The number of k-combinations from a given set S of n elements is often denoted in elementary combinatorics texts by C ( n, k ), or by a variation such as,, or even ( the latter form is standard in French, Russian, and Polish texts ).

They collect the standard texts as edited by S. T. Joshi, most of which were available in the Arkham House editions, with the exception of the restored text of " The Shadow Out of Time " from The Dreams in the Witch House, which had been previously released by small-press publisher Hippocampus Press.

In the early Middle Ages, following the fall of the Roman Empire, standard medical knowledge was based chiefly upon surviving Greek and Roman texts, preserved in monasteries and elsewhere.

Among the findings were the Enuma Elish, also known as the Epic of Creation, which depicts a traditional Babylonian view of creation, the Epic of Gilgamesh, a large selection of " omen texts " including Enuma Anu Enlil which " contained omens dealing with the moon, its visibility, eclipses, and conjunction with planets and fixed stars, the sun, its corona, spots, and eclipses, the weather, namely lightning, thunder, and clouds, and the planets and their visibility, appearance, and stations ", and astronomic / astrological texts, as well as standard lists used by scribes and scholars such as word lists, bilingual vocabularies, lists of signs and synonyms, and lists of medical diagnoses.

In some standard texts and professional references, a full-length view of a human subject is called a medium shot ; in this terminology, a shot of the person from the knees up or the waist up is a close-up shot.

The static semantics defines restrictions on the structure of valid texts that are hard or impossible to express in standard syntactic formalisms.

The standard texts have Berrice today, as well as Bergos for Vergos in the same list of islands.

The question of whether one of the three texts was the standard version from which the other two were originally translated has remained controversial.

Thus, for example, formal notions of causality do not appear in standard texts in classical mechanics.

TeX, the standard typesetting system for mathematical texts, does not contain direct support for blackboard bold symbols, but the add-on AMS Fonts package () by the American Mathematical Society provides this facility ; a blackboard bold R is written as.

As scholars were looking for the presumed " complete " and " original " form of the Nights, they naturally turned to the more voluminous texts of the Egyptian recension, which soon came to be viewed as the " standard version ".

Gregory's education was the standard Latin one of Late Antiquity, focusing on Vergil's Aeneid and Martianus Capella's Liber de Nuptiis Mercurii et Philologiae, but also other key texts such as Orosius ' Chronicles, which his Historia is a continuation of, and Sallust, all of which works he refers to in his own.

The " period of widespread introduction " would seem to be around 1550 to 1650, when it moves from being a rarity on highly decorated pieces to being a substance described in the standard texts of the day.

By the time he arrived in London, de Moivre was a competent mathematician with a good knowledge of many of the standard texts.

As denominations of money grew in the Middle Ages, computations with a denominator of 100 become more standard and from the late 15th century to the early 16th century it became common for arithmetic texts to include such computations.

Anthony Petterson argues that the standard explanation of Haggai and Zechariah ’ s prophesies, in which Zerubbabel was supposed to be the restorer of the Davidic dynasty but never fulfilled these expectations, does not actually stand as an explanation of the final form of these texts.

He was baptised and officially reigned as Constantinus Heraclius, but the diminutive nickname Heraklonas (), little Heraclius, became established in Byzantine texts and has become standard in historiography.

The Japanese methods were nearly opposite to that of the United States: control of schools was highly centralized, rote memorization of verbatim book knowledge without much interaction described the standard student-teacher relationship and the study texts were described as boring.

His works became standard school texts in monastic schools, until his influence declined around the time of the Norman Conquest.

Though a local educated worker at the Jiangyong Cultural Office ( Zhou Shuoyi ) had collected, studied and translated many Nüshu texts into standard Chinese, he was unable to draw outside attention to the script until a report was submitted to the central government on this subject in 1983.

The standard English version of the name, " Jurchen ," is an Anglicized transliteration of the Mongolian equivalent of the Jurchen term jušen ( Mongolian: Jürchin, plural is Jürchid ), and may arrived in the West via Mongolian texts.

The pronunciation for ask, now considered standard, descends from a northern version of the verb that in most midland and southern texts through the 1500s was spelled with " x " or " cs ", showing pronunciation as.

Avadhuts play a significant role in the history, origins and rejuvenations of a number of Dharmic Traditions such as Yoga, Vedanta, Buddhadharma and Bhakti ' lineage ' ( Sanskrit: parampara ) even as they are released from standard observances.

An admirer of Britain's New Liberal philosophy, Hughes campaigned on a platform to improve the state of New York's standard of living by moving it away from laissez-faire tradition and enacting social reforms similar to that which had been enacted in Britain.

During the classical era of Buddhist philosophy in India, philosophers such as Dharmakirti argue for a dualism between states of consciousness and Buddhist atoms ( the basic building blocks that make up reality ), according to " the standard interpretation " of Dharmakirti's Buddhist metaphysics.

Epictetus maintains that the foundation of all philosophy is self-knowledge, that is, the conviction of our ignorance and weakness when measured by the standard of good, and ought to be the first subject of instruction.

Hacker ethic is a term for the moral values and philosophy that are standard in the hacker community.

Thus the standard disciplinary structure of philosophy was established as

In particular, his Meditations on First Philosophy continues to be a standard text at most university philosophy departments.

Unlike Common Lisp, the other main dialect, Scheme follows a minimalist design philosophy specifying a small standard core with powerful tools for language extension.

The R6RS standard has caused controversy because it is seen to have departed from the minimalist philosophy.

He included all the theosophists in what was then a standard reference in the history of philosophy.

Such neo-Platonist accounts of the rational part of the human soul were standard amongst medieval Islamic philosophers, and under this influence, mainly via Averroes, came to be debated seriously in Europe until well into the renaissance, and they remain important in Iranian philosophy .< etc

A standard mathematical education does not develop such idea analysis techniques because it does not pursue considerations of A ) what structures of the mind allow it to do mathematics or B ) the philosophy of mathematics.

This may be explained by the fact that the ages-old ideological struggle between the monarchically oriented Orangist party and its successive opponents of a more " republican " bent ( going back to at least the conflict between Johan van Oldenbarnevelt and Prince Maurice ), of which the Patriots were only the latest incarnation, was being refought in the standard works of 19th-century Dutch historians like Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer, who saw plenty to despise in the " popular-sovereignty " philosophy of the Patriot radicals.

This more permissive approach is not however the standard when considering formal power series, as it would lead to convergence considerations that are as subtle as they are in analysis, while the philosophy of formal power series is on the contrary to make convergence questions as trivial as they can possibly be.

Inspired by Islamic philosophers Avicenna and Averroes, Aristotelian philosophy became part of a standard approach to all legal and ethical discussion in Europe by the time of Thomas Aquinas.

Thought experiments are almost standard procedure in philosophy, where a conjecture is tested out in the imagination for possible effects on experience ; when these are thought to be implausible, unlikely to occur, or not actually occurring, then the conjecture may be either rejected or amended.

Although the standard notation for mentioning a term in philosophy and logic is to put the term in quotation marks, issues arise when the mention is itself of a mention.

The connection is now standard, but it must be remembered ( as in the following ) that what is meant is a connection between Hume's philosophy and what is nowadays called " induction ," not what went by that name in Hume's day.

Sri Mayapur International School, perhaps one of the best known of these day schools, is a school for primary and secondary students ; the school teaches academic education according to the standard UK curriculum, alongside devotional subjects of bhajan / kirtan singing and instrumentation and also Gaudiya Vaishnava philosophy.

Philo's views derive from a combination of Hellenistic philosophy with the Jewish Bible, which he considers as the source and standard not only of religious truth but in general of all truth.

These works were not published until after his death, but Green's views were previously known indirectly through the Introduction to the standard edition of Hume's works by Green and T. H. Grose, fellow of Queen's College, in which the doctrine of the " English " or " empirical " philosophy was exhaustively examined.

The essential difference between the ( cognitive ) easy problems and the ( phenomenal ) hard problem is that the former are at least theoretically answerable via the standard strategy in philosophy of mind: functionalism.

Skidelsky is representative of the Keynesians who have charged that Snowden and MacDonald were blinded by their economic philosophy that required balanced budgets, sound money, the gold standard, and free trade, regardless of the damage it might do to the economy and the people.

His philosophy and methodology became a standard format in feudal land, developmental and economic management.

Gompers ' philosophy of labor unions centered on economic ends for workers, such as higher wages, shorter hours, and safe working conditions so that they could enjoy an " American " standard of living — a decent home, decent food and clothing, and money enough to educate their children.