he was working with species of Java, so perhaps some tropical snakes are unusual in this respect.

Of these, 1, 356 ( 33. 6 %) were considered to be threatened and this figure is likely to be an underestimate because it excludes 1, 427 species for which there was insufficient data to assess their status.

Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization.

In 2008, it was discovered that the inactivation of only two genes in one species of annual plant leads to the conversion into a perennial plant.

Although most extant species of Asteraceae are herbaceous, the examination of the basal members in the family suggests that the common ancestor of the family was an arborescent plant, a tree or shrub, perhaps adapted to dry conditions, radiating from South America.

A number of species have come to be considered invasive, including, most notably in North America, dandelion, which was originally introduced by European settlers who used the young leaves as a salad green.

This fossil was originally described as a species of Australopithecus, but White and his colleagues later published a note in the same journal renaming the fossil under a new genus, Ardipithecus.

The type species, A. sarcophagus, was apparently restricted in range to the modern-day Canadian province of Alberta, after which the genus is named.

It is improbable, however, that the production of amber was limited to a single species ; and indeed a large number of conifers belonging to different genera are represented in the amber-flora.

He was considered the 19th century's leading expert on the geographical distribution of animal species and is sometimes called the " father of biogeography ".

No one knows the exact species it was crossed with to produce color variations of white, cream, peach, magenta and nearly red hues.

The program was successful in terms of increasing the population of blue foxes, but their predation of Aleutian Canadian geese conflicted with the goal of preserving that species.

By 1987 a comprehensive survey of the phylum was completed: in all, 4516 species and 339 genera had been named.

When a group of different plant species was prompted by a variety of different stress signals, such as drought or cold, each plant responded uniquely.

Animal species diversity was also significantly impacted: in one study, a Harvard biologist found 24 species of birds and 5 species of mammals in a sprayed forest, while in two adjacent sections of unsprayed forest there were 145 and 170 species of birds and 30 and 55 species of mammals.

According to Ferdinand Bohlmann, the first naturally occurring acetylenic compound, dehydromatricaria ester, was isolated from an Artemisia species in 1826.

The substance so defined was a species.

One of these was the property, an essential universal true of the species, but not in the definition ( in modern terms, some examples would be grammatical language, a property of man, or a spectral pattern characteristic of an element, both of which are defined in other ways ).

A species of Paranthropus, such as Paranthropus robustus, with its crested skull and bipedal gait, was suggested by primatologist John Napier and anthropologist Gordon Strasenburg as a possible candidate for Bigfoot's identity, despite the fact that fossils of Paranthropus are found only in Africa.

The study found that there was ' no verifiable evidence ' of exotic felines loose in Britain, and that the mauled farm animals could have been attacked by common indigenous species.

A number of causes are believed to be involved, including habitat destruction and modification, over-exploitation, pollution, introduced species, climate change, endocrine-disrupting pollutants, destruction of the ozone layer ( ultraviolet radiation has shown to be especially damaging to the skin, eyes, and eggs of amphibians ), and diseases like chytridiomycosis.

The largest species are red alder ( A. rubra ) on the west coast of North America, and black alder ( A. glutinosa ), native to most of Europe and widely introduced elsewhere, both reaching over 30 m. By contrast, the widespread Alnus viridis ( green alder ) is rarely more than a 5 m tall shrub.

Threats to wildlife come from introduced species including rats, dogs, cats and the elephants of Interview Island and North Andaman.

Motile species will be able to migrate, albeit slowly, throughout the gel and infiltration rates can then be visualized, whereas non-motile species will show growth only along the now-empty path introduced by the invasive initial sample deposition.

British Columbian introduced species include: common dandelion, ring-necked pheasant, Pacific oyster, brown trout, black slug, European Starling, cowbird, knapweed, bullfrog, purple loosestrife, Scotch broom, Himalayan blackberry, European earwig, tent caterpillar, sowbug, gray squirrel, Asian longhorn beetle, English ivy, Fallow Deer, thistle, gorse, Norway rat, crested mynah, and Asian or European gypsy moth.

In Thailand, many populations of one freshwater species have been wiped out by an introduced species of snail.

This low-lying herbaceous flora seems to be pioneer in nature, and most of it is believed to be composed of recently introduced species.

The cane toad is now considered a pest and an invasive species in many of its introduced regions ; of particular concern is its toxic skin, which kills many animals — native predators and otherwise — when ingested.

These introductions have generally been well documented, and the cane toad may be one of the most studied of any introduced species.

In the following years, the bird was preyed upon by hungry sailors, their domesticated animals, and invasive species introduced during that time.

Another three tree species are common, and may be native, but may also have been introduced by humans: Casuarina equisetifolia, Hibiscus tiliaceus, and Pipturus argenteus.

There are also 134 species of plants classified as " weedy " or " naturalised alien species ", being those unintentionally introduced by man, or intentionally introduced as ornamentals or crop plants which have now " gone native ", including 32 new species recorded since 1995, indicating a very rapid rate of introduction.

The island hosts introduced bird species from many different regions, including Cattle Egrets ( Bubulcus ibis ), Indian Barred Ground Dove, also called the Zebra Dove ( Geopelia striata ), Turtle Dove ( Streptopleia picturata ), Indian Mynah ( Acridotheres tristis ), Madagascar Fody ( Foudia madagascariensis ), and chickens ( Gallus gallus ).

The fish community of this lake has remained stable over a long period until a number of introduced species | introductions in the 1970s restructured its food web.

Commonly mono-specific and / or composed of introduced tree species, these ecosystems are not generally important as habitat for native biodiversity.

Many invasive species have been introduced due to trade in the area, and some threaten the biodiversity of the area.

In some species, urea is further converted into uric acid.

Some species complete their development inside the egg and hatch directly into small frogs.

Some members of the genera Ambystoma and Dicamptodon have larvae that never fully develop into the adult form but this varies with species and with populations.

In most species, the sound is produced by expelling air from the lungs over the vocal cords into an air sac or sacs in the throat or at the corner of the mouth.

Wallace did extensive fieldwork, first in the Amazon River basin and then in the Malay Archipelago, where he identified the Wallace Line that divides the Indonesian archipelago into two distinct parts, one in which animals closely related to those of Australia are common, and one in which the species are largely of Asian origin.

Formerly, Sauer ( 1955 ) classified the genus into two subgenera, differentiating only between monoecious and dioecious species: Acnida ( L .) Aellen ex K. R.

This idea leads into the understanding of how abiotic stress and endangered species are related.

However, the effects of acid rain can last for generations, as the effects of pH level change can stimulate the continued leaching of undesirable chemicals into otherwise pristine water sources, killing off vulnerable insect and fish species and blocking efforts to restore native life.

Research into how vitamin E prevents the process of lipid peroxidation led to the identification of antioxidants as reducing agents that prevent oxidative reactions, often by scavenging reactive oxygen species before they can damage cells.

All species emit sperm into the water.

In 1754 Carl von Linné ( Carl Linnaeus ) divided the plant Kingdom into 25 classes in a taxonomy with a standardized binomial naming system for animal and plant species.

Mutations and natural selection result in a species acquiring new traits and eventually evolving into one or more new species.

The primary causes of the sudden decline of the Blue Crane are human population growth, the conversion of grasslands into commercial tree plantations, and poisoning: deliberate ( to protect crops ) or accidental ( baits intended for other species, and as a side-effect of crop dusting ).

It is concerned with the characteristics, classification, and behaviors of organisms, how species come into existence, and the interactions they have with each other and with the environment.

" All will be released into the wild near Mount Kenya. In 2004 Woburn Safari Parks ' Dr. Jake Veasey ; the Head of the Department of Animal Management and Conservation at Woburn Safari Park and a member of the European Association of Zoos and Aquariums Population Management Advisory Group, with the assistance of Lindsay Banks took over responsibility for the management and coordination of the European Endangered species Programme ( EEP ) for the eastern bongo.

Authorities classify the species into three or four subspecies: B. m. musculus, the northern blue whale consisting of the North Atlantic and North Pacific populations, B. m. intermedia, the southern blue whale of the Southern Ocean, B. m. brevicauda, the pygmy blue whale found in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific, and the more problematic B. m. indica, the great Indian rorqual, which is also found in the Indian Ocean and, although described earlier, may be the same subspecies as B. m. brevicauda.

D. rerio is also one of the few fish species to have been sent into space.

Hesperocyonine canids first appeared in North America, and the earliest species is currently dated at 39. 74 mya, but they were not represented in Europe until well into the Miocene, and not into Asia and Africa until the Pliocene.

The expression " cannibalism " has been extended into zoology to mean one individual of a species consuming all or part of another individual of the same species as food, including sexual cannibalism.

Except for nautiloids ( represented by the modern order Nautilida ) and coleoids ( which had already diverged into modern octopodes, squids, and cuttlefish ) all other species of the molluscan class Cephalopoda became extinct at the K – T boundary.