Once many significant phrases are found in theory or in recurrent practice to provide for prosodic necessity, they are not to be defended for their semantic properties in isolated contexts.

General category theory, an extension of universal algebra having many new features allowing for semantic flexibility and higher-order logic, came later ; it is now applied throughout mathematics.

It says that for any first-order theory T with a well-orderable language, and any sentence S in the language of the theory, there is a formal proof of S in T if and only if S is satisfied by every model of T ( S is a semantic consequence of T ).

It is deduced from the model existence theorem as follows: if there is no formal proof of a formula then adding its negation to the axioms gives a consisten theory, which has thus a model, so that the formula is not a semantic consequence of the initial theory.

An important consequence of the completeness theorem is that it is possible to recursively enumerate the semantic consequences of any effective first-order theory, by enumerating all the possible formal deductions from the axioms of the theory, and use this to produce an enumeration of their conclusions.

Pike developed his theory of tagmemics to help with the analysis of languages from Central and South America, by identifying ( using both semantic and syntactic elements ) strings of linguistic elements capable of playing a number of different roles.

* Structure ( mathematical logic ), in model theory often called just a model or semantic model

A moral rationalist may adhere to any number of different semantic theories as well ; moral realism is compatible with rationalism, and the subjectivist ideal observer theory and noncognitivist universal prescriptivism both entail it.

The 1981 book Genes, Mind, and Culture: The Coevolutionary Process by Charles J. Lumsden and E. O. Wilson proposed the theory that genes and culture co-evolve, and that the fundamental biological units of culture must correspond to neuronal networks that function as nodes of semantic memory.

The semantic network was developed in the late 1950s as a theory to understand human learning and developed further by Allan M. Collins and M. Ross Quillian during the early 1960s.

In logic, the semantic principle ( or law ) of bivalence states that every declarative sentence expressing a proposition ( of a theory under inspection ) has exactly one truth value, either true or false.

Soundness of a deductive system is the property that any sentence that is provable in that deductive system is also true on all interpretations or structures of the semantic theory for the language upon which that theory is based.

In symbols, where S is the deductive system, L the language together with its semantic theory, and P a sentence of L: if ⊢< sub > S </ sub > P, then also ⊨< sub > L </ sub > P.

A deductive system with a semantic theory is strongly complete if every sentence P that is a semantic consequence of a set of sentences Γ can be derived in the deduction system from that set.

WordNet properties have been studied from a network theory perspective and compared to other semantic networks created from Roget's Thesaurus and word association tasks.

A theory and simulation of some basic semantic capabilities ".

Among the philosophers who grappled with this problem is Alfred Tarski, whose semantic theory is summarized further below in this article.

The semantic theory of truth has as its general case for a given language:

As a result Tarski held that the semantic theory could not be applied to any natural language, such as English, because they contain their own truth predicates.

A formal theory is syntactic in nature and is only meaningful when given a semantic component by applying it to some content ( i. e. facts and relationships of the actual historical world as it is unfolding ).

Finally, information is retrieved from the dictionary as required by stages of the translation process -- the grammatical description for sentence-structure determination, equivalent-choice information for semantic analysis, and target-language equivalents for output construction.

Verbal and adverbial elements too participated in each epic diction, but it is for the present sufficient to mark the large nominal and adjectival supply of semantic near-equivalents, and to designate the members of any system of equivalents as basic formulas of the poetic language.

This is in contrast to other types of writing systems, such as logographies, in which each character represents a word, morpheme or semantic unit, and syllabaries, in which each character represents a syllable.

Lexical ambiguity is contrasted with semantic ambiguity.

In strict analysis, abbreviations should not be confused with contractions or acronyms ( including initialisms ), with which they share some semantic and phonetic functions, though all three are connoted by the term " abbreviation " in loose parlance. An abbreviation is a shortening by any method ; a contraction is a reduction of size by the drawing together of the parts.

For example, the term is used to describe systems such as verlan and louchébem, which retain French syntax and apply transformations only to individual words ( and often only to a certain subset of words, such as nouns, or semantic content words ).

Anti-realism in the sense that Dummett uses the term is also often called semantic anti-realism.

: The semantic problem: how precisely is the meaning ' conveyed '?

For Gilbert Ryle ( 1949 ), a category ( in particular a " category mistake ") is an important semantic concept, but one having only loose affinities to an ontological category.

A compiler is likely to perform many or all of the following operations: lexical analysis, preprocessing, parsing, semantic analysis ( Syntax-directed translation ), code generation, and code optimization.

Its singular contribution to AI and psychology in general is the notion of a semantic network.

One of the first cognitive psychologists, George Miller is well known for dedicating his career to the development of WordNet, a semantic network for the English language.

A distinction is sometimes drawn between syntactic garbage, those objects the program cannot possibly reach, and semantic garbage, those objects the program will in fact never again use.

In this line of interpretation, Cernach is taken as an epithet with a wide semantic field — " angular ; victorious ; bearing a prominent growth " — and Conall is seen as " the same figure " as the ancient Cernunnos.

Episodic memory is believed to be the system that provides the basic support for semantic memory.

The PFC is also more involved with episodic memory than semantic memory, although it does play a small role in semantics.

This view relies on the argument that the semantic function of a proper name is to tell us which object bears the name, and thus to identify some object.

This is a semantic stratum, and the rules of this stratum would be the " laws to avoid counter-sense " or " laws to prevent contradiction ".

Sometimes an empire is a semantic construction, such as when a ruler assumes the title of " Emperor ".

A key aspect of first-order logic is visible here: the string " Phil " is a syntactic entity which is given semantic meaning by declaring that Phil ( a ) holds exactly when a is a philosopher.

While constructed languages are also artificial languages designed from the ground up with a specific purpose, they lack the precise and complete semantic definition that a programming language has.

Universal Networking Language ( UNL ) is a declarative formal language specifically designed to represent semantic data extracted from natural language texts.

The Government Category list was superseded by the Integrated Public Sector Vocabulary ( IPSV ) during 2006, which incorporates terms from GCL as well as from other controlled vocabularies, and is designed to enable semantic interoperability of systems and web resources across the UK public sector.

While PL360 is at the semantic level of assembly language, another kind of system programming language operates at a higher semantic level, but has specific extensions designed to make the language suitable for system programming.

Though SAM was originally designed to model episodic memory, its mechanisms are sufficient to support some semantic memory representations, as well.

* The TuLiPa project The Tübingen Linguistic Parsing Architecture ( TuLiPA ) is a multi-formalism syntactic ( and semantic ) parsing environment, designed mainly for Multi-Component Tree Adjoining Grammars with Tree Tuples

A deductive engine called a classifier utilizes forward-chaining, semantic unification and object-oriented truth maintenance technologies in order to compile the declarative knowledge into a network designed to efficiently support on-line deductive query processing.

The Beaujolais effect is a situation where adding or removing a single use clause in an Ada program changes the behavior of the compiled program, a very undesirable effect in a language designed for semantic precision.

Osgood's semantic differential was designed to measure the connotative meaning of concepts.

The first semantic theories designed to be compatible with transformational syntax were interpretive.

HTML was originally designed as a semantic markup language intended for sharing scientific documents and research papers online.