10 Ethernet / ARCnet / Token ring / Arlan network cards and up to.

These include: exponential backoff in protocols such as 802. 11's CSMA / CA and the original Ethernet, window reduction in TCP, and fair queueing in devices such as routers.

Products currently and previously sold under the Linksys brand name include broadband and wireless routers, consumer and small business grade Ethernet switching, VoIP equipment, wireless internet video camera, AV products, network storage systems, and other products.

Juniper's main products include T-series, M-series, E-series, MX-series, and J-series families of routers, EX-series Ethernet switches and SRX-series security products.

* MX-Series routers are Ethernet services routers

The company's products are known as low-priced alternatives for expensive routers and Ethernet radio relay lines.

MRV began building switches and routers used by carriers implementing Metro Ethernet networks that provide Ethernet services to enterprise customers and multi-dwelling residential buildings.

These early Ethernet LANs scaled using Ethernet bridges ( another DEC invention ) as well as DECnet routers.

Subsequently, Cisco routers, which implemented TCP-IP and DECnet, emerged as a global connection between these packet-based Ethernet LANs.

These sites run Cisco CRS-1 routers and are interconnected with each other by two 10 Gigabit Ethernet connections.

Intermediate network hardware such as routers and switches may be indifferent to the data protocol encapsulated in each Ethernet frame, but source and consumer devices must use the same protocol to allow communication to take place.

Local Management Interface ( LMI ) is a signaling standard used between routers and frame relay switches.

To allow hosts and networks using 6to4 addresses to exchange traffic with hosts using " native " IPv6 addresses, " relay routers " have been established.

To ensure BGP routing propagation, a short prefix of < tt > 192. 88. 99. 0 / 24 </ tt > has been allocated for routes pointed at 6to4 relay routers that use this anycast IP address.

The specification states that such relay routers must only advertise < tt > 2002 ::/ 16 </ tt > and not subdivisions of it to prevent IPv4 routes polluting the routing tables of IPv6 routers.

* Public 6to4 relay routers: See Archive. org cache

* 6to4 relay routers on BGPmon. net: Lists autonomous systems ( ASs ) announcing IPv4 & Ipv6 6to4 anycast prefixes in time

When powered on, an AppleTalk machine broadcasts an AARP probe packet asking for a network address, intending to hear back from controllers such as routers.

RTMP was the protocol by which routers kept each other informed about the topology of the network.

* Administrative domain, a collection of hosts and routers into one network

While some layer two network devices are able to divide the collision domains, broadcast domains are only divided by layer 3 network devices such as routers or layer 3 switches.

In addition, many home networking routers implement DNS caches and recursors to improve efficiency in the local network.

Advanced networking features in switches and routers combat these issues through means including spanning-tree protocol to maintain the active links of the network as a tree while allowing physical loops for redundancy, port security and protection features such as MAC lock down and broadcast radiation filtering, virtual LANs to keep different classes of users separate while using the same physical infrastructure, multilayer switching to route between different classes and link aggregation to add bandwidth to overloaded links and to provide some measure of redundancy.

available in many advanced Database Management Systems, simple file permissions provided in the UNIX and Windows operating systems, Group Policy Objects provided in Windows network systems, Kerberos, RADIUS, TACACS, and the simple access lists used in many firewalls and routers.

However, a single computer network may be converted into an internetwork by dividing the network into segments and logically dividing the segment traffic with routers.

With IPv6, however, changing the prefix announced by a few routers can in principle renumber an entire network, since the host identifiers ( the least-significant 64 bits of an address ) can be independently self-configured by a host.

When first connected to a network, a host sends a link-local router solicitation multicast request for its configuration parameters ; if configured suitably, routers respond to such a request with a router advertisement packet that contains network-layer configuration parameters.

Larger LANs also contain a wide variety of network devices such as switches, firewalls, routers, load balancers, and sensors.

Copies are automatically created in other network elements, such as routers, but only when the topology of the network requires it.

The entry and exit points of an MPLS network are called label edge routers ( LERs ), which, respectively, push an MPLS label onto an incoming packet and pop it off the outgoing packet.

In the specific context of an MPLS-based virtual private network ( VPN ), LERs that function as ingress and / or egress routers to the VPN are often called PE ( Provider Edge ) routers.

Modern routers are able to support both MPLS and IP natively across a common interface allowing network operators great flexibility in network design and operation.

While IntServ mechanisms do work, it was realized that in a broadband network typical of a larger service provider, Core routers would be required to accept, maintain, and tear down thousands or possibly tens of thousands of reservations.

An RS-232 serial port can communicate to some embedded systems such as routers as an alternative to network mode of monitoring.

They can also be found embedded in devices such as printers, routers, webcams and serving only a local network.

This technique allows a broadcast to be initiated on a remote network but requires all intervening routers to forward the SDB.

3Com provided network interface controllers and switches, routers, wireless access points and controllers, IP voice systems, and intrusion prevention systems.